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Biomedical subjects

M Kono

Publications and source records attributed to M Kono.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of preoperative radiotherapy of bladder cancer].

From May 1982 to Nov. 1987, 33 patients with bladder carcinoma were treated with preoperative radiotherapy (20 Gy/5fr) and total cystectomy. The over all 3-year survival rate was 70%. For T1 and T2, 3-year survival rate was 100%, but only 55% and 0% for T3 and T4 respectively. In 23 out of 33 patients, preoperative T-stage was confirmed by TUR-BT. Down-Staging was recognized in 7 out of 23 patients (30%). They were 0 out of 1 patients for Tcis (0%), 2 of 3 for T1 (67%), 3 of 6 for T2 (50%), 2 of 11 for T3 (18%) and 0 of 2 for T4 (0%). This protocol of preoperative radiotherapy is thought to be favorable for T1 and T2 bladder carcinoma, but inadequate for T3 and T4 tumors. Consequently, it is considered that higher dose radiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy are necessary for T3 and T4 bladder carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Thermodynamics of thermal and athermal denaturation of gamma-crystallins: changes in conformational stability upon glutathione reaction.

The conformational stabilities of bovine lens gamma-crystallin fractions II, IIIA, IIIB, and IVA and those modified with glutathione were compared by studying the thermal and guanidine hydrochloride (Gdn-HCl) denaturation behavior. The conformational state was monitored by both far-UV CD and fluorescence measurements. All the gamma-crystallins studied showed a sigmoidal order-disorder transition with varied melting temperatures. The thermal denaturation of these proteins is reversible up to a temperature 3 or 4 degrees C above T 1/2; above this temperature, irreversible aggregation occurs. The validity of a two-state approximation of both thermal and Gdn-HCl denaturation was tested for all four crystallins, and the presence of one or more intermediates was evident in the unfolding of IVA. delta GDH2O values of these crystallins range from 4 to 9 kcal/mol. Upon glutathione treatment IVA showed the maximum decrease in T 1/2 by approximately 9 degrees C and in delta GDH2O value by 29%; the smallest decrease in T 1/2 was for IIIA by 2 degrees C and in delta GDH2O by 15%. We have demonstrated that the glutathione reaction can dramatically reduce the conformational stability of gamma-crystallins and, thus, that the thermodynamic quantities of the unreacted crystallins can be used to evaluate the stability of these proteins when modified during cataract formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

MRI of mediastinal cavernous hemangioma.

A cavernous hemangioma of the anterior mediastinum was studied by CT and MRI. CT did not give the diagnosis of the vascular tumor but MRI demonstrated the morphology of the vascular tumor. MRI is very useful for detecting a vascular tumor in the mediastinum.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Relationships among islet cell antibodies, residual beta-cell function, and metabolic control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of long duration: use of a sensitive C-peptide radioimmunoassay.

Relationships among islet cell antibodies (ICA), residual beta-cell function, and metabolic control were studied in 60 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDs) of long duration (6 to 31 years). Sensitive C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) and ICA assays with limits of 0.017 nmol/L and 5 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation (JDF) U, respectively, demonstrated that baseline (0.16 +/- 0.02 nmol/L, mean +/- SE, n = 26), as well as maximum CPR values (0.34 +/- 0.05 nmol/L), during 100-g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in ICA-positive IDDs were significantly higher than corresponding values in ICA-negative ones (baseline values, 0.10 +/- 0.01 nmol/L, P less than .05; maximum values, 0.20 +/- 0.04 nmol/L, P less than .01, n = 34). Negative correlation was observed between increment of serum CPR and metabolic control indices, including fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels (P less than .05). In addition, ICA-positive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients had lower values of FBG (8.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P less than .01 v ICA-negative IDDs) and HbA1c (9.2% +/- 0.2%, P less than .05 v ICA-negative IDDs) than ICA-negative ones (FBG, 9.9 +/- 0.4 mmol/L; HbA1c, 9.8% +/- 0.2%). These results indicate that minute CPR responses to OGTT detected by sensitive methods may represent residual pancreatic beta cells, which may contribute to ICA generation and good metabolic control in IDDs of long duration.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1990

Simultaneous immunoenzymometric assay for antibodies against human interleukin-2 and human serum albumin in rat serum.

A simultaneous immunoenzymometric assay for anti-human interleukin-2 antibody and anti-human serum albumin antibody in rat serum was developed. Two antigen-immobilized polystyrene balls were immersed in a diluted serum sample in an assay tube and then the antibodies on the balls were made to react with a horseradish peroxidase labelled anti-rat IgG antibody in the same tube after washing. The enzyme activity of each ball was measured by fluorometry. Not only were the sensitivity (70 ng/ml each), assay recovery (100-101%), and precision (C.V. = 5-13%) comparable to those of conventional immunoenzymometric assays using one antigen-immobilized ball but the assay was also much more feasible for mass routine assays. Thus, conventional immunoassays can be replaced by this convenient simultaneous method.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Potential use of a 100-mm film digitizer and image processor for film archiving.

The present study was undertaken to examine experimentally and clinically whether a 100-mm roll-film digitizer and image processing device could preserve or increase the diagnostic accuracy of 100-mm roll films used in the mass screening of patients for lung cancer and provide picture archives of high enough image quality to replace the original films. The quality of the processed digitized CRT image was found to be only slightly less than that of the original films. There was only a slight decrease in diagnostic accuracy, and the system was judged to be potentially useful as a miniature picture archiving and reference system.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1990

The derivation of 1a-demethylmitomycin G from mitomycin C.

Mitomycin G (2) was derived from porfiromycin (10b) in 3 steps via the methanesulfonate (14b) in an overall yield of 39%. On the basis of the established method for the introduction of an exomethylene group in mitomycins with a 9a-methoxy group, the preparation of biologically more important 1a-demethylmitomycin G (5) from mitomycin C (1) was accomplished by the use of a protective acetyl group on the aziridine in an overall yield of 57%. 1a-Demethylmitomycin K (6) was obtained from 5 in a yield of 42%. In a preliminary evaluation of their antitumor activity, compound 5 showed superior activity against sarcoma 180 (sc-ip) to its 1a-methyl congener, i.e., mitomycin G (2).

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Production and some properties of monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor.

Hybridomas that secrete monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) were established by fusion of spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with PSTI with mouse NS-I-Ag 4/1 myeloma cells. One of three resulting monoclonal antibodies (KN-1) was found to recognize the N-terminal moiety of the inhibitor, while the others (KN-2 and KN-3) reacted with other as yet undefined parts of the molecule. Trypsin inhibitory activity of PSTI treated with KN-1 monoclonal antibody was the same as that of PSTI itself, thus indicating no relationship between the N-terminal moiety of the PSTI molecule and its inhibitory activity. We further examined the applicability of one of the monoclonal antibodies (KN-1) for immunohistochemical study of human pancreatic cancer tissue including the normal as a model, and found granular staining of the cytoplasm of the normal acinar and duct cells and also of that of adenocarcinoma cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[A specific protein inhibiting membrane permeation of chloramphenicol in Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

A specific protein (MW 18,000) was found using chloramphenicol (CP) base-affinity chromatography of periplasmic-space proteins obtained from an impermeability-type CP-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa harboring plasmid kR102. Membrane reconstitution experiments using a liposome system appeared to indicate that the permeability of CP was inhibited by the specific protein.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1990

[A case of myxadenoma of the renal capsule].

We reported the case of a 69-year-old man who had resection of a myxadenoma of the renal capsule. The tumor measured 28 x 24 x 6.5 cm and weighed 3,000 grams including the left kidney. CT was useful in suggesting the diagnosis of the renal capsular tumor.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[MRI of pheochromocytoma].

MRI features of 8 patients were reviewed and correlated with pathological findings. It was characteristic finding that the intensity of pheochromocytoma on T2-weighted image and proton image was very high. The detectability of pheochromocytoma by MRI and CT was almost equal and MRI was also useful for determining aberrant pheochromocytoma. MRI was more helpful for detection of necrotic lesion than CT. We considered that the double ring sign on MRI was characteristic for pheochromocytoma. In the cases which are difficult for diagnosis, other diagnostic studies such as endocrine and other imaging studies are necessary.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study of cerebral perfusion during pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass].

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pulsatile flow on cerebral perfusion under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Twenty-three patients who underwent cardiac operations were divided into two comparable groups: Group A (N = 11) had standard nonpulsatile flow, while in Group B (N = 12), a pulsatile pump was used. The blood flow of left common carotid artery and radial arterial pressure were continuously monitored during cardiac operation in both groups and cerebral vascular resistance was calculated. In Group B, the perfusion pressure of left common carotid artery was monitored and compared with that of radial artery. Arterial and internal jugular venous blood were sampled and the difference of cerebral A.V O2 contents and cerebral oxygen consumption was calculated. Cerebral vascular resistance in Group B (54.0 +/- 11.2% of the value of before-CPB) significantly decreased compared to that in Group A (72.2 +/- 11%) at the end of CPB (p less than 0.05). Pulse pressure following pulsatile CPB flow was 15.1 +/- 5.8 mmHg monitored in radial artery and it reduced to 8.5 +/- 5 mmHg in left common carotid artery. Although there was no significant difference in cerebral oxygen consumption of both groups during and just after CPB, the difference of cerebral A-V O2 contents of Group B was greater than Group A just after CPB. These data suggest that pulsatile flow may minimize the cerebral microcirculatory shunt during CPB, resulting from the reduction of cerebral vascular resistance.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study on development factors of radiation pneumonitis].

Forty-six lung cancer patients received radiotherapy from 1982 to 1987 were reviewed to analyze the incidence of radiation pneumonitis and the factors which were related to it. The incidence of which evaluated with plain chest X-ray was 54% at 1 month, 78% at 3 months and 89% at 6 months after radiotherapy. The relationship between severity of pneumonitis and several parameters were studied. As a result, six parameters consisting of pre-radiotherapy granulocyte counts, tumor location, T-factor, radiation dose, radiation field size and the combination timing of chemotherapy were found to be contributing factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pre-treatment evaluation of the extension of uterine cervical carcinoma].

Fifty-four patients with primary carcinoma of the cervix were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Different pulse sequences with T1 and T2 weighting were employed to determine optimum tissue contrast. The tumor had a uniform signal intensity similar to the myometrium on the T1 weighted image. In contrast, the tumor signal intensity increased on the T2 weighted image. In our series the primary tumor was clearly defined in nine of twenty patients with stage 0 and I disease and thirty-three of thirty-four patients with stage II, III and IV disease. In addition, the primary tumor was clearly defined in four patients who had unsatisfactory colposcopic findings (UCF). Parametrial invasion of the tumor was well depicted on transverse planes in four of twelve sides with stage IIb disease and twenty-eight of thirty-four sides with stage III and IV disease. T1 weighted images provided excellent tissue contrast between the high signal from pelvic fat and the low intensity of tumor tissue enabling demonstration of involvement of the pelvic side wall. Vaginal invasion was also clearly seen on T2 weighted sagittal images in seventeen of twenty-six patients. In conclusion, MRI is not only useful but is also a non-invasive method of detecting primary tumor and extra-uterine extension of cervical carcinoma.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study on brain perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass].

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum cerebral perfusion flow rate and pressure of the selective cerebral perfusion. Blood flows of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid artery in 34 patients were continuously monitored by means of electromagnetic flow meter during cardiac operations. Radial and common carotid arterial pressure were monitored simultaneously. Arterial and internal jugular venous blood were sampled and cerebral oxygen consumption was calculated. During steady state hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), mean cerebral perfusion flow was about 600 ml/min at CPB flow of 2.4 L/min/m2. Cerebral oxygen consumption was decreased to 50% of the prebypass level during steady state hypothermic CPB and then it returned to prebypass level after CPB. Common carotid arterial pressure was about 10 mmHg lower than radial arterial pressure during CPB. When CPB flow was remained at 2.4 L/min/m2, left common carotid arterial flow was not affected by common carotid arterial pressure within the range of 40 to 80 mmHg. Cerebral autoregulation might be preserved at this pressure level of the common carotid artery. When CPB flow was reduced from 2.4 L/min/m2, cerebral oxygen consumption was remained constant level until the flow reached to 1.6 L/min/m2, at which cerebral perfusion flow was about 400 ml/min. Data suggest that optimum cerebral perfusion flow during the selective cerebral perfusion may be about 600 ml/min although cerebral oxygen consumption was maintained when cerebral perfusion flow was reduced to 400 ml/min. Optimum cerebral perfusion pressure was 40-80 mmHg of carotid arterial pressure and when monitored in radial artery, more than 10 mmHg higher pressure should be required.

Aged↗