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Biomedical subjects

M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Therapeutic effect of a low dosage of human leukocyte interferon on chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

A low dosage of human leukocyte interferon was intramuscularly given to 47 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive chronic active hepatitis once a week for 4 consecutive weeks (10 X 10(5), 5 X 10(5), 2 X 10(5) and 1 X 10(5) U). After treatment, a reduction of serum HBsAg was observed in 26 patients; 3 of them showed no serum HBsAg and 1 of the 3 appeared to produce antibody to HBsAg. 31 of 34 patients investigated showed a significant decrease in Dane particle-associated DNA-polymerase activity (p less than 0.001). Among 17 patients positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), 10 of them seroconverted to anti-HBe. Serum transaminase levels also significantly improved in 34 of 38 patients (p less than 0.001). Our findings indicate that a low dosage of human leukocyte interferon such as 18 X 10(5) U, administered in progressively decreasing doses, may be effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Protective effect of gabexate mesilate against experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats.

Experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be induced by 4 h sustained infusion of endotoxin at a dose of 100 mg/kg in rats. The experimental model of DIC in rats was used to study the preventive effect of gabexate mesilate (GM) against DIC. Before the infusion of endotoxin, 10(-6), 10(-3), 1, 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg of GM was injected intraperitoneally. The preventive effects against DIC were noted in all the parameters, such as fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products, fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, and the number of renal glomeruli with fibrin thrombi, in rats treated with 1, 10 or 50 mg/kg of GM. From these results it was shown that GM inhibited the aggravation of endotoxin-induced experimental DIC in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Prevention by methylprednisolone of disseminated intravascular coagulation induced by sustained infusion of endotoxin in rats.

An experimental model of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) could be induced by a sustained infusion of 100 mg/kg of endotoxin for 4 h. Using this experimental model of DIC, the preventive effect of methylprednisolone against DIC was examined. Rats were injected with methylprednisolone at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 or 30.0 mg/kg i.p., and thereafter infused continuously with 100 mg/kg/4 h of endotoxin. When compared with rats given no methylprednisolone, the significant prevention was noted in parameters, such as fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products, fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, and the formation of fibrin thrombi in the glomeruli, in rats pretreated with 1.0, 10.0 or 30.0 mg/kg of methylprednisolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of FUT-175, a new synthetic protease inhibitor on endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats.

The effects of FUT-175 (6-amidino-2-naphthyl-4-guanidino benzoate-dimethanesulfonate), a new synthetic protease inhibitor, on endotoxin-induced experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were studied in rats. Experimental DIC was induced by a 4-hour sustained infusion of endotoxin at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The rats were infused continuously with FUT-175 at 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 or 10.0 mg/kg into a femoral vein for 4 h. Simultaneously with the agent infusion, endotoxin (100 mg/kg/4 h) was administered into the contralateral femoral vein. A protective effect against DIC was noted in the rats treated with 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg of FUT-175 in the following parameters: fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products, fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count and the number of renal glomeruli with fibrin thrombi. These results demonstrated that FUT-175 reduces the extent of changes of the coagulation parameters caused by DIC.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Glucagon binding autoantibodies in a patient with hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole.

A 47-yr-old woman who had previously received methimazole (MMI) treatment for hyperthyroidism was found to have glucagon binding autoantibodies in plasma. She had never received glucagon. The binding substances were detected in plasma at the time of a glucagon RIA. [125I]Glucagon binding was inhibited only by porcine glucagon and porcine glicentin, and dissociated at acid pH. The substances proved to be glucagon binding antibodies (immunoglobulin G, L-chain K-type), as determined by ammonium sulfate and radioprecipitation. There were no clinical manifestations related the presence of these autoantibodies. In a survey of 91 patients with thyroid disease, 3 patients whose plasma bound [125I]glucagon were identified among 41 with hyperthyroidism who were receiving MMI treatment. Such binding was not found in plasma from untreated hyperthyroid patients, those receiving propylthiouracil or those with chronic thyroiditis. These findings suggest that the development of glucagon antibodies in hyperthyroidism may be associated with MMI treatment.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1983

The role of the renal kallikrein-kinin system in sodium metabolism in normal and low renin essential hypertension.

In order to investigate the pathophysiological role of the renal kallikrein-kinin system in renin subgroups of essential hypertension, the quantity and activity of urinary kallikrein, urinary kinin excretion, and correlations of kallikrein and kinin excretions with renal sodium handling in the renal tubules were studied in 17 normal subjects, 23 patients with normal renin and 12 patients with low renin essential hypertension. Urine samples were collected by the 2-hour clearance method in the early morning. The quantity and activity of urinary kallikrein, and the urinary excretion of kinin were significantly lower in both low and normal renin patients than in normal subjects. Comparing the normal renin and the low renin group, no significant difference was found in the quantity of urinary kallikrein, while the activity of urinary kallikrein and urinary kinin excretion were significantly lower in low renin patients than in normal renin ones. Fractional excretions of sodium (FENa) and inorganic phosphorus (FEP), which reflect renal tubular and proximal tubular sodium reabsorption, respectively, were significantly lower in the low renin patients than in the normal renin ones. A significantly positive correlation was observed between the urinary kallikrein activity or urinary kinin excretion and FENa or FEP in both normal subjects and normal renin patients, but not in low renin patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effects of zopiclone and benzodiazepines on spinal reflexes, anemic decerebrate rigidity and benzodiazepine binding.

Whether or not zopiclone, a new sleep-inducing drug, exerted a similar effect to that of benzodiazepines was examined. The drug inhibited crossed extensor reflexes in chicks and augmented the dorsal root-dorsal root reflexes in rats without affecting the mono- and polysynaptic reflexes. The site of its action was considered to be located in the spinal cord since the effect on the dorsal root reflex was observed also in the spinal rats. Zopiclone selectively reduced the phasic responses of anemic decerebrate rigidity like benzodiazepines in rats. Despite the structural difference from the benzodiazepines, zopiclone dose-dependently inhibited [3H]flunitrazepam binding in rat brain membranes, although the potency was weaker. These results suggested that zopiclone exerts CNS actions via benzodiazepine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Influence of carbidopa, an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, on the development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in NZB mice.

Causal relationships of carbidopa and its related drugs on the development of spontaneous autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in NZB mice were studied, and the following results were obtained: 1) Long term treatment with carbidopa (3 mg/kg/day) and levodopa (30 mg/kg/day) neither accelerated nor suppressed the development of spontaneous AIHA in NZB mice. 2) In mice treated with carbidopa/levodopa (3/30 mg/kg/day), microhematocrit levels were lower than those in the control mice on and after 20 weeks of age and showed a significant decrease at 66 weeks of age (P less than 0.05). The average anti-RBC antibody titers reached the maximum level 8 weeks earlier than the control group. 3) Microhematocrit levels in the alpha-methyldopa (60 mg/kg/day)-treated group were higher than those in the control group, and at 66 weeks of age, they were decreased below that in the control group. The elevation of anti-RBC antibody titers was slower than that in the control group. As the reason for the weak effectiveness of alpha-methyldopa on the incidence of AIHA, it might be considered that the dosage employed was not sufficiently high enough and/or it may be due to the species difference between man and animals. Further studies are necessary in order to draw a conclusion on the AIHA-inducing ability of carbidopa.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1983

Immunological specificity and biological action of biliary glucagon-like substance in the rabbit.

A glucagon-like substance named biliary IRG2000 whose molecular weight is approximately 2,000 was isolated by gel filtration from rabbit bile. This substance showed a strong crossreactivity as equivalent to 25.7 +/- 5.1 ng/ml of porcine glucagon in RIA with antiserum 30K specificity. Biliary IRG2000 brought about a significant increase and delayed the response of blood glucose level in coexistence with porcine glucagon, though it has no appreciable effect on the glucose level when administered singly to the mouse intraperitoneally. The response with the coexistence of these materials was far greater than when porcine glucagon was given alone. In Mortimore's type rat liver perfusion, a significant rise in glucose concentration in effluent was also observed when a mixture of biliary IRG2000 and porcine glucagon was perfused. The rate of 125I-glucagon degradation was found delayed in the presence of biliary IRG2000 when examined in the rat. Thus the increase and delayed response of glucose level in coexistence of porcine glucagon with biliary IRG2000 may be explained by a suppressive effect of glucagon degradation due to biliary IRG2000.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Proposal of the diabetic diet load test (DLT) as a new diagnostic.

The diet loading test (DLT), which measures the change in the blood sugar (BS) level after a loading diabetic diet (5 units = 400 kcal, including 50 g of carbohydrate), has been devised as a new diagnostic for diabetes. Twenty-seven and 253 patients classified as borderline type (G-B) and diabetic type (G-DM), respectively, from the results of 50 g-OGTT (GTT) were subjected to DLT to evaluate its clinical usefulness. Diagnostic criteria of DLT were established from the BS levels (mean +/- 2S.D.) in 46 normals as follows: normal type (D-N), lower than 100 mg/100 ml at baseline and than 120 mg/100 ml both 1 and 2 hr after loading; diabetic type (D-DM), higher than 120 mg/100 ml at both 1 and 2 hr; borderline type (D-B), neither of these patterns. According to these criteria, 253 patients of G-DM were divided into 249 D-DM and 4 D-B; 27 G-B were subclassified into 3 groups: 7 D-N (all of them were above 70 years old), 13 D-B and 7 D-DM (all of them were in a remission stage of diabetes). Furthermore, the results of DLT were more closely correlated with HbA1 levels, the daily profile of BS and the degree of retinopathy than those of GTT. The reproducibility of DLT was also better than that of GTT. In conclusion, DLT is a new system which makes it possible to differentiate physiological glucose intolerance in the aged and in patients in a remission state of diabetes from borderline cases diagnosed with GTT. Furthermore, it was proved that a better correlation existed between the state of BS control and the results of DLT than those of GTT. The usefulness of DLT in a population survey was also proved.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Value of computed tomography for radiation therapy of tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

The role of computed tomography (CT) in connection with irradiation was evaluated in 60 patients with malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The extent of the tumors was well demonstrated at CT. The infratemporal fossa was involved in 33 patients, extension to the intracranial cavity was found in 6, and in 16 extension to the contralateral side. Such information is of great help in radiation treatment planning. On the other hand, CT was less valuable for evaluating the effect of radiation therapy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of carbapenems related to C-19393 H2.

By applying the synthetic process reported in our previous paper, we synthesized new carbapenems having various (substituted) thio and alkoxy groups at the C(3) position and 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl and analogous groups at the C(6) position with cis- and trans-stereochemistry; the in vitro antibacterial and beta-lactamase inhibitory activities of these new carbapenems were examined. Compared to C-19393 H2, some of these compounds (e.g., 11A-a-3 approximately 5) showed improved in vitro antibacterial activity especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa; they showed a strong beta-lactamase inhibitory activity as well. Two noteworthy effects of substituent variation at the C(6) position on the activities were observed: 1) the trans-configuration caused a definite loss; and 2) introduction of 1-hydroxycyclobutyl and 1-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl groups in place of the 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl group caused a diminution. The carbapenem (13A-a-2) with an alkoxy group at the C(3) position had a marked decrease in activity compared to the corresponding thio-substituted carbapenem (11A-a-12).

Indicators and Reagents↗
PubMed1983

[Transitory abnormal myelopoiesis of the monoblastic form in a newborn infant with Down's syndrome and liver cirrhosis].

A case of 5-day old newborn infant with trisomy 21, who presented a leucocytosis (151 000/ml) with 60% of monoblasts and marked hepatosplenomegaly is reported. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) was retained. TAM regressed spontaneously. However the baby died at the age of 50 days. The autopsy showed extramedullary hematopoiesis with marked monocytosis and liver cirrhosis of neonatal hepatitic origin. The pathogenesis of TAM in this case was discussed.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1983

Lipid peroxidation in rat adjuvant arthritis and its inhibition by indomethacin.

Adjuvant arthritis was induced in rats by the injection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and its severity was scored according to the macroscopic findings of the legs, tails, and ears. The average score so obtained was lower when the rats also received indomethacin (1.5 mg/kg/day). The depression of the albumin/globulin ratio was inhibited significantly by the administration of indomethacin. The levels of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were elevated after the injection of an adjuvant, but they decreased to some extent in rats administered indomethacin. The levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive substances in the sera and synovia were elevated at 2 weeks after the injection of adjuvant and decreased thereafter. In rats administered 1.5 mg/kg of indomethacin, the increase in both serum and synovial levels of TBA reactants was inhibited significantly. These observations suggest that the aggravation of adjuvant arthritis may be associated with lipid peroxidation and that indomethacin may, in part, exert its anti-inflammatory effect by preventing lipid peroxide-induced damage of the synovial membrane.

Acid Phosphatase↗