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Biomedical subjects

M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of bronchobronchiolitis obliterans with Castleman's lymphoma].

The aim of this paper is to report a very rare case of bronchobronchiolitis obliterans accompanied by mesenteric Castleman's lymphoma. A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with progressive exertional dyspnea. Chest radiography showed overinflated lungs suggesting emphysema and pulmonary function tests revealed severely restrictive as well as obstructive impairments. Selective alveolobronchogram and endoscopy using a thin fiberoptic bronchoscope (3 mm in diameter) demonstrated multiple obstructions of small bronchi. Using a biopsy forceps, a small piece of tissue of bronchial wall was obtained from the focus of obstructive change, which showed histologically nonspecific inflammatory change including granulation. Therefore, we diagnosed her disease as bronchobronchiolitis obliterans (BBO). In addition, she had a large abdominal mass. On operation, it was found to be located in the mesenterium. It was then removed and the histological examination revealed Castleman's lymphoma, hyaline-vascular type. After operation, the blood IgM level, which was high on admission decreased rapidly and her dyspnea was reduced, suggesting that Castleman's lymphoma was related to the pathogenesis of her respiratory disease.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans↗
PubMed1989

The lateral approach compared with the volar approach for exposure of the hook of the hamate.

Two cases of delayed union of the hook of the hamate were satisfactorily treated by excisional surgery. The volar surgical approach through the palm is common, but to expose the hook some hypothenar muscles and cardinal ligaments must be divided. Care must be taken to avoid injury of the motor and sensory branches of the ulnar nerve that occur close to the hook. The lateral approach between the abductor digiti minimi muscle and the fifth metacarpal bone is easier and less traumatic. This approach is also safer for the ulnar neurovascular bundle, which is protected by volar retraction and the hypothenar muscles. The lateral approach is advantageous unless the injury is complicated by ulnar nerve palsy or flexor tendon injury.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1989

Iontophoresis of 5-fluorouracil into the conjunctiva and sclera.

It was investigated in the rabbit eye whether the method of iontophoresis could introduce a sufficient amount of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to inhibit fibroblast proliferation into the conjunctiva and sclera, thus considerably reducing the total amount of 5-FU which must be given to the eye. Five-FU was introduced with a simple apparatus which was filled with 5% 5-FU solution and connected to the negative pole of a current source. When the apparatus was placed over the cornea, the 5-FU penetration into the cornea showed a correlation with strength of current (0-0.75 mA). When the apparatus was placed over the bulbar conjunctiva, a sufficient amount of 5-FU to inhibit fibroblast proliferation was introduced into the conjunctiva and sclera with a current of 0.5 mA passed for 30 seconds. Immediately after iontophoresis, mean 5-FU concentrations in the conjunctiva and sclera at the iontophoresis site were 480 and 168 micrograms/g, respectively. They decreased to 0.6 and 1.2 micrograms/g by 10 hr, but were still above the reported ID50 levels for the cultured conjunctival fibroblast. On the other hand, the total amount of 5-FU introduced into the eye averaged only 3.7 micrograms and the current used was much lower than that formerly applied to the patient's cornea.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on the regulation mechanism for sympathetic nervous system activity--using hypothalamic obese mice].

This study was designed to clarify the role of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in the regulation mechanism of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. In obese mice with chemically destroyed VMH, norepinephrine (NE) turnover, which is a reliable indicator of SNS activity, was measured in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) and heart using inhibition of NE biosynthesis with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine; the core temperature was also measured. Two types of hypothalamic obese mice (monosodium glutamate (MSG)-treated mice and gold thioglucose (GTG)-treated mice) were used under two diverse conditions: overfeeding and acute cold exposure. The former was performed via sucrose addition, and the latter was carried out at 6 degrees C in two groups of obese mice and their controls. A comparison between the overfed mice and those fasted for 48 hours revealed that the fasted normal controls showed significantly lower core temperatures and significantly decreased NE turnover in the IBAT and heart as compared with the overfed normal controls, while no significant differences were observed between overfed and fasting obese mice in core temperature or NE turnover. Another comparison disclosed that the core temperatures were significantly lowered and NE turnover in both organs increased significantly after cold exposure in two obese groups and their normal controls, though there were no noticeable differences between the MSG- or GTG-treated mice and their controls. These results indicate that the VMH is a center of SNS for response to feeding but not for response to cold.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1988

Concentration change of fluorouracil in the external segment of the eye after subconjunctival injection.

Five milligrams of fluorouracil was injected subconjunctivally in the rabbit eye, and its concentration changes in the cornea, aqueous humor, and conjunctiva and sclera (both at the injection site and 180 degrees away from it) were determined by microbiological assay. The fluorouracil concentrations in the cornea and the aqueous humor averaged about 20 micrograms/g at one hour. The former decreased to 0.5 micrograms/g at 24 hours, while the latter was 0.03 micrograms/g at ten hours or later. At five hours, the fluorouracil concentrations in the conjunctiva and sclera at the injection site were similar to those 180 degrees away from it, both averaging about 2 micrograms/g. They decreased to 0.3 through 0.9 micrograms/g at 24 hours. The fluorouracil concentrations in the cornea, conjunctiva, and sclera at 24 hours were still above the reported 50% inhibition levels for the cultured conjunctival fibroblast. These findings have potential clinical implications for the safe use of fluorouracil.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A case of Vibrio vulnificus infection.

Vibrio vulnificus, a recently described strain of the halophilic Vibrio species, was isolated from the blood of a 73-year-old man, who developed rapidly progressive wound infection and fatal septicemia. Twenty-one patients with Vibrio vulnificus infection have been reported in the Japanese literature. Vibrio vulnificus most frequently causes primary septicemia and necrotising cellulitis after the eating of raw fish or shellfish or after exposure to seawater. The infection is characterized by its occurring during the warm months of the year, in patients with underlying diseases, especially liver diseases, and the mortality rate is surprisingly high. Clinicians should therefore consider the possibility of Vibrio vulnificus infection in the differential diagnosis of severe wound infections. Early surgical intervention and intensive antibiotic therapy are recommended for preventing the progress of the septicemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Esophageal candidiasis.

Among 3,501 individuals receiving endoscopic examination for the upper digestive tract, 41 were found to have esophageal candidiasis including 17 malignancies, 14 immunological disorders, 4 diabetes mellitus, 7 other underlying diseases and 7 apparently healthy subjects. The diagnosis was made either by brushing of the esophagus or by histological examination of the biopsied specimen. Systemic invasion of fungi was observed mainly in patients with malignancy involving the hematopoietic system, and most of them had been treated by corticosteroids, antibiotics or anticancer agents. Although complications associated with esophageal candidiasis are rare, it is emphasized that those patients with malignancy as well as impared immunity should be carefully examined for esophageal candidiasis, in order to prevent the fungi from developing invasive candidiasis. It should be noted that a few cases of gastric ulcer treated by H2 blocker revealed esophageal candidiasis, suggesting that decrease of gastric acidity might be one of the factors involved in this pathological condition.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1988

gamma-Aminobutyric acid in synovial membrane of rat knee joint.

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) content was measured, and the release of GABA was studied in the synovial membrane of the rat knee joint. GABA content of the synovial membrane was 20.1 nmol/g tissue. Ten days after unilateral dissection of the sciatic nerve, femoral nerve or both nerves, the GABA contents of the ipsilateral membrane were 13.8, 14.6 and 7.8 nmol/g tissue, respectively. High K+ evoked the Ca2+-dependent release of [3H] GABA from the synovial membranes of intact rats preloaded with [3H] GABA, but did not evoke release from the membrane ipsilateral to the dissection of both sciatic and femoral nerves. Evoked release of [3H] GABA was obtained in the synovial membrane preloaded with [3H] GABA in the presence of beta-alanine, but not in the presence of 2,4-L-diaminobutyric acid. These results indicate that GABA is present in the neuronal elements of the synovial membrane of the rat knee joint.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic factors of stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the head and neck: the value of the working formulation and need for chemotherapy.

From 1966 through 1984, 142 patients with early stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck were treated. Histologic slides were reviewed and reclassified according to Rappaport's classification and the Working Formulation. Patients were clinically staged; 82 Stage I, and 60 Stage II. Five-year freedom from relapse was 53% for Stage I and 48% for Stage II patients with no statistically significant difference. No patients with favorable histologies of Rappaport's classification or low grade malignancy of the Working Formulation relapsed. By univariate analyses, stage, primary site, the Working Formulation, Rappaport's classification, extent of radiation field, radiation dose, tumor bulkiness and addition of multiple-agent chemotherapy seemed to be prognostic factors for predicting relapse. Multivariate regression analyses (MVA) showed primary site and multiple-agent chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. Tumor bulkiness provided marginal prognostic significance. Waldeyer's ring lymphomas fared better than nodal or extralymphatic lymphomas; it seems necessary to report Waldeyer's ring lymphomas independently from nodal or extralymphatic lymphomas. Patients receiving more than 3 chemotherapeutic agents had better prognosis than those receiving 3 or less agents, or no chemotherapy. Pathologic grade was another prognostic factor when the Working Formulation was used in MVA. When Rappaport's classification was used, division of unfavorable histologies into histiocytic and non-histiocytic groups provided only marginal significance in MVA. We conclude that Stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the head and neck with favorable histologies of Rappaport's classification or low grade malignancy of the Working Formulation be treated with radiation therapy only; and patients with other histologies should be treated with multiple-agent chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Immunological detection of 22K protein in sporulating cells of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 12872.

The synthesis and deposition of 22,000-dalton (22K) spore coat protein were examined immunochemically on the sporulating cells of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 12872 using the antibody to purified 22K spore coat protein. This antibody cross-reacted with 44K and 25K proteins in immunoblot analysis of dormant spore coat proteins. Immunoblot analysis on the sporulating cells showed that 22K protein was detected from t8 in forespore coat protein fractions. Sandwich enzyme immunoassay revealed that 22K protein in the spore coat protein fraction appeared at t6 and reached a plateau at t9, and 22K protein in the mother cell cytoplasmic fraction was detected at only t7 and t8 at a very low level.

Bacillus megaterium↗
PubMed1988

Experimental chronic pulmonary infection in mice caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Examination of mouse strain differences in susceptibility to experimental respiratory tract infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae 27 revealed that a chronic pulmonary infection model could be established using CBA/J mice. After 6 X 10(5) colony-forming units of K. pneumoniae 27 were inoculated into the lung, the bacterial counts in the lungs changed with time showing four different phases: initial decrease, regrowth, steady-state, and final increase leading to death. Throughout the course of the infection, the challenge bacteria were isolated mainly from the respiratory organs. Pulmonary gross lesions appeared on day 2 after infection and persisted thereafter. Lobar consolidation was the primary lesion and occurred mainly in the anterior and middle lobes of the right lung, and the median lobe. Mice began to die from 4 weeks after aerosol exposure. This model may be useful for investigating the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary infection by Klebsiella and its therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and characterization of outermost layer deficient mutant spores of Bacillus megaterium.

Outermost layer deficient mutant spores of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 12872 were isolated by Urografin density gradient centrifugation after mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate. Although the composition of the cortex peptidoglycan was the same as that of the parent spores, three major proteins (48, 36, and 22 K daltons) were missing, suggesting that these proteins are components of the outermost layer. All mutant spores were also found to have very hydrophobic surface by 'salt aggregation test,' which would facilitate selection of such mutants.

Bacillus megaterium↗