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Biomedical subjects

M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Caffeine activates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic rate in mice.

To clarify the effect of caffeine on brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, we measured guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding, a thermogenic indicator of BAT, and oxygen consumption in BAT mitochondria as well as BAT temperature and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in mice. Intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (60 mg/kg) significantly elevated BAT temperature with less effect on core temperature, and increased significantly GDP binding and oxygen consumption in BAT mitochondria, and RMR. These results suggest that caffeine activates BAT thermogenesis, which may contribute to the increase of RMR.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1990

Mitigation of obesity by BRL 26830A, a new beta-adrenoceptor agonist, in MSG obese mice.

Half of the mice in both the monosodium-L-glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity and saline control groups were given BRL 26830A via a gastric tube at a daily dose of 5 mg/kg for 2 weeks, and the other half given distilled water. BRL 26830A administration significantly increased guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP)-binding in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the resting metabolic rate (RMR), and significantly reduced retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (WAT) pads in both groups. It also markedly reduced body weight in MSG obese mice that had reduced BAT thermogenesis and decreased RMR. However, food intake was unchanged in both groups. Neither beta 1- nor beta 2-selective antagonists affected the increase of RMR induced by BRL 26830A, but a non-selective beta-antagonist completely inhibited its increase. These results suggest that BRL 26830A, which is a new beta-adrenoceptor agonist, stimulates BAT thermogenesis, increases RMR, and reduces WAT, thus contributing to the mitigation of obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Spore-spheroplast transformation of Bacillus megaterium].

A new method for transformation of Bacillus megaterium was developed by modification of Chang and Cohen's method. In our method, spore spheroplasts were used as recipient cells instead of the protoplasts of vegetative cells. Longer incubation (60 min) of spore spheroplasts and plasmid DNA before treatment with polyethylene glycol remarkably increased the efficiency of transformation. The frequency of transformation was about 10(4) per microgram of plasmid DNA. A shot-gun-type cloning of chromosome DNA of B. megaterium ATCC 12872 was available in B. megaterium ATCC 19213 strain by this transformation method.

Bacillus megaterium↗
PubMed1990

The effect of various treatments on composite materials in bonding with resin cements.

The present study investigated the influence of surface treatments of composite materials using 6% hydrofluoric acid or 2% acidulated phosphate fluoride, the influence of the application of a bonding agent to the surface, and the influence of incremental curing of composite materials on the shear bonding strength between composite materials and resin cements. These results were studied statistically by analyzing variances in three-way classification and by their contributory ratios. The effects of hydrofluoric acids or acidulated phosphate fluorides on the treated surfaces of composite materials, and also the interfaces between composite materials and resin cements were further examined by mean of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Unlike the controls, surfaces of all specimens treated with hydrofluoric acid or fluoride revealed micro-porous surfaces, but the effect of the surface treatment on the bonding strength was not equal for all the composite materials tested. The application of a bonding agent influenced some composite material, but the incremental curing of composite materials had no influence on bonding with resin cements.

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed1990

[Study on the porcelain veneer restoration. 3. Effect of various treatments of porcelain surface on the bonding strength at porcelain-resin interface].

In a previous report, observations were made on the apporopriate concentrations of hydrofluoric acid and durations of application in treating porcelain surfaces to improve the bonding strength at the porcelain-resin interface. Particular concentrations and durations were found, such as 4%, 6 min. for Supper Porcelain AAA, 8%, 6 min. for VMK 68, and 6%, 3 min. for Cosmotech Porcelain, and it was clearly shown that hydrofluoric acid treatment was the most effective treatment for porcelain-resin micro-mechanical bonding. However, because of its strong corrosive action, the use of hydrofluoric acid is very dangerous, and it must be handled with extreme care even in the laboratory. Accordingly, there is a need to find a safer and more effective way of treating porcelain surfaces, particularly in the field of interoral repairs to fractured porcelain restoratives by means of porcelain-resin micro-mechanical bonding. In the present study, 2% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), which corrodes the surface of porcelain restoratives, PorceLock (PL), which is a 2.5% buffered hydrofluoric acid made by DenMat Co. and a 6% hydrofluoric acid (HF) preparations were applied to the surface of porcelain specimens and the resulting effects on treated porcelain surfaces were examined by means of SEM observations and shear bonding strength tests. The following results were obtained: 1. In comparison with control specimens which were not treated with any acids or fluoride, a much higher bonding strength at the porcelain-resin interface was obtained in the specimens treated with 2% APF, PL and 6% HF. 2. Regarding to SEM observations, both of the specimens treated 6% HF or PL showed extremely micro-porous surfaces.2+ surfaces of the

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed1990

[An autopsy report of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the left atrium and a review of the pertinent literature].

A 30-year-old male complaining of fever was admitted to hospital and a diagnosis of a malignant, fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) was established after a biopsy examination. Antitumor chemotherapy and Co60 irradiation was initiated. The patient, however, suddenly died of cardiac arrest 9 months after admission. The autopsy revealed a polypoid, yellow-white tumor (5 cm in diameter) arising from the antero-lateral wall of the left atrium and occupying the chamber. Twenty-two cases of MFH (21 previous reports and 1 current case) arising from the heart are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The follow-up of trophoblastic disease by using an hCG-CTP enzyme immunoassay].

In the management of a chorionic disease, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is the most reliable tumor marker. However, hCG has a low titer, so that it cannot be strictly distinguished from the human luteinizing hormone (hLH) by the traditional method that uses a hemagglutinin reaction (HAR) or by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). Recently, however, the detection of the beta-COOH-terminal peptide of hCG (hCG-CTP) by an enzyme immunoassay has made it possible to clearly distinguish hCG from hLH, and from April, 1987 to December, 1989, 13 trophoblastic diseases have been managed using this new technique. Results have shown that human chorionic gonadotropin-CTP, when compared to other methods of measurement, is the most sensitive tumor marker and as it is the most accurate, it should be used in careful follow-up observations of a chorionic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case report of an acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB M1) with Klinefelter's syndrome].

Reported is the second documented case in Japan of acute leukemia with Klinefelter's syndrome. The patient, a 52-year-old male, was admitted to hospital on July 9, 1983, after complaining of a fever and general malaise. The hematological examinations revealed a WBC count of 14,300/cmm with 32% being leukemic cells. Bone marrow aspiration disclosed a nucleated cell count of 687,000/cmm with 41.6% being leukemic cells consisting of myeloblasts. The endocrinic laboratory data showed a high level of urine gonadotropin and chromosomal studies revealed a 47,XXY karyotype. A diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia (M1) with Klinefelter's syndrome thus was derived from these findings.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Free radicals in digestive diseases].

Free radicals have recently been implicated in a number of biochemical and chemical reactions in the body. Lipid peroxidation induced by free radical reaction is believed to be one of the major causes of cell damage and injuries in cell membranes. In recent years, reports have appeared citing the contribution of free radicals and active oxygen species in the etiology of various digestive diseases. For example, gastric mucosal injuries and the increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the gastric mucosa induced by ischemia or ischemia/reperfusion were significantly inhibited by treatment with superoxide dismutase and catalase. It has been suggested that superoxide radical or hydroxyl radical may be the major oxygen radicals contributing to ischemia or ischemia/reperfusion injury in the stomach, small intestine, and liver. There reactive species can attack and damage important biological molecules. Within cellular membranes, hydroxyl radical can initiate a free radical chain reaction known as lipid peroxidation, in which polyunsaturated fatty acids are broken down into water soluble products and toxic lipid peroxides are produced with the consequent destruction of membrane integrity. The major source of active oxygen species produced after ischemia or ischemia/reperfusion seems to be the enzymatic xanthine oxidase and activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). In the large intestine which has little activity in xanthine oxidase, PMNs are a more important source of active oxygen species and play a role in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases. The above information suggests that oxygen-derived free radicals are involved in the fundamental mechanism of tissue injury in various disorders of the digestive system.

Digestive System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[One-year remission of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after discontinuation of interferon-alpha].

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on Nov. 16, 1987, because of general fatigue. On admission, she had hepatosplenomegaly and her peripheral blood profile showed a white blood cell count (WBC) of 309 x 10(3)/microliters with immature neutrophils, a hemoglobin level (Hb) of 7.6 g/dl, platelet count (PLT) of 536 x 10(3)/microliters, neutrophilic alkaline phosphatase (NAP) score of 44. Both Vitamin B12 and LDH levels were high. The bone marrow showed marked myeloid hyperplasia. In a cytogenetic study, Ph1 was found in 3 of 8 metaphases and Ph1 with an additional abnormality of 8 trisomy was noted in 5 of 8 metaphases. She was diagnosed as having chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and treated by i.m. injection of interferon (IFN)-alpha at a daily dose of 6 x 10(6) U. Administration of IFN-alpha induced fever for a few days. WBC, PLT count and LDH level gradually decreased, and the NAP score and hepatosplenomegaly improved. She achieved remission in February, 1988. Administration of IFN-alpha was stopped in April, 1988, when the bone marrow showed hypocellularity and normal karyotype. She was treated with 20 mg of prednisolone daily from May until August, because of progressive pancytopenia. She had received no treatment until July, 1989. In May, 1989, the bone marrow again showed myeloid hyperplasia and Ph1 was found in all cells analyzed. Therefore, we resumed IFN-alpha treatment. It is interesting that remission of CML continues for more than one year after discontinuation of IFN-alpha in this case.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Effects of the new centrally acting muscle relaxant 7-chloro-N,N,3-trimethylbenzo[b]furan-2-carboxamide on motor and central nervous systems in rats.

Effects of KW-6629 (7-chloro-N,N,3-trimethylbenzo[b]furan-2-carboxamide) were studied with special reference to the effect on motor and central nervous systems using rats. The drug effectively reduced the motor coordination (rotarod), the anemic decerebrate rigidity, the crossed extensor reflex, and the gamma-activity indirectly recorded from muscle afferent discharges without showing the direct inhibitory effect on muscle spindles. KW-6629 depressed the polysynaptic and dorsal root reflexes without showing marked effect on the monosynaptic reflex in intact spinal cord rats. KW-6629 produced high-amplitude slow wave in the cerebral cortex in electroencephalogram (EEG). KW-6629 did not reduce the EEG after-discharges and behavioral convulsion (amygdaloid kindling). KW-6629 had no effect on the neuromuscular junction. These results suggest that KW-6629 is a centrally acting muscle relaxant which has a site of action in supraspinal structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A simplified method for the assessment of C1 esterase inhibitor function].

From the result that the activated form of C1-s(C1-s) prolonged the kinetics of hemolysis via complement, this assay was applied to assess C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH) function. In the kinetic assay, the complement hemolytic activity was evaluated by the time which required to cause 50% reduction of the initial turbidity of sensitized sheep erythrocytes, and was expressed as T1/2. (1) T1/2 of pooled normal human sera (p-NHS) showed dose-dependent prolongation by the addition of various amounts of C1-s. (2) Preincubation of various amounts of functionally pure C1INH with the constant amounts of C1-s inhibited dose-dependently the prolongation of T1/2 by C1-s. (3) The C1INH activity of NHS was 840 +/- 80 units/ml (n = 6) and that of the C1INH deficient serum was 80 units/ml, which were calculated from the standard curve established by the addition of various amounts of purified C1INH. This test requiring only C1-s and sensitized sheep erythrocytes is simple technically and high in sensitivity, and seems to be useful for the routine assay for C1INH function of human sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Biochemical and immunochemical characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans metallothioneins I and II induced by cadmium.

Metallothioneins in Caenorhabditis elegans (CeMT-I and II) were purified by the combination of gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Amino acid compositions and amino-terminal sequences of CeMT-I and II were slightly different from those of vertebrate MTs previously reported, although cysteine residue contents were relatively high. Enzyme immunoassay using anti-CeMT-II antibody showed the difference of antigenicity to rat MT-I and II and even to CeMT-I. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the existence of CeMT-II in the intestine and the eggs, suggesting the role of MT in detoxification and homeostasis of heavy metals.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Spinal anesthesia in a patient with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

Transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumor was performed under spinal anesthesia which has been considered to be rather contraindicated in a patient with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Caution was exercised not to compromise myocardial oxygen supply demand ratio. Central venous pressure (CVP) was continuously monitored and crystalloid solution was infused to maintain CVP in pre-anesthetic level, thereby preventing the reduction in arterial pressure. The patient was hemodynamically stable throughout the operation. This case indicates that if adequate preload could be preserved and hypotension avoided, spinal anesthesia may not be precluded in patients with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Measurement of the DNA content in morphologically identified cells on a Wright-Giemsa stained smear].

4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining was applied to measuring nuclear DNA contents of single cells previously identified on a Wright-Giemsa stained smear. The smear was first photographed and the location of each cell was mapped. The smear was then destained with 50% acid ethanol and absolute methanol, and restained with DAPI (pH 7.4) at 4 degrees C. Blue fluorescence was observed in the nucleus, and the intensity of this fluorescence was proportional to the amount of DNA, with the lowest coefficient of variation of 3.6% in the case of staining the peripheral lymphocytes for 30 min. This method is useful for measuring DNA contents in heterogeneous cell populations.

Azure Stains↗