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Biomedical subjects

M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[A study of an automated porphyria diagnosis system using urinary porphyrin profile analysis].

Porphyrins are essential substances for the biosynthesis of heme. Porphyria results from a disorder in the metabolism of porphyrin. Patients suffering from Porphyria exhibit changes in their porphyrin profiles as measured in excretia and organs. A highly sensitive and simple analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for all porphyrin metabolites in urine was established. This method is able to separate porphyrins such as uroporphyrin, carboxylic acid porphyrins of hepta-, hexa-, penta-, and coproporphyrin isomers of I and III in a sample of human urine. In this study, the combination of HPLC with a computer system for automated porphyria diagnosis was investigated. The profile of all urinary porphyrins from patients with various Porphyria were measured by HPLC and diagnosed by the computer diagnostic system. This system enabled the estimation of 5 types of porphyrias with a high accuracy of diagnosis.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1995

Effect of TJ-96, an anti-allergic herbal medicine, on tracheal transepithelial potential difference in vivo.

We studied the effect of Saiboku-to (TJ-96), an anti-allergic herbal medicine, on transepithelial potential difference of rabbit trachea and possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) generation in vivo. Perfusion of TJ-96 on the tracheal mucosal surface increased PD in a concentration-dependent manner, the maximal increase from the baseline level and the concentration of TJ-96 required to produce a half-maximal effect (EC50) being 8.1 +/- 1.4 mV (mean +/- SE, P < 0.001) and 47 micrograms/ml. This effect was abolished by pretreatment with the Na channel blocker amiloride. NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) but not NG-nitro-D-arginine methylester (D-NAME) inhibited TJ-96-induced increase in PD, and this inhibition was selectively reversed by L-arginine. These results suggest that TJ-96 stimulates Na absorption by airway epithelial cells probably through NO generation.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1995

Clinical evaluation of multifocal electroretinogram.

PURPOSE: To compare the multifocal electroretinogram (ERG) system to conventional ganzfeld and focal ERGs obtained from patients with known retinal diseases to assess its clinical applicability. METHODS: A multi-input system analysis was used to explore the field topography of ERG responses to local luminance modulation in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, pericentral pigmentary retinal dystrophy, branch retinal arterial occlusion, or idiopathic macular hole. RESULTS: The dysfunctional areas measured by multifocal ERG were compatible with those assumed by combined findings of ganzfeld and focal ERGs. However, the wave shapes of multifocal ERG in the retina with arterial occlusion differed from those of conventional focal ERG, suggesting that the negative and positive deflections shown in the first-order kernel of multifocal ERG may not correspond to conventional a- and b-waves of ERG. CONCLUSIONS: The multifocal ERG system is available for electroretinographic field mapping at the clinical level.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical phase III study of tropisetron capsule in the treatment of nausea and vomiting induced by anti-cancer drug; a placebo-controlled, multicenter, double-blind comparative study].

A placebo-controlled, double-blind comparative study of tropisetron capsule was conducted to assess its clinical usefulness for nausea and vomiting induced by the anticancer drug, cisplatin, at a single dose of 50 mg/m2 or higher. Either 5mg tropisetron capsule or its placebo was given orally to patients 2 hours prior to cisplatin administration; the clinical efficacy was determined the severity of nausea and the number of emesis that occurred during 24 hours after cisplatin. Tropisetron significantly exceeded the placebo in the assessment of clinical efficacy. The ratings for the tropisetron group and the placebo group were 91.7% (22/24 cases) and 25.9% (7/27 cases), respectively. Adverse events observed were one case of headache in the tropisetron group and one diarrhea in the placebo group, while neither case was serious nor clinically problematic in particular. The above results reveal that tropisetron 5 mg capsule is significantly effective in the treatment of anticancer drug-induced nausea and vomiting. It has also been confirmed that tropisetron is a useful agent without any safety problems.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Prognostic factors in synovial sarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 18 cases.

The prognostic factors for synovial sarcoma were analyzed retrospectively in 18 patients. Variables evaluated for their use in predicting survival included the location of the primary tumor, tumor size, local recurrence, completeness of surgical resection, and histologic subtype. Chemotherapy was not evaluated because the patients received various regimens and/or inadequate doses. Tumor size was the most significant prognostic factor, and a diameter of more than 10 cm was associated with a significantly worse prognosis (risk ratio: 5.38) (P = 0.012). We conclude that complete surgical resection of tumors less than 5 cm in maximum diameter may be curative and that adjuvant chemotherapy may not be necessary for such patients, because the value of chemotherapy for synovial sarcoma is still controversial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Benign monoclonal gammopathy].

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) denotes the presence of a monoclonal protein (M protein) in patients, without evidence of multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, amyloidosis or other related diseases. Differential diagnosis of MGUS from multiple myeloma is difficult in cases of the unusual type of each disease. A serum monoclonal protein concentration of less than 3 g/dl, normal polyclonal immunoglobulin, no or small amount of Bence Jones proteinuria and the infiltration of plasma cells of less than 10% in bone marrow are suggestive of MGUS. In the literature, about 25% of the MGUS have developed multiple myeloma or related diseases in a long term follow-up. This fact calls our attention to the management of MGUS.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

[Anterior chamber inflammation after vitrectomy in posterior vitreous membrane syndrome and phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation].

We studied the anterior chamber inflammation with a laser flaremeter after transvitreal membrane peeling surgery for posterior vitreous membrane syndrome and cataract intraocular lens surgery, through separate surgery and combined surgery. In 16 eyes with vitrectomy and membrane peeling, mean flare count had one peak of 11 photons/msec at postoperative days 5 through 7. In 10 eyes with phacoemulsification and aspiration with posterior chamber lens implantation, the mean flare count had two peaks of 11 photons/msec at postoperative day 1 and in postoperative week 2. In 25 eyes with combined surgery of vitrectomy and cataract intraocular lens surgery, the mean flare count was similar to the summation of that of each simple surgery. In these 25 eyes, in 9 eyes with sutures, the mean flare count had two peaks of 37 photons/msec at postoperative day 1 and 27 photons/msec at postoperative week 2, and in 16 eyes with self sealing wounds, the mean flare count had one peak of 22 photons/msec at postoperative week two. In 14 vitrectomized eyes with cataract-intraocular lens surgery, the mean flare count was as high as in combined surgery. In eyes with self sealing wounds, the flare count at postoperative day one was significantly lower than that of sutured eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Serial change of 123I-BMIPP SPECT imaging during recovery from stunned myocardium after acute myocardial infarction--correlation with 201Tl and two-dimensional echocardiography].

Using 123I-beta-methyl iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (123I-BMIPP), we investigated changes in myocardial fatty acid metabolism at recovery from stunned myocardium after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), correlation with recovery of regional wall motion and thallium-201 (201Tl) distribution in particular. The subjects were 15 patients who underwent successful reperfusion therapy after the first onset of AMI. None of the patients had multi-vessel disease or ischemic episode during their clinical course. Patients underwent 123I-BMIPP scintigraphy, 201Tl scintigraphy and two-dimensional echocardiography during the acute and chronic phases. Then, we compared regional wall motion with distribution of 123I-BMIPP and 201Tl. Regional wall motion and SPECT were evaluated by the established 16 segment model. In patients, showing serial improvement in regional wall motion, there was 80.0% (8/10) showed normal 201Tl distribution during the acute phase or normalized during the chronic phase. However, distribution of 123I-BMIPP normalized only in 10.0% (1/10) of this group. In examination of each segment that showed serial improvement in regional wall motion, 92.3% (24/26) of these segments showed normal distribution of 201Tl during the acute phase or normalized distribution during chronic phase, despite distribution of 123I-BMIPP improved in only 3.8% (1/26) of these segments. These indicate that, in the process of recovery from myocardial stunning after AMI, abnormal distribution of 123I-BMIPP continued longer than abnormal distribution of 201Tl.

Decanoic Acids↗
PubMed1995

[A case of acute sensory neuropathy].

We report a 50-year-old man who developed sensory neuropathy of acute onset. It affected position and vibration senses very severely, and superficial sensations mildly. There were athetoid movements of the outstretched left arm when the eyes were closed. The upper limbs were more severely affected than the lower limbs. There was no weakness or atrophy in the limb muscles. Nerve conduction study and somato-sensory evoked potential showed normal function of motor nerves and axonopathy of the sensory nerves. Sural nerve biopsy disclosed fibrosis and marked loss of myelinated fibers, especially of large ones, and many fibers with myelin balls in teased preparations, indicating severe axonopathy. Electronmicroscopy confirmed severe degeneration and loss of myelinated axons with abundant myelin figures in schwann cells. There were no malignancy or other diseases that could cause sensory neuropathy, and he was diagnosed as having acute sensory neuropathy (ASN) of Windebank et al. ASN, a distinct syndrome characterized by axonal type neuropathy, should be segregated from acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinaiting neuropathies although the clinical features and CSF findings look alike.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Replication of a Mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus in a newly established Mamestra brassicae cell line.

A continuous cell line, designated MbL-3, was newly established from minced neonate larvae of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae. This new cell line is heteroploid, containing triploid cells predominantly at the frequency of about 50%. Doubling time of the cell population is 33 hrs. The Akutsu isolate of a Mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus (MbNPV) was examined for replication in 16 continuous cell lines, including the cell line MbL-3, from seven lepidoptera species: Mamestra brassicae, Pseudaletia separata, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella. Of these cell lines, only the MbL-3 cells supported a high replication of the virus. Four other Mamestra cell lines and a P. separata cell line showed a low virus-susceptibility, while the other cell lines were not permissive for the virus infection. Maximum infection rate of MbL-3 cells to the Akutsu isolate was 23.4%. The growth kinetics of this virus isolate in MbL-3 cells showed that the virus was released from infected cells 24 hrs p.i. and reached a maximal titer 96 hrs p.i. The number of polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs) reached a maximum of 10(7.5) PIBs/ml 120 hrs p.i.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Suppressed increase of C3 receptors on polymorphonuclear leukocytes by stimulation with C5a in diabetes mellitus].

This study was undertaken to clarify the susceptibility to infection of patients with diabetes mellitus. The complement system is activated through the classical and/or the alternative pathways to produce many kinds of anaphylatoxins in the inflammatory process. One of the anaphylatoxins, C5a, possesses both the strong biological activity of a chemotactic factor and the increasing effect of CR1 and CR3 expression on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). It is well known that the complement receptors, CR1 and CR3, on PMNs play important roles in the phagocytosis. We studied the changes of the expression of these receptors on PMNs in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus after the stimulation with recombinant human C5a. PMNs from 11 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and 11 normal controls were tested. There was no significant difference of CR1 and CR3 expression on PMNs after the addition of 10 ng/ml C5a between patients with diabetes mellitus and normal controls. However, by the stimulation with 50 ng/ml C5a, the increase of the CR3 expression on PMNs of patients with diabetes mellitus was significantly smaller than normal controls (p < 0.02). The increase of the expression of CR1 on PMNs was not significantly different the two groups. It is suggested that the small increase of the CR3 expression on PMNs by the stimulation with C5a is one of the factors of the susceptibility to infection in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Thermogenic, anti-obesity effects of bofu-tsusho-san in MSG-obese mice.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that anti-obesity action of bofu-tsusho-san (TJ-62) works via activating the brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and inhibiting the phosphodiesterase activity. DESIGN: MSG obese mice and lean controls were fed a diet including 1.4% or 4.7% TJ-62 of weight of food for 8 weeks. Another group of MSG obese mice were fed with 1-ephedrine (1-E) + d-pseudoephedrine (d-PE) of equivalent amounts as contained in TJ-62 (4.7%) for 8 weeks. Yet another group of MSG obese mice were further supplemented with Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) extract + Forsythiae Fructus (FF) extract + Schizonepetae Spica (SS) extract (that inhibited phosphodiesterase activity) of amounts contained in TJ-62 (4.7%) for 8 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: The following were measured: The concentration of ephedrine and its congeners in TJ-62; the inhibitory effect of TJ-62 on phosphodiesterase activity; body weight; food intake; retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RWAT) weight; interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) weight; mitochondrial protein content in IBAT; cytochrome c oxidase activity in IBAT; guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding in IBAT mitochondria. RESULTS: One gram of TJ-62 contained 3.33 mg of 1-E and 0.73 mg of d-PE. One mg of TJ-62 was equivalent to 2.5 mg of caffeine in the inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase activity. After feeding with TJ-62, GDP binding was significantly increased in a dose dependent manner. Body weight and RWAT weight decreased in both MSG obese mice and lean controls. Food intake was not changed by TJ-62. Feeding with 1-E + d-PE produced responses of about 70% of those of TJ-62. These responses were, furthermore, enhanced by the addition of the three extracts to the levels that were similar to those produced by TJ-62. CONCLUSION: Bofu-tsusho-san (TJ-62) works via activating the BAT thermogenesis and inhibiting the phosphodiesterase activity in mice.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

[A case report of variegate porphyria].

We reported a 30-year-old woman with variegate porphyria. Family history disclosed that her mother had the same skin lesions as the present case. She has had repeated vesicles and brownish pigmentation on her upper extremities since eighteen years of age. Recently she was suffering from common cold, and was treated with drugs. One week later, she started to develop weakness and dysesthesia in all limbs, hallucination, and urinary disturbance. Three weeks later, she was admitted to our hospital because she could not stand any more. On general examination, she had brownish pigmentations and crusts in hands and forearms. Neurologically she had moderate weakness, dysesthesia and hyperreflexia in all limbs. Urine was dark-red. Head and cervical MRI was normal. Nerve conduction studies and somatosensory evoked potentials were within normal limits. Excretion of porphyrins, especially protoporphyrin and X-porphyrin in the feces were markedly increased, and the diagnosis of variegate porphyria was made. Intravenous administration of glucose was effective and her symptoms began to improve in two weeks after her admission. However, recovery of weakness took two months and dysesthesia did not disappear in three months. We considered that her clinical manifestations were caused by involvement of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[D dimer].

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Blood Coagulation Disorders↗