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Biomedical subjects

M Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to M Komatsu.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Studies on monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics. V. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)-acetamido]-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-azetidinones having various functional groups at C-4 position of beta-lactam.

The synthesis and antibacterial activity of the 3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)acetamido]-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-azetidinones++ + having various functional groups at C-4 position of beta-lactam are described. These compounds exhibited a strong activity against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria including beta-lactamase-producing strains. Among various C-4 substituents explored, the fluoromethyl and carbamoyloxymethyl moiety were found to increase the activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Radioimmunoassay of an analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, [D-Ser(tBu)]6des-Gly-NH2(10) ethylamide (Buserelin).

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay is described for plasma and urinary levels of [D-Ser(tBu)]6des-Gly-NH2(10) ethylamide (buserelin). No appreciable cross-reaction (less than 0.05%) was observed with LH-RH and its analogs other than buserelin fragments (1.6-45%). The sensitivity was 3 pg per tube. At buserelin concentrations of 125, 250 and 500 pg/ml, the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 7.9, 10.0 and 10.0%, and 19.0, 7.8 and 6.8% respectively. Recovery of buserelin added to plasma was quantitative (62.5 pg/ml, 101.6%; 125 pg/ml, 76.8% and 250 pg/ml, 63.4%). A dose of 5 micrograms buserelin injected subcutaneously into 5 normal male adults, reached a peak plasma level in 45 min (mean value 119.3 +/- 47.3 pg/ml) and remained detectable for at least 4 h. The half disappearance time was 118.8 +/- 26.0 min. Between 9 and 16% of the administered dose was excreted in the urine within 24 h. Buserelin could also be detected in the plasma after intranasal administration of doses of 150, 300 and 450 micrograms. There was a significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC) for plasma levels after subcutaneous injection of 5 micrograms and intranasal administration of 150 micrograms, but not between the AUC values after the three intranasal doses. These results indicate that this method for radioimmunoassay of buserelin is suitable for analyzing the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of buserelin in man.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1985

Effect of serum albumin on free fractions of phenobarbital and valproic acid in patients with convulsive seizures.

The free fractions of phenobarbital and valproic acid were assayed with Free-Level system I (Syva) and by an enzymatic immunoassay technique (EMIT) in 186 patients under chronic anti-convulsant therapy at precisely 2 hrs after they had taken the medicine at breakfast. The free fractions of PB ranged from 49 to 53% in monopharmacy and from 50 to 55% in polypharmacy. Those of VPA ranged from 10 to 12% in monopharmacy and from 8 to 11% in polypharmacy. The regression lines of the free fractions in PB monopharmacy and PB polypharmacy against serum albumin concentration indicated a negative correlation. There was no difference between the free fractions in PB monopharmacy and polypharmacy at the same albumin concentration. The regression lines of the free fractions in VPA monopharmacy and polypharmacy against serum albumin concentration indicated a negative correlation. The free fractions of VPA did not vary under a total VPA concentration of 80 micrograms/ml, while those of VPA above a total VPA concentration of 90 micrograms/ml increased with the total concentration, in the monopharmacy groups. On the other hand, free fractions of VPA in the polypharmacy groups did not vary with the total VPA concentration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[A method for developing hereditary deficiency of complement component in the rabbit].

A two-way selective experiment for total hemolytic complement activity (CH50) was carried out in a colony of New Zealand White rabbits for the purpose of developing hereditary deficiency of complement component and estimating the realized heritability (h2) of CH50. The results obtained were as follows. 1) The mean value of CH50 with a standard error (SE) in 203 adults rabbits was 9.0 +/- 0.2 U/ml, and the range of CH50 was 2 to 18 U/ml. 2) Individual differences of CH50 in rabbits were comparatively stable regardless of time and season. 3) The realized heritability (h2) of CH50 was estimated to approximately 0.3. 4) Two rabbits with a hereditary C8 alpha-gamma deficiency were obtained from a cross between low CH50 individuals (male: 5.9 U/ml X female: 5.6 U/ml). From other crosses (male: 3.2 U/ml X female: 5.6, 5.7 U/ml), five rabbits with a hereditary C6 deficiency were obtained. 5) The frequencies of C8 alpha-gamma and C6 deficient genes in the colony were estimated to at least 0.005, 0.003, respectively. 6) It was suggested that a downward selection for CH50 was a useful method for developing hereditary deficiency of complement component in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Genetic deficiency of the alpha-gamma-subunit of the eighth complement component in the rabbit.

Genetic deficiency of the alpha-gamma-subunit of the eighth complement component (C8 alpha-gamma) was found in a strain of the New Zealand White rabbit. The serum of this deficient rabbit lacked the immunochemical and functional alpha-gamma-subunit of C8. Mating tests indicate that the C8 alpha-gamma deficiency is transmitted as a simple autosomal recessive trait with the following physiologic characteristics. The body weight at the first week of life, mature weight, and litter size of the deficient animals were smaller than those of heterozygous and normal ones. In addition, survival rates for the first 3 mo of life of the deficient animals tended to be lower than those of heterozygous and normal littermates.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Relationship between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and cell count, lactose, chloride, or lactoferrin in cow milk.

Activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was measured in foremilk samples collected from cows. A total of 64 samples were collected from these cows, some of which were affected by mastitis. They were examined for N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity, cell count in whole milk, and milk chloride, lactose, and lactoferrin. The correlation coefficient was .72 between activity and cell count, -.80 between activity and lactose, and .88 between activity and chloride. Therefore, the correlations between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and milk components, chloride and lactose, were larger than that between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and cell count. The correlation coefficient was high (.91) between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and lactoferrin. The N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in cow's milk has potential for diagnosis of mastitis.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗