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Biomedical subjects

M Koch

Publications and source records attributed to M Koch.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Comparison of the efficacy of parenteral and enteral pertussis immunization in the rabbit (author's transl)].

The effects of immunization with inactivated B. pertussis were studied in the rabbit using enteral (oral and via suppositories) and parenteral immunization routes. The rise in agglutinating and complement-binding immunoglobulins in the rabbit serum was about equal following immunization by suppository and parenteral administration, but the demonstration of local immunity (immunoglobulins reacting with B. pertussis in salive) by immunofluorescence methods was observed only in the group immunized with enterally-administered B. pertussis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Preparation of antilymphocytic globulin by means of repeatedly-used immunoadsorbents (author's tranl)].

A method is described for the purification of horse anti-human lymphocyte serum, whereby absorption of haemagglutinating antibodies was performed with human RBC ghosts. These ghosts were repeatedly used after desorption. Desorption was carried out in glycine-HCl buffer solution pH = 3,0. The advantages of this method consist of a reduction in the amount of RBC needed for absorption and the relatively low loss of lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The final product is effective in an in vitro test system and complies with the requirements for human use.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effects of experimental hypovolaemic shock on platelets in the pig (author's transl)].

The effects of standardized blood loss on the platelets, as well as on coagulation, fibrinolysis and complement parameters were studied in the pig. A simultaneous fall in arterial and venous platelet counts was demonstrated during the initial phase of blood loss, with a concomitat rise in pulmonary vascular resistance. After exsanguination to the extent of about 40% of the blood volume, the arterial platelet counts increased significantly, whilst the pulmonary vascular resistance, which was negatively correlated with the arterial platelet counts throughout the experiment, fell. Venous platelet counts, on the other hand, remained low during this experimental period and were correlated with cardiac output, but not with pulmonary vascular resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Carcinoembryonic antigen: 3 years' experience in a cancer clinic.

Long-term studies on multiple plasma samples of 988 patients with carcinoma of entodermal origin indicate that, especially for patients with colorectal cancer, repeatedly elevated or rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) values are a sign of poor prognosis when found preoperatively, postoperatively or during chemotherapy. Persistently elevated CEA values in postoperative patients apparently free of disease are a useful marker for early detection of recurrence or metastases. Normal CEA values are of little or no prognostic value.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1976

Leukocyte transketolase activity as an indicator of thiamin nutriture in rats.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using leukocyte transketolase activity (TKA) as an index of thiamin status. It was shown previously that hepatic TKA in rats is altered by changes in the type and amounts of carbohydrate, protein, and fat in the diet. It was, therefore, essential to determine whether leukocyte TKA in rats is affected by dietary factors other than thiamin intake. Hepatic TKA and leukocyte TKA both varied with dietary thiamin intake; maximum activity was attained when the diet contained 3 to 4 mg thiamin/kg diet. Administration of oxythiamin resulted in decreases in TKA in both liver and leukocytes. The changes in leukocyte and hepatic TKA induced by varying degrees of thiamin deficiency were closely correlated. The responses of thiamin content were also closely correlated in liver and leukocytes. However, only hepatic TKA was altered by increasing the fat or protein content of the diet or by substituting fructose for glucose. None of the dietary manipulations studied except the production of thiamin deficiency had any effect on leukocyte TKA. We conclude from our results that leukocyte TKA is a sensitive and specific indicator of thiamin nutriture in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Lithium carbonate in juvenile manic-depressive illness.

A case of juvenile manic-depressive illness associated with mental retardation is reported having been treated successfully with lithium carbonate. During four years of maintenance treatment with daily doses of 600 mgs. to 900 mgs. per day of lithium carbonate, disruptive manic behavior has been controlled and a subjective leveling out of mood has allowed that patient to develop more fully her cognitive and psychomotor capacities. There was one exascerbation of disruptive behavior during the first year of treatment that was easily controlled with haloperidol together with continued lithium carbonate maintenance treatment. No measurable adverse developmental or thyroid effects have been noted. The Shaffer acquiescence scale of the MMPI correctly predicted that the patient would be a positive responder to lithium carbonate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Influence of dopamine on the pulmonary pressure and shunt volume after cardiac surgery (author's transl)].

After the administration of Dopamine to 20 patients after cardiac surgery pulmonary shunt volume was determined with regard to the cardiac output and pulmonary pressure. It was shown that the infusion of Dopamine leads to decrease of the arterio-venous oxygen difference (AVDO2) as well as to the decrease of the PO2 in the arterial blood. On the contrary, in venous bood, PO2, Oxygen saturation, content and pulmonary pressure increased. The increase of the pulmonary right-to-left shunt observed (Qs Qt form 14.9 to 19.2%) is in proportion with the increase in cardiac output. Hence we do not suppose a specific shunting effect of Dopamine. Our findings suggest, that in the case of an already reduced blood oxygen level a further fall of the arterial oxygen saturation caused by a shunt must be avoided by additional enrichment of oxygen content of the inspired air.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Radioiodinated antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen: binding to normal and cancerous human colon in vitro.

Samples of tumor and normal mucosa from 32 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colorectum were examined for their capacity to bind radioiodinated antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) lgG. Twenty-three (72%) of the tumors bound significantly more antibody than the respective normal mucosa. The results indicate that radiolabeled anti-CEA may be useful in the in vivo localization of CEA-producing tumors and metastases in man, and may have application in vitro as a diagnostic marker of precancerous change in colorectal biopsies from patients at risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Hepatic cholesterol synthesis in man: effect of diazepam and other drugs.

The hepatic synthesis of cholesterol-measured as incorporation of 14C-acetate into digitonin-precipitable sterols-has been evaluated in needle biopsy material of normal untreated patients and patients under short-term treatment with Diazepam, Phenobarbital, Chlorpromazine or Diphenylhydantoin. A significant increase of cholesterol synthesis was observed in the first two groups with much higher levels of incorporation in the Diazepam-treated patients. Moreover in this group the levels were still elevated from 4 to 7 days after drug withdrawl. Ultrastructural and morphometric studies performed on the same biopsy material showed a significant increase of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocytes of Diazepam-treated patients; in addition, there seemed to be a positive correlation between the increased cholesterol synthesis and the formation of areas of non vesicular, type 2, smooth endoplasmic reticulum. These findings suggest an early stimulation of the liver cell microsomal system by Diazepam in man; they also point to side effects of some drugs, which are not predictable from studies in Wistar rats.

Acetates↗
PubMed1974

A morphometric study of the endoplasmic reticulum in human hepatocytes. Correlation between morphological and biochemical data in subjects under treatment with certain drugs.

The distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum in human hepatocytes is defined in quantitative terms using the techniques of morphometry. The subjects of the study are liver biopsies from normal, untreated subjects and patients being treated with various drugs. In contrast to rat hepatocytes, the amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in man exceeds that of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and accounts for 76.3% of the total endoplasmic reticulum. This is to be taken into consideration in pharmacological or toxicological studies. In addition, two components of the SER have been identified: more prominent is the type 1 or vesicular which has a regular honeycomb pattern, made up of cisternae with patent lumina and a mean width of 1500 A; the type 2, or non-vesicular, occurs in discrete foci of densely packed smooth membranes with a spacing of about 140 A. In subjects under short-term treatment with Benzodiazepin (diazepam) the RER remained unchanged but the SER membranes were significantly increased with a remarkable, two-to threefold increase of the SER type 2 in three out of four patients. A rise in incorporation of (14)C-acetate into digitonin-precipitable sterols as measured in liver biopsy material was also noted in these three patients. The suggestion is made that the SER 2 represents the newly formed membranes whereas the SER 1 would represent ;adult' membranes. No changes were observed in two patients under short-term treatment with phenobarbital or Dilantin.

Biopsy↗