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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Perfect normalization of excessive glucagon responses to intravenous arginine in human diabetes mellitus with the artificial beta-cell.

To elucidate the precise significance of pancreatic A-cell hypersecretion in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the change in the immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) response to intravenous arginine was studied in both nonobese, hypoinsulinemic non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects whose blood glucose responses and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) simulated those of healthy subjects with the aid of the artificial beta-cell system that we originally developed. In both five NIDDM and five IDDM subjects, blood glucose responses and plasma IRI after arginine challenges were made equivalent to those seen in healthy subjects by infusing insulin in response to blood glucose, revealing that previously exaggerated IRG responses were made completely similar to the responses in healthy subjects. In summary, these results clearly demonstrate that the exaggerated response of A-cell secretion against arginine challenges in insulin-deficient diabetics is secondary to insulin lack, and the perfect normalization of its response is achieved only when both plasma insulin concentration and glycemic control simulate those of healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ionophoretic activities of phospholipids on human platelets.

The effects of phospholipids on calcium uptake by human platelets were investigated utilizing 45CaCl2. Among the phospholipids tested, cardiolipin and phosphatidic acid exerted a significant increase of calcium uptake by platelets. Calcium uptake was dependent upon cardiolipin concentration and incubation time. These phospholipids enhanced platelet aggregation induced by ADP (2 microM) or epinephrine (0.5 microgram/ml). Cardiolipin caused the significant release of serotonin from platelets in the absence of externally added calcium in the medium. These results may suggest that phospholipids activate platelets through their ionophoretic activities.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1979

Duodenal carcinoid (apudoma) with psammoma bodies: a light and electron microscopic study.

An extremely rare case of psammomatous calcification in a nonfunctioning duodenal carcinoid tumor was studied by light and electron microscopy. The psammoma bodies were found most frequently within the lumina of the neoplastic glands. The ultrastructural features of the psammoma bodies were the marginal needle-shaped crystals and a coarse granular matrix in which a few organelles were embedded. The psammoma bodies appeared to be occasionally intracytoplasmic in position, showing no distinct limiting cytoplasmic membrane. Electron probe x-ray microanalysis revealed that the needle-shaped crystals contained calcium. The mechanism by which the psammoma bodies are formed has not been clearly explained. The above findings support the view that the psammoma bodies may occur initially in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, followed by their release probably in a way of active excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Myelolipoma in adenoma of accessory adrenal gland.

A tumor was incidentally found at autopsy in the vicinity of the right adrenal gland of a 69-year-old man who had died of liver cirrhosis with hepatoma. Microscopic examination disclosed a myelolipoma associated with a cortical adenoma occurring in an accessory adrenal gland. No evidence of hormonal abnormalities was found in the clinical record of the patient. The association of myelolipoma with cortical adenoma occurring in an accessory adrenal gland seems very unusual, and the present case is believed to be the first reported of this type of association.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Some problems on the histopathological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma -- a proposal of a new type.

A new classification for non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma is proposed as the one suited for the Lymphomas in Japan, which is to provide a new subtype "pleomorphic" for those more or less rapid-growing lymphomas of peripheral T-cell nature, along with another subtype lymphoblastic, after Nathwani et al. for those of central T-cell nature. The proposal is based on the result of the investigation by the Study Group for Histopathological Diagnosis on Malignant Lymphoma that (1) the presence of a significant number of T-cell lymphomas with peculiar "pleomorphism" is responsible for the very low reproducibility rate of histopathological diagnosis on the diffuse, mixed L&H type of Rappaport classification, and (2) the relative incidence of lymphoms as peripheral T-cell nature including the so-called adult T-cell leukemia is much higher in Japan than in the Western countries.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Lymph follicular cholecystitis.

Ten cases of cholecystitis with severe lymphocytic reactions were selected among serially examined 131 cases of cholecystitis or/and cholelithiasis. Gram-negative bacterial infection, especially E. coli and K. pneumonia seemed to be related as the cause of these severe lymphocytic reactions, but the gallstone revealed no definite influence. We would like to separate the cases with severe lymphocytic reactions as a lymph follicular cholecystitis and consider the possibility of a gram-negative bacterial infection in bile.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

5-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in blood of rabbits given tin or lead.

The activity of 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) in rabbit blood is significantly inhibited by tin. Intravenous administration of tin (0.48 or 4.8 mumol/kg body weight) causes a decrease in the activity of the enzyme by 60% or 94% respectively. The effects of tin and lead on ALAD differ: inhibition by tin is not affected by pre-incubation at 50-60 degrees C, whereas the inhibitory effect of lead is increased by the same pretreatment. The optimum pH for rabbit blood ALAD is 6.8 in control rabbits. This optimum shifts to pH 5.8-6.0 in the blood of tin-treated rabbits, with or without pre-incubation at 60 degrees C for 5 min, while a similar shift is prevented by the same pre-incubation after lead treatment. Recovery to normal activity is faster after tin than after lead treatment.

Animals↗