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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Multiple carcinoids and endocrine cell micronests in type A gastritis. Their morphology, histogenesis, and natural history.

Six cases of type A gastritis associated with multiple carcinoids and/or endocrine cell micronests (ECM) in the atrophic fundic mucosa were examined light microscopically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. The ECM and carcinoids were mainly composed of enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. The cells were hyperplastic only in the atrophic fundic glands and pseudopyloric glands, but not in the intestinal metaplastic gland. It is suggested that the development of both the ECM and the carcinoids is highly related to the atrophic change of the fundic mucosa and a trophic action of subsequently raised serum gastrin in type A gastritis and that the both lesions arise from the pseudopyloric glands or atrophic fundic glands. In addition, the definition of neoplastic ECM (microcarcinoid) of the stomach was made with comparative study on both the cases with ECM and multiple carcinoids and the cases with ECM alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Incidence of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma among human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers in Saga, Japan.

Using a population-based cancer registry, we tabulated 69 definite adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cases (36 males and 33 females) and 2.20 expected cases (0.95 for males and 1.25 for females) diagnosed from 1981 to 1983 in Saga, Japan. The number of human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers was computed by applying sex- and age-specific anti-human T-lymphotropic virus type I antibody positive rates among blood donors at the blood center in 1986 to the whole population of Saga Prefecture in 1982. The age-specific incidence rates among male human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers from 40 to 79 yr of age per 100,000 were significantly higher than those of female carriers (P less than 0.05), and the rates from 60 to 69 yr of age were the highest in both sexes. The annual crude incidence rates among carriers were 115.9 for males and 66.4 for females. The summary incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals were 115.9 (58.4 to 193.0) for males and 65.9 (30.0 to 115.9) for females. The cumulative risks were 4.5% (0.8 to 11.0) for males and 2.6% (0.3 to 7.0) for females. These morbidity figures were assumed to be underestimated partly due to the newly proposed clinical entity of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of recombinant human interleukin 3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on human BFU-e in serum-free cultures.

The effects of recombinant human hemopoietic growth factors on early and late human erythroid progenitors (BFU-e and CFU-e) were investigated in serum-free cultures. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) induced the formation of not only human CFU-e-derived colonies but also human BFU-e-derived bursts. Recombinant human interleukin 3 (rhIL-3) alone did not induce the formation of human BFU-e-derived bursts and human CFU-e-derived colonies. In the presence of rhEpo, rhIL-3 dose dependently increased the number of bursts stimulated by rhEpo, although rhIL-3 did not have the augmentative effect on human CFU-e growth. On the other hand, rhIL-3 did not stimulate the formation of murine BFU-e-derived bursts, and murine IL-3 did not stimulate the formation of human BFU-e-derived bursts. The results indicated that the burst-promoting activity of IL-3 was species-specific between human and murine cells. Recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) or recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) failed to induce human burst formation and did not augment the effect of rhEpo on human burst formation. The results of the present study suggest that in vitro, IL-3 can stimulate BFU-e in collaboration with Epo, but GM-CSF and G-CSF do not stimulate BFU-e growth in the presence or absence of Epo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunological analysis and characterization of lymphocyte subsets in specimens of human hepatocellular carcinomas and metastatic liver cancers.

The distribution and number of CD2 (Coulter T11)+ cells, CD16 (Leu 11b)+ cells, Leu 7+ cells, CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells, CD11 (Leu 15)+ cells, CD4 (Leu 3a + 3b)+ cells and Leu 10+ or Leu 14+ cells in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic liver cancer (MLC) were investigated using monoclonal antibodies and immunohistological methods. In the majority of those with HCC and MLC, CD8 (OKT 8)+, Leu 7+ and CD16 (Leu 11b)+ cells were present both in the tumor and non-tumor tissues. The CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells were more numerous than Leu 7+ and CD16 (Leu 11b)+ cells. No significant difference was observed in the distribution and number of Leu 7+ and CD16 (Leu 11b)+ cells, in any area, in both groups. The number of CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells predominated in the non-tumor area, in both groups. CD11 (Leu 15)+ cells and CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells were present in the ratio of 1:3 or 1:4. The number of CD4 (Leu 3a + 3b)+ cells was less than that of CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells in both groups, especially in the tumor area. A few Leu 10+ or Leu 14+ cells were present in all areas, in both groups. In most cases of MLC, the CD8 (OKT 8)+ cells were absent in the tumor area. There was no correlation between the distribution and number of these cells and anti-tumor chemotherapy or non-specific immunotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Time relationship between ambient temperature change and antigen stimulation on immune responses of mice.

We investigated the time relationship between ambient temperature change and antigen stimulation on immune responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in mice. In the case of a shift from comfortable (25 degrees C) to cold (8 degrees C) temperatures, suppression in the number of splenic plaque-forming cells (PFC) took place mainly when the shift was done between 1 day before and 2 to 4 days after immunization. The suppression of the PVP response lasted for up to a maximum of 6 days when mice were transferred 1 day before immunization. In the case of a temperature shift from 25 degrees to 36.5 degrees C, the suppressive effect was found when the temperature shift was done between 4 days before and 2 days after immunization. The effect lasted longer than that of the temperature shift to cold, i.e., at least 9 days after the temperature shift. Blood corticosterone levels after the temperature shifts corresponded to changes in the immune responses: elevation of the blood corticosterone levels was observed for only the first 3 days after a temperature shift to 8 degrees C but for 10 days after a temperature shift to 36.5 degrees C during the period time of the experiment. These result suggested that blood corticosterone level contributes to the duration of the effects of temperature shifts on immune responses of mice. Furthermore, it appeared that the early stage of the immune response is more susceptible to temperature shifts than the later stage. To explain these results, the terms "effective period" in the course of physiological adaptation to changed ambient temperature and "susceptible period" in the course of the immune response, were proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of low-concentration polymyxin B on insulin secretion induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), glucose, or tolbutamide from the isolated perfused rat pancreas.

To evaluate the role of protein kinase C on insulin secretion, we investigated the effects of low-concentration polymyxin B (100 mumol/L) on insulin secretion from the isolated perfused rat pancreas induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 10 nmol/L), a protein kinase C activator, glucose (10 mmol/L), or tolbutamide (738 mumol/L). Polymyxin B, a potent and relatively selective protein kinase C inhibitor at this low concentration, did significantly inhibit the gradual rise of insulin secretion induced by TPA (P less than .05). As for glucose or tolbutamide stimulation, polymyxin B significantly inhibited not only the second phase but also the first phase of insulin secretion (P less than .05) without changing the secretion patterns. Although the possibility of nonspecific effects of polymyxin B other than protein kinase C inhibition could not be excluded, the data suggest that protein kinase C might be involved in insulin secretion as a potentiating modulator.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in conscious and unrestrained normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We compared the glucose tolerance and insulin responses to intravenous (IV) glucose administration of a dose of 1 g/kg body weight in a conscious and unrestrained state of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) with catheters chronically indwelled into artery and vein. Both plasma glucose levels at two minutes and ten minutes following IV glucose load as well as the incremental and total areas of plasma glucose were slightly but significantly lower in SHR than in WKY. Glucose disappearance rate (K value) was 7.7 +/- 0.3%/min in SHR, being slightly but significantly higher than that of 6.8 +/- 0.3%/min in WKY. On the other hand, insulin responses to the glucose load at ten minutes and 30 minutes as well as incremental and total insulin areas were significantly lower in SHR than in WKY. There was no significant difference in insulinogenic index between SHR and WKY. Our observations suggest that in a conscious and unrestrained state, SHR have the greater glucose tolerance associated with reduced insulin secretion than do WKY.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

New percutaneous transluminal coronary angioscope.

A new percutaneous transluminal coronary angioscopic catheter has been developed for visualization of the coronary artery. A specially made balloon, fixed at the catheter tip, and an angulation mechanism made a precise coaxial alignment possible in the coronary lumen. This angioscopic catheter, 1.22 mm in outer diameter, has four channels, one for irrigation in which a 0.36 mm (0.014 in.) angioplasty guide wire can be used. With the use of this angioscope, coronary lumens in 8 dogs, thrombi that were produced with copper coils in the left anterior descending coronary artery in 11 dogs, atherosclerotic coronary arteries in 20 patients during cardiac catheterization and the sequence of transluminal coronary angioplasty in 1 patient were observed. The angioscopic catheter was introduced into the coronary artery by an 8F guide catheter. The steerable guide wire enabled the angioscopic catheter to be accurately and safely inserted into the target lesion in all cases. The inflated balloon and angulation mechanism allowed a curved coronary lumen and atheroma to be seen with a limited volume of irrigation fluid. Visualization was good (complete visualization of the inner lumen) in 46% (10 of 22 lesions), moderate (visualization of greater than 50% of the inner lumen) in 36% (8 of 22 lesions) and poor (visualization of less than 50% of the inner lumen) in 18% (4 of 22 lesions) in humans. There were no major complications. These preliminary experiences in closed chest cardiac catheterization in dogs and in humans indicate the feasibility of this angioscope. The information yielded by angioscopy may be clinically useful in the study of the pathophysiologic changes in coronary disease that are not detected by coronary arteriography.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Clinicopathological study of Ki-1-positive lymphomas.

We examined an antibody against Ki-1 antigen in 161 cases of malignant lymphoma, four of histiocytic sarcoma, and six of nonspecific lymphadenitis, using monoclonal antibody Ki-1, which is known to react selectively with activated lymphocytes, Reed-Sternberg cells, and Hodgkin's cells. Among them, 12 cases of malignant lymphoma demonstrated a diffuse positive cell membrane and/or cytoplasmic reaction of tumor cells and were categorized as Ki-1-positive lymphoma. Nine of these cases exhibited large cells with indented nuclei, distinct nucleoli, and abundant basophilic or amphophilic cytoplasm. Of the remaining three cases, two were of medium-sized and one of small-cell type. Immunologically, the 12 cases of malignant lymphoma demonstrated T-helper/inducer phenotype in six cases, B-cell in two case, and non-T, non-B in four cases. Tac and HLADR were positive in 9/12 and 4/5, respectively, and markers for histiocytes (lysozyme, alpha-1 anti-chymotrypsin, and OK-M1) were usually negative. Clinically, T-cell Ki-1-positive lymphoma was most likely to occur in the elderly, at extranodal sites, and had a rather poor prognosis (mean survival 35.5 months) as compared with B-cell and non-T, non-B lymphoma (7-52 months survival).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Design and creation of a Ca2+ binding site in human lysozyme to enhance structural stability.

A Ca2+ binding site like an EF-hand motif was designed and created in human lysozyme by replacing both Gln-86 and Ala-92 with aspartic acids by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutant human lysozyme (D86/92-lysozyme) was expressed and secreted by yeast. One Ca2+ was found to bind one molecule of the purified protein with the binding constant 5.0 x 10(6) M-1. The enzymatic activity of holo-D86/92-lysozyme against glycol chitin at 40 degrees C was 2-fold higher than that of the native lysozyme. Maximal activity of the holo-D86/92-lysozyme was observed at 80 degrees C, where its relative activity normalized to the value at 40 degrees C was 6-fold and 17-fold higher than those of the native and apoenzymes, respectively. The activities of the native lysozyme and apo-D86/92-lysozyme were maximum at 65 degrees C-70 degrees C. Moreover, D86/92-lysozyme was more stable against protease digestion than the native lysozyme. These results indicate that the creation of the calcium binding site like an EF-hand motif in the human lysozyme enhances its structural stability.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Radioiodination of chicken luteinizing hormone without affecting receptor binding potency.

By improving the currently used lactoperoxidase method, we were able to obtain radioiodinated chicken luteinizing hormone (LH) that shows high specific binding and low nonspecific binding to a crude plasma membrane fraction of testicular cells of the domestic fowl and the Japanese quail, and to the ovarian granulosa cells of the Japanese quail. The change we made from the original method consisted of 1) using chicken LH for radioiodination that was not only highly purified but also retained a high receptor binding potency; 2) controlling the level of incorporation of radioiodine into chicken LH molecules by employing a short reaction time and low temperature; and 3) fractionating radioiodinated chicken LH further by gel filtration using high-performance liquid chromatography. Specific radioactivity of the final 125I-labeled chicken LH preparation was 14 microCi/micrograms. When specific binding was 12-16%, nonspecific binding was as low as 2-4% in the gonadal receptors. 125I-Labeled chicken LH was displaced by chicken LH and ovine LH but not by chicken follicle-stimulating hormone. The equilibrium association constant of quail testicular receptor was 3.6 x 10(9) M-1. We concluded that chicken LH radioiodinated by the present method is useful for studies of avian LH receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to HBsAg and immunohistopathologic study of liver in patients with acute type B viral hepatitis.

In an attempt to clarify the role of cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of acute type B viral hepatitis (AHB, we studied delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and immunohistopathology of livers in patients with AHB. DTH skin reaction to HBsAg developed early in the convalescent phase in all 14 patients with AHB. In contrast, the production of anti-HBs was significantly delayed in these patients, compared with healthy controls immunized with HB vaccine intradermally (P less than 0.001). These observations suggest that DTH to HBsAg but not anti-HBs may be associated with recovery from AHB. In the biopsied livers obtained from patients with AHB, the proliferation of Kupffer cells was extensive and immunohistopathologic studies revealed an accumulation of CD-4 positive lymphocytes in the portal area, a finding which suggested a DTH reaction in the liver with AHB. CD-8 positive cells had infiltrated the lobule and made contact with affected hepatocytes, thereby indicating that a cytotoxic T cell response is involved in damaging of the infected cells. All these observations taken together, we propose that not only a cytotoxic T cell response but also a DTH reaction may be involved in the pathogenesis of AHB.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Primary gastric malignant lymphoma. A morphological and immunohistochemical study of 38 cases.

Thirty-eight cases of primary gastric malignant lymphoma were studied morphologically and immunohistochemically. The Working Formulation was used for classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1). The results indicated that 37 cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma while the remaining case was Hodgkin's disease. Thirty-three cases (89%) of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were considered to be of B cell origin and 2 cases (5%) of histiocytic origin. No case was considered to be of T cell origin. We suggest that the majority of primary gastric malignant lymphomas are derived from follicular center cells, and that gastric plasmacytoma is not as rare as previously described.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Liver, kidney and islet cell tumors in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats treated neonatally with streptozotocin.

We studied the oncogenic action of neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) for 12 months. Two-day-old male neonates were intraperitoneally injected with STZ of which doses were 37.5-75.0 mg/kg for SHR and 100.0-150.0 mg/kg for WKY. The 12-month survival rate was 16 of 22 (73%) in SHR and 10 of 14 (71%) in WKY, respectively. The incidence of tumors in STZ-treated SHR was 27% in liver, 14% in kidney and 5% in liver and kidney, being related to the dose of STZ given, namely, 25% in 37.5 mg/kg, 50% in 50.0 or 62.5 mg/kg and 75% in 75.0 mg/kg. In STZ-treated WKY which survived 12 months, all had tumors, namely, 70% in liver, 20% in kidney and 10% in liver and kidney. Histological features of liver and kidney tumors were characteristic of hepatoma and nephroblastoma, respectively. Islet cell tumor was evident in 4 of 10 (40%) in SHR treated with lower doses of STZ (less than or equal to 50 mg/kg) but not in SHR and WKY treated with higher doses (62.5-150.0 mg/kg). The present study indicates that neonatal STZ treatment has the oncogenic action on liver, kidney and pancreatic islet.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Diuretics and other antihypertensive drugs and glycemic control in non-insulin-dependent diabetics with hypertension. A survey by the Fukuoka Diabetes Clinic Group.

We compared the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) in non-insulin-dependent diabetics with hypertension who were treated with monotherapy of diuretics or other antihypertensive drugs (AHD) and in those who were not given any AHD. Total 162 patients were divided into the four groups; the control group without AHD (n = 45), the diuretics group (n = 42), the beta-blocker group (n = 30) and the Ca-antagonist group (n = 45). FPG and HbA1 levels were 153 +/- 44 mg/dl and 10.0 +/- 2.3% for the control group, 145 +/- 55 mg/dl and 9.8 +/- 2.2% for the diuretics, 165 +/- 63 mg/dl and 10.2 +/- 2.1% for the beta-blocker and 158 +/- 42 mg/dl and 10.4 +/- 2.0% for the Ca-antagonist, respectively. There were no significant differences in the levels of FPG and HbA1 among the four groups. Multivariate analysis also revealed no difference in glycemic control even when anti-diabetic treatment (diet alone, oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin), body mass index, serum potassium, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and age were taken into account. Blood pressure levels did not differ among the groups except control and they were well controlled at the low doses of AHD. Our results suggest that the choice of low dose diuretics for the treatment of hypertension in non-insulin-dependent diabetics might not be necessarily excluded by the only reason of the possible deleterious influence on glycemic control.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗