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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and pre-DIC due to severe infection in the elderly].

Because of pre-thrombotic state frequently present in the elderly, sepsis easily progresses to pre-DIC and DIC, sometimes with a fatal outcome. We assessed 31 elderly patients who developed pre-DIC and DIC due to severe infection. They were divided into two groups, early death group: 14 elderly patients with poor prognosis died within 14 days, and long survival group: 17 patients with good prognosis lived 15 days or more. Controls consisted of 31 elderly thrombotic disease cases and 25 healthy elderly cases. The DIC score was significantly higher in the early death group than in the long survival group, and there was a correlation between DIC score and survival. Moreover, many of the early death group were long-termed bed-ridden patients, serum BUN and Cre levels were significantly increased in the early death group compared to the long survival group. While plasma TAT, PIC and D-dimer levels were increased in thrombotic disease group compared to the healthy control group, TAT and D-dimer were also increased in the pre-DIC and DIC state than in the thrombotic state. In the early death group, D-dimer was higher than in the long survival group. We suggest that early diagnosis by molecular marker is important in the DIC stage, and a high D-dimer level may be a poor prognostic factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels in patients with multiple organ failure (MOF).

We measured soluble CD14 (sCD14), plasma endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in patients with multiple organ failure (MOF). The sCD14 level was significantly higher in septic patients with MOF than that in those without MOF and also higher in non-septic trauma patients with MOF than that in those without MOF. In the septic group with MOF, the sCD14 level correlated significantly with the TNF-alpha level but not the plasma endotoxin, IL-1 beta, IL-6, or IFN-gamma level. These results suggest that the sCD14 level reflects the degree of pathophysiology and that TNF-alpha is involved in stimulating sCD14 production.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Genome DNA analysis and genotyping of clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori.

The genotype of genome DNA from seventeen clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) was determined. Three restriction enzymes, Apa I, Kpn I and Not I, were found to produce distributions of DNA fragments which were useful for analysis of the chromosome-sized DNA from H. pylori NCTC11637T by PFGE. Many of the isolates of H. pylori could not be genotyped by PFGE after digestion reaction with Apa I, Kpn I, and Not I. When AP-PCR with a ten-nucleotide primer was performed using the chromosomal genomic DNA from the isolates as templates, fifteen distinctly different profiles were obtained from the seventeen isolates. Thus, genotyping of the isolates was possible where PFGE profiles had not previously been informative. The results suggest that AP-PCR is more suitable for genotyping of clinical isolates of H. pylori in Japan than PFGE.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

[Anemia and neutropenia in elderly patients caused by copper deficiency for long-term enteral nutrition].

Anemia and neutropenia caused by copper deficiency is a well-known consequence of long term total parenteral nutrition in the literature. We present 6 bed-ridden elderly patients who developed anemia and neutropenia after receiving enteral nutrition for a long time (mean: 3.3 years) In all 6 patients, serum copper and ceruloplasmin level were very low, and the mean of their hematological data were as follows: WBC 2,200/microliters, neutrophil 554/microliters, hemoglobin 8.1 g/dl, platelet 260 x 10(3)/microliters, respectively. The bone marrow examination showed cytoplasmic vacuolization of both myeloid and erythroid precursors, and maturation arrest of granulopoiesis. Then, copper sulfate was administrated by enteral tube to 6 patients, and the improvement of anemia and neutropenia was observed within a month. A 82-year-old woman who received enteral nutrition for 3.5 years with sever anemia (Hb 3.7 g/dl) and neutropenia (neutrophil 350/microliters), showed a marked improvement in hematological data (Hb 8.0 g/dl, neutrophil 4, 092/microliters, respectively) after two months by administering the copper supplementation. The exact cause of the anemia and neutropenia in copper deficiency is unclear, but it is suggested that the decreased activity of enzyme containing copper may be related. Hematological abnormalities due to copper deficiency should be cared during long term enteral nutrition with long termed bed-ridden elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Estimation of neural generators of cognitive potential P300 by dipole tracing method].

A computer-aided method dipole tracing system, allows to estimate the location of the generator of brain potentials and has the advantage of non-invasive recording in physiological state. In this experiment, a two-dipole model and a four-dipole model of the active electrical sources of the cognitive component P300 of event related potentials have been examined by using dipole tracing method in normal human subjects. We have recorded P300 in a group of 3 healthy females aged 19-24 years, using somatosensory stimuli requiring a button-press response. The brain potentials were recorded with 21 surface electrodes placed over the scalp. Three-dimensional coordinates of surface electrodes and scalp, skull and brain (SSB) geometry of the subjects were measured by special device and three-dimensional MRI images, respectively. In order to estimate the localization of active dipoles, the conductivities of the scalp, the skull and the brain were approximated to be 1: 1/80: 1. In the present study, with data derived from all 21 channels, the sources of individual P300 components were analyzed during 10-30 msec at every 1 msec intervals. As a result, the dipole locations for each subjects were similar both in the two dipole model and in the four dipole model. The calculation on two dipole model showed the generators of P300 situated symmetrically in the frontal lobe. Whereas, the calculation on four dipole model showed them situated symmetrically near the hippocampus and in the parietal cortex which were close to the neural generators of P300 reported by other authors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effects of Sr-hydroxyapatite microcrystal on cultured cell.

Strontium-hydroxyapatite microcrystals (Sr-HAp sol) were produced by a wet method at room temperature with ultrasonic irradiation and were applied to MC3T3-E1, ROS, and L cells for periods of 2, 4, and 6 days in vitro. The effect on cell growth, the variation of LDH and Ca contents in the media, and attachment between cell and microcrystal were investigated. Sintered Sr-HAp and HAp sol were used as controls. A slight inhibitory effect of Sr-HAp sol on cell growth was found. The degree of inhibition was nearly the same as HAp sol. However, it was stronger than sintered Sr-HAp. The contents of LDH in the media increased with the degree of cell inhibition, and the contents of Ca in the media decreased from the initial stage of cell-sol contact. A good attachment of Sr-HAp sol to cultured cells was seen by phase-contrast microscopy and SEM.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Blood cytokine and complement levels in patients with sepsis.

We measured serum levels of endotoxin, cytokines, and eicosanoids and investigated their relationship to serum complement levels in patients with sepsis. Serum endotoxin (Et) levels (5.3 +/- 2.4 pg/ml) were within the normal range, but levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 114 +/- 104.94 pg/ml), interleukin 6 (IL-6, 86.7 +/- 50.9 pg/ml), interleukin 8 (IL-8, 86.8 +/- 49.7 pg/ml), type-II phospholipase A2 (type II PLA2, 211.3 +/- 193.9 ng/ml), leukotriene B4 (LTB4, 88.7 +/- 27.2 pg/ml), thromboxane B2 (TXB2, 58.7 +/- 50.9 pg/ml) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (PGF1 alpha, 21.0 +/- 11.0 pg/ml) levels were above normal. Levels of C3a (1088.4 +/- 83.8.7 ng/ml) and C4a (1951.5 +/- 1697.8 ng/ml) were also above normal; C3 (66.0 +/- 25.6 mg/dl) and C4 (23.6 +/- 5.3 mg/dl) were within the normal range, and C5a was lower than the detectable limit in all but one of the subjects. Serum TNF-alpha was significantly correlated with C3a (p < 0.001). Serum IL-6 had a significant negative correlation with C3 (p = 0.002) and C4 (p = 0.010). Type II PLA2 was significantly correlated with C3a (p < 0.001). There were no significant correlations between serum Et or IL-8 and serum C3, C4, C3a or C4a. Our findings suggest that increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and Type II PLA/ in patients with sepsis contribute to activation of the complement system.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A clinical study of renal hemodynamics in patients with lupus nephritis].

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical significance of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) in 122 patients with lupus nephritis. All patients had definite clinical evidence of active lupus nephritis, including urinary and immunological abnormalities. The average RPF was 634.5 +/- 171.4 ml/min in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and 537.4 +/- 141.9 ml/min in 37 age-and sex-matched patients with primary glomerular disease (PGD) (p < 0.01). A fall in GFR, accompanied by massive proteinuria and hypocomplementemia, was observed frequently in patients with class IV lupus nephritis (diffuse proliferative GN). In contrast, RPF did not change in most patients except in some with increased RPF. No correlation was noticed between RPF and proteinuria or immunological abnormalities. As a result, a marked fall in filtration fraction (FF) was observed frequently in class IV lupus nephritis, and was correlated significantly with urinary and immunological abnormalities. Follow-up data during treatment in the active to inactive phases (average 7.8 months) were available for 39 patients. The average GFR increased significantly from 56.9 +/- 31.4 ml/min in the pre-treatment stage to 74.5 +/- 26.9 ml/min in the post-treatment stage, accompanied by an improvement in proteinuria and hypocomplementemia. On the other hand, RPF decreased significantly from 521.3 +/- 217.1 to 437.6 +/- 156.2 ml/min, so that FF increased significantly as the renal and immunological parameters normalized. Additionally, the renal function was evaluated in 11 patients during the exacerbation of lupus nephritis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase activity, type II phospholipase A2, and cytokine levels in patients with sepsis.

Platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity was measured in patients with sepsis, and its relationships with various cytokines and endotoxin were evaluated. PAF-AH activity was significantly higher (p = 0.0136) in 17 patients who died than 13 patients who survived. PAF-AH activity showed significant correlations with the plasma endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 levels. These findings suggest that PAF-AH activity reflects the severity of the pathological condition.

1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase↗
PubMed1994

Plasmids in several strains of Deinococcus radiodurans.

Deinococcus radiodurans is known as a radioresistant bacterium. For the construction of the shuttle vector, plasmids of this bacterium were isolated and investigated. At least two new plasmids in the cells of D. radiodurans MR1, KR1 and Sark were found in this experiment. However, a common plasmid among MR1, KR1 and Sark strains could not be found. These plasmids would be useful for the construction of the shuttle vector for cloning radioresistant genes of this bacterium.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

Macro-fingerprinting analysis at the chromosomal genomic DNA level of isolates of thermophilic Campylobacter coli and C. jejuni, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Chromosomal genomic DNA from 25 strains of thermophilic Campylobacter coli and C. jejuni were analysed after pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of restriction fragments generated by SalI and SmaI to evaluate the utility of macro-fingerprinting analysis and to assess the possible subtyping of the isolates. Two rare-cutting restriction enzymes, SalI and SmaI, allowed the subclassification of eight strains of C. coli into six types. SalI facilitated the subclassification of seventeen strains of C. jejuni into thirteen types and SmaI the subclassification of seventeen strains into twelve types. The diversity in the PFGE profiles was demonstrated and, therefore, the two enzymes were found to be potentially useful for detecting variability of PFGE profiles among strains of C. coli and C. jejuni. The two enzymes and PFGE may be useful in molecular epidemiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and metastatic lymphoepithelioma in the cervical lymph nodes, in comparison with other metastatic carcinomas and granulomatous diseases].

The nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma is closely related with Epstein-Barr virus. The first clinical manifestation is frequently enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes of unknown origin. The histology of the metastatic lymphoepithelioma in the lymph nodes sometimes resembles those of other metastatic carcinoma and granulomatous diseases. To differentiate the lymphoepithelioma from other disorders, we detected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), using stamp specimens. By polymerase chain reaction, all seven lymphoepitheliomas presented amplified EBV genomes, while five of the 58 other carcinomas and eight of the 19 granulomatous diseases also did. By in situ hybridization, lymphoepitheliomas showed EBV genomes which were confined to the tumor cells, though in the other diseases they were found in the lymphocytes. Detection of EBV is very useful in making a diagnosis of lymphoepitheliomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Clinical effects of intramuscular administration of a small dose of polymyxin B to patients with endotoxemia.

The effects of intramuscular injections of minute amounts of polymyxin B were studied in 42 patients with endotoxemia. Plasma endotoxin was measured by means of an endotoxin-specific Endospecy test (Seikagaku Corp., Tokyo, Japan) after pretreatment of the plasma with a new perchloric acid method that we developed. The normal value of plasma endotoxin is less than 9.8 pg/mL. Polymyxin B was administered at a dose of 12,500 U every 6 hours. Plasma endotoxin rapidly decreased to the normal range in 40 of the 42 patients. Body temperature fell significantly. APACHE II scores were also significantly improved. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) decreased in survivors, while tending to persist in high values in patients who died. No side effects were observed in any of the patients. In conclusion, intramuscular injections of small doses of polymyxin B were useful in the treatment of endotoxemia.

Adolescent↗