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Biomedical subjects

M Kawamoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawamoto.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Short chain fatty acid in intestinal obstruction.

Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and enteric bacteria in enteric fluid of 26 patients with non-strangulated intestinal obstruction were investigated. Sixteen to 905 mg/L of SCFA was detected in all the samples and acetic, propionic and lactic acid were prominent in the fraction. Concentration of SCFA reached a peak around the time of operation and then gradually decreased, in most cases. It also gradually decreased with clinical improvement in conservatively treated cases. Cultures of these enteric samples revealed 10(4-11)/ml of SCFA producing bacteria. SCFA may be one factor related to inhibition of water and electrolytes absorption and lead to distention of the bowel.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Differentiation-associated changes of glycolipid composition and metabolism in mouse myeloid leukemia cells. Induction of globotriaosylceramide and a galactosyltransferase.

This study was to find out whether induction of special glycolipids or glycosyltransferases for glycolipid synthesis which might be involved in the cell functions occurred during the differentiation. Mouse myeloid leukemia cell line (M1-), the differentiated cells (M1+), and a subcloned cell line (Mm1) were used for this purpose. Gangliotriaosylceramide (GA2) was the major glycolipid component in M1- cells. As a result of differentiation of M1- into M1+ cells, globotriaosylceramide (CTH) was newly induced as the main glycolipid, while GA2 decreased to a minor component. GA2 was found to be the main glycolipid in Mm1 cells but no CTH was recognized. All precursor glycolipids and glycosyltransferases required to complete the biosynthetic pathway glucosylceramide (CMH) leads to lactosylceramide (CDH) leads to GA2 leads to gangliotetraosylceramide (GA1) leads to sialosylgangliotetraosylceramide (GM1b) were found in M1- and also in Mm1 cells. A galactosyltransferase activity for CTH synthesis from CDH increased 10 fold during the differentiation. The induction of CTH in M1+ cells could be attributed to the increase of the galactosyltransferase activity. Both CTH as a surface marker and the galactosyltransferase as an enzyme marker are proposed as valuable markers of differentiation in M1- cells. Besides the galactosyltransferase, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferease involved in the formation of lactotriaosylceramide (amino-CTH) increased up to 3 fold during the differentiation. The increase of the enzyme activity seemed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of lactoneotetraosylceramide (paragloboside) which appeared in M1+ cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Ifosfamide in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung].

A total of 36 cases with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with Ifosfamide. Fourteen cases (38.9%) out of 36 cases showed good or marked clinical response, and 120 mg/kg of Ifosfamide was necessary as a minimum dose to obtain effective response. As side effects of Ifosfamide, gastrointestinal disturbance (66.7%), depilation (66.7%), leukopenia (38.9%) and hematuria (36.1%) were observed. Mean survival time (M.S.T.) was prolonged by using Ifosfamide, comparing with the groups treated by with other anticancer drugs. Ifosfamide, therefore, should be used for the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical studies of ifosfamide for gynecological malignancies].

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical effect and the side effect of ifosfamide in the treatment of gynecological malignancies. A total of 18 cases were treated with ifosfamide: 11 of them were treated as a single agent and the remaining 7 cases were treated as a combination chemotherapy. A daily dose of 1.5-2.0 grams were given for 5 consecutive days. The number of course varied from one to five. Six (35.3%) out of 17 evaluable cases showed partial response. Three were treated with ifosfamide alone and the another three were with a combination chemotherapy. The side effect such as leukopenia, gastrointestinal disturbance and general malaise were frequently observed. Chemical cystitis (hematuria) could be prevented by adequate water intake.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Anovulation and oviductal hyperplasia in rats treated with clomiphene citrate 5 days after birth.

Five day old female rats were administered either 500 micrograms clomiphene citrate or propylene glycol. Vaginal opening occurred significantly earlier in the clomiphene treated group as compared with the control group. Clomiphene treated rats showed permanent sterility associated with anovulatory vaginal cycles in which the stage of vaginal cornification predominated. Furthermore, clomiphene treated rats exhibited a high incidence of pyosalpinx (or oviductal abscess). The possible mechanisms responsible for the anovulatory sterility and the pyosalpinx induced by neonatal clomiphene treatment are discussed.

Animals↗