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Biomedical subjects

M Kawabata

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawabata.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effect of long-term storage on monoamine metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid.

Concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following long-term storage at -20 degrees C for intervals of three to 60 months. No significant changes in HVA levels were detected in CSF stored for up to 60 months. On the other hand, 5-HIAA concentrations remained stable for up to 6 months, but decreased significantly in the specimens stored for longer time intervals. The results indicate that 5-HIAA should be determined within 6 months after CSF collection, while HVA determinations may be delayed.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Recovery from immunesuppression in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by treatment of praziquantel.

To learn the possible alteration of immune response, hemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) produced in the spleen of Schistosoma japonicum infected mice treated with Praziquantel and untreated group were counted. There was no significant difference in the immunesuppression percentage between the treated and untreated groups 1 and 3 weeks after treatment. In 5 weeks after treatment, however, the immunesuppression percentage in the treated mice was markedly reduced in comparison with that of the untreated group. Recovery from immunesuppression appears to be associated with elimination or impairment of adult worms.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Sensitivity of antineoplastic agents in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix xenografted into nude mice].

Antitumor efficacies of five antineoplastic agents, cisplatin, mitomycin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and bleomycin were tested against the human carcinoma of the uterine cervix xenografted into nude mice in order to search for effective combination chemotherapy. Antineoplastic agent was administered i.p. 6 times once a week to nude mice with tumor growing to 8-10 mm in diameter. The effect in each group was evaluated by Battelle Columbus Laboratories' method, measuring at 6th week the tumor growth rate in the treatment group (Tn/T0) and in the control group (Cn/C0) where the comparative tumor growth ratio (Tn/T0/Cn/C0) was taken as the index. As the result, the response rates of cisplatin and mitomycin on the tumor growth were high as 83.3% and 66.7% respectively. It is concluded that combination chemotherapy including cisplatin and mitomycin is recommendable for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[The effect of peripheral blood monocytes on cell-mediated immunity in pregnant women].

The status of autoimmune diseases and viral infections is known to change during and after pregnancy. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in pregnant women is thought to be involved. Recently, macrophages and monocytes (M phi) were reported to play an important role in CMI. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effect of peripheral blood M phi on CMI in pregnant women. First, the ratio of M phi to lymphocytes and the absolute number of M phi were calculated during pregnancy. They increased during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Next, the effect of M phi on CMI in pregnant women was studied in terms of the ability of M phi to obtain access to T cells. This decreased slightly during the 1st trimester, increased significantly during the 3rd trimester (p less than 0.01) and returned to normal after delivery. It was found that serum from pregnant women in the 3rd trimester was able to enhance the accessory ability of M phi. Of the various hormones which show the wide fluctuations in concentration in the serum during pregnancy, estrogen increased the accessory ability by 41%, while cortisol decreased it by 40%. In conclusion, M phi were found to influence the CMI in pregnant women and pregnant serum, and especially the hormones such as estrogen and cortisol included in it, were also found to relate to M phi function.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of breast carcinoma with lung metastasis].

A 37-year-old female, who had undergone a left standard mastectomy in May, 1983 for breast cancer, was treated with Tamoxifen and FT-207 postoperatively. The patient had no further evidence of disease until two and one-half years later, when a routine chest film showed a single, half-rounded density 6.5 cm in diameter in the hilus of her left lung. Bestrabucil, the benzoate of an estradiol-chlorambucil conjugate, was administered p.o. at a daily dose of 200 mg for four weeks. Thereafter, the tumor greatly decreased in size to 3.0 cm in diameter. When a left upper lobectomy was performed, the tumor was found to be necrotic tissue. Microscopically, a small cancer nest similar to the primary breast carcinoma was observed in the center of the necrosis. The necrotic tissue was surrounded with cellular infiltrate, markedly consisting of histiocytes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Neuron activity in and adjacent to the dorsal amygdala of monkey during operant feeding behavior.

Neuronal activity of the dorsal amygdala, the substantia innominata and the ventral putamen during bar press operant behavior was analyzed to investigate neuronal responses in various affective situations. Of 1507 neurons recorded, 431 responded to some stimuli and were classified into 6 functional categories: 64 (4.2%) indiscriminately and transiently responded to various stimuli; 98 (6.5%) responded to various objects depending on their significance, whether rewarding or punishing; 44 (2.9%) clearly responded only to certain food or objects associated with potables, but not to both; 16 (1.1%) responded to both food and objects associated with potables; 35 (2.3%) responded primarily at the sight of certain nonfood; 66 (4.4%) responded primarily in the ingestion phase. Relations between function and topography are discussed. The results suggest that the dorsal AM and adjacent areas might be important in recognizing the biological significance of objects and in procuring food.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1986

Cytotoxic factors toward neuroblastoma cells in trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Homogenates of trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi (T.c) exhibited low-potency cytotoxic activity toward neuroblastoma cells. The cytotoxic activity was markedly decreased after preservation for 1 week, even at -20 degrees C. Trypsin and pronase E were shown to effectively enhance or restore the cytotoxic activity of T.c by producing some alteration in T.c, depending on concentrations of and treatment time with the enzymes. The cytotoxic factors were insoluble in saline and found in the chloroform extracts of a T.c homogenate. Analysis by thin-layer chromatography showed that the cytotoxic activity of T.c was found in the free fatty acids and lysophospholipids fractions. Of the free fatty acids present in T.c, eicosatetraenoic (20:4) and octadecadienoic (18:2) acids were the most cytotoxic. It was assumed that as much as 27.2% (w/w) of the total lipids of T.c consists of free fatty acids, and 1 mg of protein of the T.c homogenate contains 96 micrograms of free fatty acids. The abundant free fatty acids appear to account for the cytotoxic activity of the T.c homogenate, although they occurred in T.c under weakly active condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The long term effects of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treating patients with renovascular hypertension: case studies.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed on 10 patients with unilateral renovascular hypertension (7 with atheromatous and 3 with fibromuscular stenoses) who were then followed for an average of 42 months (range, 24 to 67 months). Dilation of the stenosis was initially successful in all patients except one who had severe atheromatous stenosis. Among patients with atheromatous disease, normotension was attained for 40, 25 and 24 months in 3 patients given no antihypertensive medication and for 67 and 55 months in 2 patients given only nicardipine. The remaining one patient had a recurrent stenosis 3 months after angioplasty. All patients with fibromuscular dysplasia have been normotensive without any hypotensive medication for more than 4 years. Plasma renin activity declined within one week after angioplasty and remained unchanged thereafter in all patients except the one case suffering from a recurrent stenosis. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remained increased after angioplasty. These results suggest that hypertension can be controlled and renal dysfunction in patients with renal artery stenosis caused by atheroma or fibromuscular dysplasia improved for long periods by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The antihypertensive effect obtained by this procedure was more valuable for the patients with fibromuscular dysplasia than in those with atheromatous disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Determination of phenylacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we developed a sensitive and reliable technique to measure phenylacetic acid (PAA), an oxidatively deaminated metabolite of beta-phenylethylamine (PEA), in small amounts of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In a preliminary analysis, PAA concentrations in depressive patients were significantly lower than those in controls, while there were no differences in PAA levels between schizophrenic patients and controls. This suggests a possible link between the decreased PEA metabolism in the brain and the etiology of depression. However, further studies are needed to clarify the effects of neuroleptics and antidepressants on PAA levels in CSF, since the samples were obtained without regard to medication in the present study. In control subjects, a U-shaped distribution was obtained when the values of PAA were plotted as a function of age. There were no sex differences and no significant concentration gradients in CSF PAA levels.

Adult↗