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Biomedical subjects

M Kawabata

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawabata.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Studies on 15 seropositive cases to Lyme disease using immunoperoxidase test in Japan].

The serological survey, analyzing sera which were obtained from Lyme disease suspected subjects was performed using immunoperoxidase (IP) test between July, 1987 and February, 1989. Fifteen seropositive subjects to Borrelia burgdorferi have been found in this survey, and these cases were considered to be true Lyme disease or highly suspected for this illness. Most of these seropositive cases geographically occurred in northern part of Japan, and both sexes and all age subjects were affected. In clinical manifestations, 5 cases developed a typical skin lesion of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) followed by tick-bite. Neurologic manifestations were found in 6 cases, including one patient who also had ECM after a known tick bite. Of these neurologic manifestations, 4 cases had lymphocytic meningitis, 3 unilateral or bilateral facial palsy, and one encephalomyelitis. When 8 of these 15 sera were analyzed for antibodies to Lyme disease with ELISA, a poor agreement of serodiagnosis between IP test and ELISA has been found in the course of this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Andean leishmaniasis in Ecuador caused by infection with Leishmania mexicana and L. major-like parasites.

Between 1986 and 1988, epidemiologic studies were carried out in a small rural community in an Andean region of Ecuador, where cutaneous leishmaniasis is highly endemic. A total of 25 human cases, positive for Leishmania parasites by culture and/or smear, were examined. Fourteen of the cases were in infants less than one year of age, suggesting intradomiciliary transmission of the disease. Clinically, many of these cases were similar to descriptions of "uta," a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis which occurs in Andean regions of Peru and is reported caused by L. peruviana. Of the 11 positive cultures obtained from human cases in the present study, eight were identified by molecular characterization as L. mexicana and three were identified as L. major-like. Two additional isolates of L. mexicana were also made from an infected dog and from a sand fly, Lutzomyia ayacuchensis, living in the region, thus implicating the latter species as possible reservoir and vector, respectively, of L. mexicana in this highland community. The significance and validity of recent isolates of L. major-like parasites from the New World are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of intermittent CDDP therapy for improving long-term prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian cancer].

In cases of advanced ovarian cancer, intermittent CDDP therapy (ICDDPT) was applied after the first operation and induction chemotherapy, and its efficacy and limit were studied. One cycle of this therapy involved consecutive 5 day CDDP treatment (25-30mg/body/day). The therapy was repeated at intervals of 3 months. In many cases, ovarian cancer was histologically rated as epithelial adenocarcinoma. The study included 18 cases in total. ICDDPT was applied to 13 cases in which no tumor mass was detected by second look operation (SLO) or which showed clinical remission after operation. Only 3 of these 13 cases showed recurrence, and all these 13 are still living. Of the 5 cases in which SLO disclosed a tumor mass or which did not show remission after the first operation, 2 died. When the survival rate after ICDDPT was compared by the Kaplan-Meier method with that of controls without CDDP therapy, the effectiveness of ICDDPT was demonstrated. The survival rate could therefore be improved by ICDDPT. The therapy particularly improved the long term prognosis of SLO negative cases and cases in clinical remission. It seems necessary to repeat this therapy for a long period to achieve satisfactory results. In SLO positive cases and cases without clinical remission, the therapy had only a limited effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Localization of bovine cornea-specific protein in mouse and human eyes].

Rats were immunized by purified bovine cornea-specific protein (CSP) and anti-CSP polyclonal antibody was produced. Localization of CSP in mice and human eyes was examined by immunohistochemical methods with light microscopy using this antibody. In mice CSP was found in the corneal epithelium, keratocytes, corneal endothelium, conjunctival epithelium and lens epithelium. In human eyes CSP was found in the corneal epithelium, keratocytes and conjunctival epithelium, but it was not found in the lens. These results confirmed a difference in localization of CSP between mice and human eyes. It was suggested that the production of CSP might be associated with phylogenesis and that CSP might also be associated with the development of the cornea.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Mouse corneal degeneration by bovine cornea-specific protein].

In a previous study, IgG deposits and changes were found in the corneal epithelial cells of BALB/c mice immunized by cornea-specific protein (CSP) contained in the bovine cornea. We observed the corneal changes in mice by immunoreaction to CSP for 6 months with slit-lamp microscopy, and found granular opacity under the central corneal epithelium. Histologically this opacity was composed of scattered deposits in the corneal substantia beneath the basal layer of the epithelium. The corneal epithelium in contact with the deposits became atrophied and flattened. The deposits were stained with PAS staining, and with ConA, WGA and RCA by the lectin enzyme histochemical method. Therefore, these results indicate that these deposits possess N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as a sugar residue. In the degenerated corneal epithelium, peroxidase-staining by the anti-CSP antibody enzyme histochemical method weakened and ConA-positive cells were obviously decreased. This suggests that the production of CSP decreased in the same lesion and that disorder of sugar metabolism developed at the corneal epithelium.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1991

[Serodiagnosis of Lyme disease by ELISA using Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum antigen].

Antibodies to a 41,000 (41 kD) polypeptide in flagella of Borrelia burgdorferi were measured in patients with Lyme disease in Japan by flagellum ELISA. The IgG and IgM Classes of antibodies to a flagellum antigens were detected in the sera as early as 0.5 months after infection. The IgG antibodies continued to exist in their sera for more than one year, while the IgM antibodies quickly faded out from their sera. With respect to a diagnostic specificity of the flagellum ELISA, false positive reactions showing more than 10% were observed in sera with high levels of IgG or IgM, and with anti-syphilis antibody. This method, however, was unaffected by sera with high levels of IgA, rheumatoid factor or anti-nuclear antibody. In three cases of patients with erythema migrans preceded by tick-bite, and treated with antibiotics, seronegative results were observed by a immunoperoxidase (IP) test. Since two of them showed the positive level of IgM antibody by the flagellum ELISA, this method seems to be more sensitive and useful than the IP test for serodiagnosis of the Lyme disease.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

[The effect on prognosis and the adverse drug reaction of intermittent cisplatin therapy in advanced ovarian cancer patients].

We examined the effects and adverse drug reaction (ADR) of intermittent cisplatin therapy (ICDDPT) on advanced ovarian cancer patients (OCP). Most OCPs had undergone surgical removal of primary lesion and induction chemotherapy, and histopathological analysis indicated epithelial tumors. Five OCPs were stage III, six were stage IV and one stage II (n = 12). After surgical treatment and induction chemotherapy, ICDDPT was initiated with a 25-30 mg/day dose of CDDP for 5 days, every 3 months. During the intervals, maintenance immunochemotherapy of Tegafur and OK-432 was applied. Following ICDDPT, all patients except one are alive. The longest survival, to date is 5 years 7 months, while the decreased case survived 4 years. ADR was analysed according to the total dose of CDDP i.e. under 500 mg, over 500 mg-under 1,000 mg, 1,000 mg-under 1,500 mg, and 1,500 mg and over. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed for WBC, platelet (thrombocytopenia), Hb, GOT and GPT. The abnormal values except for GOT and GPT reverted to normal just before next administration. Thereafter ADR of CDDP with regard to the renal tubulus were studied by observing urinary NAG and urinary and serum beta 2 microglobulin. These values, however, were restored to within normal limits after 1 week of CDDP administration. These ADR were no greater with the increasing dose, such that accumulative toxicity was not observed. Study of the histological concentration of platinum showed a high level in liver tissue. Therefore, liver damage should be noted as on ADR of CDDP. In conclusion, ICDDPT for OCP was seen to be effective because of a good survival rate and low ADR.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Intraperitoneal administration of OK-432 and rIL-2 in a case of peritonitis carcinomatosa with chronic renal failure].

Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was administered intraperitoneally for 15 days, 2 days after intraperitoneal administration of Streptococcal preparation OK-432 to a patient of peritonitis carcinomatosa occurred eight months after second look operation, in which residual tumor could not be removed completely. The patient had been maintained by hemodialysis three times a week for over ten years. Combination chemotherapy using CDDP and Ifosfamide, or CDDP and THP-Adriamycin had not been effective to control rapidly increasing ascites. Negative cytological exam, was achieved on day 7 and ascites disappeared by day 15. No severe side effects including fluid retention were observed. Fever up was controllable by Indomethacin. Flow cytometric analysis revealed dominant (73%) CD4+, CD29+ helper inducer subset, while CD4+, CD45RA+ was 6%, in the lymphocytes in ascites on day 8. It was suggested that intraperitoneal administration of rIL-2 after OK-432 was safe and effective for peritonitis carcinomatosa with chronic renal failure.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Clonal variation of adenylyl cyclase activity in a rat tumor cell line caused by change in G protein-catalytic unit interaction.

Two subclones of the rat XC cell line characterized by different morphology exhibited quite different adenylyl cyclase responses upon various stimulations. Upon treatment with cholera toxin, clone RK1 accumulated a high level of intracellular cAMP thereby changing its polygonal morphology to an elongated morphology, while the other clone, LK1, with a fibroblastic morphology, failed to increase the intracellular cAMP and remained morphologically unchanged. When membrane fractions derived from these two clones were stimulated with 10 microM forskolin, 10 microM GTP gamma S, or 10 mM NaF, five- to 20-fold more cAMP was accumulated in RK1-derived membranes than in LK1-derived membranes. With the same membrane fractions, upon treatment with Mn(+)+, which directly stimulates the catalytic unit, a high level of cAMP was accumulated both in RK1 and LK1, indicating that the catalytic function inducible by Mn(+)+ was similar in both clones. There was no significant difference in the level of expression of G protein alpha 2, alpha i (at least alpha i1 and alpha i2), and beta subunits between LK1 and RK1. Cholate extracts of the membrane proteins of LK1 and RK1 reconstituted the adenylyl cyclase activity of the cyc- variant of S49 lymphoma cells to the same level. Therefore, it is inferred that the defect in LK1 resides in the interaction of stimulatory G proteins and the actual catalyst.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1990

Human proliferative sparganosis. A new Japanese case.

Human proliferative sparganosis is a rare parasitic disease in which the larval cestodes of unknown species proliferate in the various organs in the whole body. The authors describe a patient with innumerable parasites in the buttock and pelvic bone. The parasites were of globular or egg-like forms, up to 3 mm in diameter. Histologically, the wavy tegument, a few layers of epidermal cells, underdeveloped muscle cells, excretory channels, and calcareous corpuscles were found in the parasites. These morphologic findings confirmed the nature of maldifferentiated plerocercoid. The serologic data suggested a close relation between Sparganum proliferum and Spirometra erinacei.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Basic and clinical studies on a new method for detecting anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody, using high density particles].

We developed a new method for detecting anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody, using high density particles (HDP). We characterized the HDP, and also studied the clinical applicability of the HDP agglutination method (HDPA). HDP were uniform, spherical particles, having a specific gravity of 2.0 and a mean particle volume of 18 fl. Adsorption of IgG by HDP was approximately 2 times that by polystyrene latex. The sensitized antigen to the HDP, extracted from the Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mac strain) bound specifically to the anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody. With HDPA, the antibody was determined within 30 minutes, which was more rapid than with other routine methods such as complement fixation test, passive hemagglutination test and particle agglutination test (PA). HDPA showed excellent correlation with PA. However, the titers with HDPA were generally 2 to 5 tubes higher than that with PA. A follow-up study on 7 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia revealed remarkably high titers of anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies in the acute phase of mycoplasma pneumonia by HDPA, compared to that by PA. HDPA is highly sensitive and specific test for detection of anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody, and useful for rapid diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1990

[Balloon-occluded arterial infusion as chemotherapy in bladder cancer--long-term results].

One hundred three patients with bladder cancer underwent balloon-occluded arterial infusion. In 66 patients whose therapeutic effects could be evaluated by endoscope, CT and angiography, the anti-tumor effective rate (CR + PR) was 78.8%. In 15 patients who were not treated by trans-urethral resection or total cystectomy but BOAI, one-year cumulative survival rate was 46.7% and the two-year rate 13.3%. The longest survival period after BOAI was 7 years and 8 months. 133Xe activity of bladder tumor area in BOAI was 6.60 times higher than in simple arterial infusion. BOAI was thought to be a promising conservative treatment in advanced bladder cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Lyme disease].

Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder caused by a tick-transmitted spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical manifestations typically begin with characteristic skin lesions, erythema (chronicum) migrans. Weeks to months later, some patients develop the second stage of the illness characterized by neurologic abnormalities, migratory joint pain, cardiac involvement. Months to years later, in many patients the disease progresses to the third stage of manifestation such as chronic arthritis, chronic encephalomyelitis, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and keratitis. Zoonotic infection with B. burgdorferi is also widespread within endemic regions among domestic as well as wild animals. The diagnosis is based on clinical and epidemiological findings in most patients, particularly those with erythema migrans or tick bites. Detection of specific antibodies to B. burgdorferi is a useful confirmatory test in many patients. In atypical cases, a positive test result can be valuable for determining the diagnosis. However, serologic testing in Lyme disease is not yet standardized and the results obtained from different assay systems or commercial kits may vary. Moreover, because of poor agreement in sensitivity and/or specificity, data obtained from different laboratories are not comparable. We emphasize that serologic findings must be interpreted with caution; the physician must beware of its strengths and limitations.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on growth of Pasteurella multocida on BTB agar].

It has been reported that the Pasteurella multocida does not grow on the BTB agar. Therefore, this medium has been used as selective and differential medium for Pasteurella multocida. However, we have experienced that some of the Pasteurella multocida from the patient's materials grew on the BTB agar. Here, we will report on the studies of the growth of the Pasteurella multocida strain on the BTB agar. Ten strains of Pasteurella multocida from humans and animals were used as the test strains. Those were adjusted to McFarland No. 5 by the sterilized physiological saline and inoculated on the agars. We compared commercially prepared BTB agars from 3 companies and BTB agars prepared by our-self from dehydrated culture medium. Blood, Chocolate, Nutrient and MacConkey agar were also used in this study. As for the growth of the Pasteurella multocida, we checked the pH of each agar and the temperature during the cultivation. The results are as follows: 1) Pasteurella multocida was confirmed to grow on all of the BTB agar. 2) Pasteurella multocida grew most heavily at 37 degrees C and pH of 7.4 to 8.2. 3) The difference of the growth on each agar was considered to be the difference of the pH and nutritional condition of the agar.

Agar↗
PubMed1989

Synergistic enhancement of class I major histocompatibility complex antigen expression in K562 cells induced by recombinant human interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor in combination.

The effects of recombinant preparations of human interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor (rTNF), alone or in combination, on class I or class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen induction were studied using K562, a multipotent hematopoietic precursor cell line. Class I antigens were weakly induced by rIFN-gamma; however, rTNF at any concentration examined (1-1000 U/ml) showed no effect on the induction of class I or class II antigens in the cells. rIFN-gamma (600 U/ml) induced approximately 20% of the cells to express class I antigens after 72-h exposure, whereas 81% of the cells demonstrated class I antigens on their cell surfaces when the cells were simultaneously exposed to 600 U/ml of rIFN-gamma and 1000 U/ml of rTNF. The class II MHC antigens were not induced by the treatments with rIFN-gamma or rTNF, alone or in combination. A synergistic increase of mRNA for class I MHC molecules was demonstrated by treatments of the cells with rIFN-gamma and rTNF in combination. rTNF, but not rIFN-gamma, weakly induced granulocyte-monocyte antigens on the cell surface; however, no synergism was observed on the induction of these antigens by the combined treatments with rIFN-gamma and rTNF. These results indicate that class I MHC antigen expression on K562 cells can be induced by IFN-gamma in cooperation with TNF in a manner different from myeloid antigen expression.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗