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Biomedical subjects

M Kaufmann

Publications and source records attributed to M Kaufmann.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Diagnostic and therapeutic pleuroscopy. Experience with 127 patients.

Experience with 127 pleuroscopies using the mediastinoscope is reviewed. The most frequent indications were pleural effusion (73 patients), pleural involvement by tumor (14), empyema (14), and recurrent pneumothorax (14). Findings were diagnostic in 119 of 127 patients (93.7 percent). Pleural metastases were found in 63 patients, primary pleural or lung tumor in six, nonspecific or tuberculous empyema in 17, emphysematous blebs in 12 and less common findings in the remainder. Pleuroscopy was usefully employed to determine chest wall penetration by a malignant lung tumor in five patients with severely restricted pulmonary reserve. Positive findings helped to avoid unnecessary thoracotomy. There were two minor complications and no deaths. Malignant pleural effusion causing dyspnea was managed successfully by talc insufflation under direct vision in 35 of 39 patients. Talc was also used, with equal success and without complications, in eight patients with recurrent pneumothorax and in two with empyema after evacuation of pus. We conclude that pleuroscopy is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, simple and well tolerated, with the diagnostic yield of over 90 percent and virtually free of complications. It provides the best way of insufflating talc for pleurodesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Adriamycin-combination chemotherapy with or without immune stimulation by corynebacterium parvum in metastasizing carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)].

In a randomised, multicentre study the effect of changing the combined cytostatic treatment with VAC (vincristin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide) to FMC (fluorouracil, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide) was tested, as well as the effect of active non-specific immune stimulation with Corynebacterium parvum, and compared with a control group. In 59 of 120 patients (49%) in whom the results could be analysed there was a measurable significant regression of tumour size to less than 50% of its initial value. The course was stabilized in a further 43 (36%) women. Further tumour-growth progression or death in the early phase of treatment occurred in only 18 women (15%). Average remission was 16 months. Median survival time from start of the study in all analysable patients averaged 22 months. Patients with an ulcer at the site of application of Corynebacterium parvum had a clearly prolonged survival time. In all, immune stimulation with Corynebacterium parvum was no better, either with regard to the remission rate, remission duration or survival time.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in malignancies.

The leukocyte alklaine phosphatase (LAP) levels were determined in 183 patients with malignant diseases and 71 normal controls. The median LAP scores were 64 units (range 0 to 290) for the patients and 55 (range 2 to 158) for the controls, respectively, and no significant difference could be established. When analyzed according to primary malignancy, only in patients with Hodgkin's disease (n = 14) was the median value higher than normal (p less than 0.001). In patients with distant metastases (n = 48), higher LAP levels were demonstrated (M = 76, range 21 to 290) as compared to patients with no evidence of metastases (M = 53, range 0 to 229), (p less than 0.01). Thus, LAP activity has very limited value in the diagnosis of malignancies. Its elevation in the presence of malignant disease might, however, indicate metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Functional and oncologic results after bronchial or blood vessel anastomosis in the resection therapy of bronchogenic carcinoma].

In treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma twelve selected patients had economical resections. To avoid a pneumonectomy, lobectomies or bilobectomies were associated twice with bronchial excision, 8 times with bronchial resection (sleeve resection) and twice with resection and anastomosis of pulmonary artery. Nine patients underwent clinical, radiologic and szintigraphic control. Except one case all patients showed good functional results. The anastomosed lobes were perfused and ventilated proportionally to the number of segments. The quality of life after partial pulmonary resections had deteriorated only to a small extent compared with the preoperative state. These results were emphasized by the only poor result which (after atelectasis of the anastomosed lung) corresponded functionally to a pneumonectomy. --The two cases of anastomosis of pulmonary artery showed a short survival. Both corresponded to a stage II of tumor classification. Of the other patients (all stage I) three are alive more than five years.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Immunodiagnostic aspects of breast cancer. The phenomenon of leukocyte adherence inhibition].

In 39 patients with breast cancer and in 38 female controls the leucocyte adherence was tested in glass tubes in the presence of a series of extracts of breast cancer and control tissues. It was shown that the adherence of leucocytes of patients with operable carcinoma of the breast (stage I/II) is selectively inhibited by extracts from breast cancer tissues. Leucocyte adherence inhibition tests could thus become important for immunodiagnostics.

Breast Neoplasms↗