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Biomedical subjects

M Kasai

Publications and source records attributed to M Kasai.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Characteristics of two cell lines (TE-1 and TE-2) derived from human squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Two epithelial cell lines (TE-1 and TE-2) have been established from a well or poorly differentiated human squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. TE-1 has been subcultured 120 times during 2 years and 10 months, and TE-2, 50 times for almost 2 years. Cultured cells grew as isolated and piled-up colonies of epithelial cells. The average doubling time of the TE-1 cell line was 60 hr and that of TE-2, 72 hr. Distinctive marker chromosomes and a male karyotype were present in TE-1, but no marker chromosomes were seen in TE-2. Scanning electron microscopic examinations of both TE-1 and TE-2 confirmed the presence of desmosomes and interdigitated microvilli. Transmission electron micrographs of TE-1 showed the presence of abundant cell organelles, and a few organelles were found in the scanty cytoplasm of TE-2. There was a marked difference in the cell organelles between TE-1 and TE-2. Heterotransplantation of the cultured TE-1 and TE-2 cells produced tumors, the histological appearance of which was similar to that of the original ones. The carcinoembryonic antigen level of the medium in the confluent culture of TE-2 was 270 ng/10(6) cells. In the cytoplasm of TE-1 cells the number of paracrystals, which were produced by treatment with vinblastine sulfate, increased by the addition of cholera toxin to the medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Ionic permeability of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles measured by light scattering method.

The volume change of sarcoplasmic retriculum vesicles was followed by measuring the light scattering intensity. When the salt concentration of the suspension of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles was increased by using a stopped flow apparatus, the light scattering intensity rapidly increased at the beginning and then decreased. The fast increase in the light scattering intensity is caused by the decrease of the volume of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles due to the outflow of water. The following decrease in the light scattering intensity is caused by the increase of the volume due to the inflow of the solutes and water. From the former and the latter rates, the permeation times of water and the solutes could be calculated, respectively. According to the same method, permeation times of various salts were determined. The rate of the inflow of the salts was dependent on the movement of the slower ions, that is, ions move as a pair. In the case of potassium salts, an increase in the permeation rate of the salts was observed when valinomycin was added to the membrane suspensions. From these experiments, as a measure of permeability, half permeation times of various ions and molecules were determined. The following are typical results: water 0.1, Li+ 36, Na+ 26, K+20, Rb+ 16, Cl- 0.4, methanesulfonate 20, phosphate 10.5, oxalate 40 in seconds at room temperature. As a whole, sarcoplasmic reticulum was found to be an anion permeable membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Entire colon aganglionosis, and extensive aganglionosis: analysis of 94 cases in Japan.

Incidence, sex distribution, length of the involved bowel, associated malformations, treatment and operative results were analysed in 94 cases of entire colon aganglionosis, 87 of which were collected from 42 institutions in Japan and seven treated in our department. In this series, 62 were entire colon aganglionosis and 32 were extensive aganglionosis. Incidence of entire colon aganglionosis was four per cent of all aganglionosis seen, and that of extensive aganglionosis was two per cent. Male: female ratio was 2:1 in cases with entire colon aganglionosis and 1.3:1 in extensive aganglionosis. Associated malformation was rare in both of entire colon, or extensive aganglionosis. Of the 94 cases, 41 cases survived neonatal period, and cure was obtained in 23 of entire colon aganglionosis and three of extensive aganglionosis.

Colon↗
PubMed1978

Reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis in canine renal transplantation.

Reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis was investigated by 3H-thymidine uptake of peripheral lymphocytes. Canine renal allotransplantations were performed in 19 dogs, which were divided into three groups by different immunosuppressive therapies. The first group, not treated with any immunosuppressants, showed the highest 3H-thymidine uptake, but the third group, treated with prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg/day) and azathioprine (4 mg/kg/day), did not show remarkable 3H-thymidine uptake except for 2 dogs which died of severe acute rejection. Single use of prednisolone (second group) was less effective in suppression of blastogenesis compared with the combined use of azathioprine and prednisolone. In addition to these experiments, the effects of surgical operation, blood transfusion, and infection on lymphocyte blastogenesis were investigated. Renal autotransplantation did not produce remarkable blastogenesis, but blood transfusion and infection caused strong lymphocyte blastogenesis. Periodical increases of 3H-thymidine uptake were observed in the infected animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Identification of T-lymphocytes in human renal allografts and urine by the fluorescent antibody technique using anti-human T-lymphocyte serum (AHTS).

Immunopathological investigations of the small round cells infiltrating into the tissues of human renal allografts and also those in urinary sediments were performed, using anti-human T-lymphocyte serum (AHTS). AHTS made from ALS is highly specific for T cells, but not for B cells. Tissues obtained by needle biopsy were examined by immunofluorescent staining and conventional histopathological methods. Urinary sediments were obtained from centrifugated fresh urine. Sediments were checked by immunofluorescent and Giemsa staining. Fluorescent positive cells were seen in the interstitial tissues and occasionally in renal glomeruli. Clustered cell-debris in the lumen of renal tubules was also stained by AHTS. In the urinary sediments, about a half of the lymphoic cells were stained by AHTS. The relationship between lymphocyturia and numerous infiltrating cells in the grafts during the rejection crisis has not been clarified. In this experiments, we tried to identify the detailed process of excretion of T cells to urine from renal tissues, using immunopathological methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Operative procedures for choledochal cyst.

Fifty one operations for choledochal cyst were carried out upon 46 patients: 41 as a primary operation and 10 as reoperation. An excision of choledochal cyst with hepaticojejunostomy in Roux-en-Y fashion at the second laparotomy gave a favorable results in all patients who suffered recurrent symptoms after the previous anastomotic procedure. Comparing operation time, blood loss and operative results of the reoperations with those of the primary, it was concluded that all choledochal cyst should be excised at the first operation unless other reason avoiding excision exists. Hepatic portojejunostomy is recommended for choledochal cyst with an associated distal atresia and the hypoplastic hepatic duct.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus. Report of two cases successfully treated by intravenous high caloric nutrition and review of 59 cases collected from Japanese literature.

For the period from 1951 through 1975, 4 cases of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus have been successfully treated at the IInd Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan. Two cases of them conservatively treated with intravenous high caloric nutrition were reported. Fifty-nine Japanese cases of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus were reviewed. Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Increased absorption of iodochlorhydroxyquin by rat intestine in the presence of solubilizing agents.

The intestinal absorption of iodochlorhydroxyquin (clioquinol) by the rat was studied by determining the radioactivity in the bile, blood and several organs 90 min after direct application of 125I-labeled clioquinol into the duodenum. The addition of solubilizing agents such as carboxymethyl-cellulose and lauryl sulfate to clioquinol preparation markedly enhanced the intestinal absorption of the drug in either the presence of absence of bile secretion which, by itself, increased the drug absorption. Possible significance of the enhanced absorption of clioquinol by solubilizing agents in the etiology of subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) in Japan is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Rectoplasty with posterior triangular colonic flap--a radical new operation for Hirschsprung's disease.

Rectoplasty with posterior triangular colonic flap was devised as a new operation for Hirschsprung's disease with the purpose of eliminating the anastomotic leakage that was encountered in rectal myotomy with colectomy, retaining the original intent of the operation. The procedure was carried out on 15 patients. Postoperative function of the anorectum was clinically assessed as excellent in 12, fair in one, poor in another. The remaining patient was too young for clinical assessment of function.

Child↗
PubMed1977

The mechanism of increase in the ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles treated with n-alcohols.

Treatment of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles with aqueous n-alcohols caused inhibition of calcium uptake and enhancement of ATPase activity. With increasing alcohol concentration, the ATPase activity reached a maximum (in the case of n-butanol, at about 350 mM) and then decreased. The effect of n-butanol was extensively studied. The purified ATPase enzyme and leaky vesicles treated with Triton X-100 or phospholipase A showed high ATPase activity in the absence of n-butanol. With increasing n-butanol concentration, their atpase activities began to decrease above about 250 mM n-butanol, without any enhancement. In the presence of ATP, the turnover rate of calcium after calcium accumulation had reached a steady level was the same as that at the initial uptake. n-Butanol did not affect these rates. Kinetic analyses of these experiments were carried out. The mechanisms of calcium transport and of increase of ATPase activity in the presence of alcohol were interpreted as follows. After calcium accumulation had reached a steady level, fast influx and efflux continued; the influx was coupled with phosphorylated enzyme (E-P) formation and most of the efflux was coupled with rephosphorylation of ATP from ADP and E-P. The observed ATPase activity is the difference between these two reactions. If alcohol molecules make the vesicles leaky, calcium ions will flow out without ATP synthesis and the apparent ATPase activity will increase. The effect of alcohols on sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles was separated into two actions. The enhancement of ATPase activity was attributed to a leakage of calcium ions from the vesicles, while the decrease of ATPase activity at higher concentrations of alcohols was attributed to denaturation of the ATPase enzyme itself. The two effects were interpreted in terms of equilibrium binding of alcohol molecules to two different sites of the vesicles; leakage and denaturation sites. Similar analysis was carried out for various n-alcohols from methanol to n-heptanol. The apparent free energies of binding of the methylene groups of n-alcohols were evaluated to be -863 cal/mol for the leakage site, and -732 cal/mol for the denaturation site.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗