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Biomedical subjects

M Kanda

Publications and source records attributed to M Kanda.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma: a distinctive histological subtype of alpha-fetoprotein-producing lung carcinoma.

Seven cases of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing lung carcinoma were studied histologically to determine whether they fell into any previously described category. The patients were all males from 40 to 73 years of age and their serum AFP levels ranged from 1039 to 320,000 ng/ml. Five cases of hepatoid adenocarcinoma, one case of endodermal sinus tumour, and one case of papillary adenocarcinoma were found. The possible origins of the tumours and their differential diagnosis are discussed. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a major histological category among AFP-producing lung carcinoma; other types are less frequent. The occurrence of hepatoid adenocarcinoma in both the stomach and the lung suggests that this neoplasm may also be seen in other organs of endodermal origin. It may be a major histological subtype of AFP-producing endodermal neoplasms of non-germ cell origin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

An autopsy case of triple cancers including signet-ring cell carcinoma of the breast--report of a rare case with reference to a review of the literature.

A 67 year old Japanese woman who had been suffering from general fatigue was diagnosed as having metastasis of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bone marrow from a biopsied specimen. A clinical effortive search to the systemic organs revealed a tumor of 4 x 3 cm in size in the lower part of her left breast, which was subsequently diagnosed as the primary site histopathologically. The patient was immediately treated surgically, however, her general condition generally deteriorated and she expired 5 months after the operation. Autopsy revealed dissemination of tumor cells in the bone marrow, bilateral pleura, and soft tissue around the operated site. The autopsy additionally revealed squamous cell carcinoma of keratinizing type in the uterine cervix and well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma in the gallbladder. A review of the literature revealed this case to be the first reported case of triple cancers including signet ring-cell carcinoma of the breast, proven by autopsy in Japan.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

An autopsy case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the mediastinum, presenting multiple metastases to the small intestine and to the brain--a rare case report with a review of the literature.

An autopsy case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the mediastinum in a 25-year-old Japanese man is described. He initially complained of general fatigue and intermittent tarry stool, and was radiographically revealed to have a huge mass within the mediastinum as well as multiple nodules within the abdominal cavity, respectively. The mediastinal tumor could not be resected because of direct tumor invasion into surrounding tissues. Within the abdominal cavity, three distinct tumor nodules were discovered in the jejunum, which could be resected surgically. Histopathologically, the components of both lesions were very similar, and the present case was interpreted as multiple metastases of mediastinal MFH to the intestinal wall. In spite of various kinds of treatment, the mediastinal tumor rapidly enlarged, causing SVC syndrome. Brain CT findings suggested multiple metastases which were considered to be the cause of death. Autopsy confirmed that the main tumor nodule was located within the mediastinum, with brain metastases. The present case of mediastinal MFH is considered to be the youngest case as well as the first case presenting intestinal metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case of coexisting malignant carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma in the papilla of Vater.

A 47-year-old Japanese woman in whom obstructive jaundice had already been diagnosed, was found to have a dome-shaped elevated tumor approximately 3 cm in diameter located in the area very close to the papilla of Vater on endoscopical and radiographical investigations. Histopathologically, the resected tumor was composed mainly of solid nests of atypical argyrophilic cells, and partially of an area of well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, showing mutual transition in the mucosal layer. Both immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses confirmed the difference in character of tumor cells between these two areas: neuroendocrine cell carcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma of common type in the intestine. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third case reported to be a coexisting malignant carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma arising in the periampullary region.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Multiple carcinomata associated with anomalous arrangement of the biliary and pancreatic duct system. A report of two cases with a literature survey.

Two rare cases of multiple neoplasms occurring in association with anomalous arrangement of the pancreatobiliary duct system (PBD) are reported. Ultrasonography, computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed cholecystic tumor in the first case, and multiple choledochocholecystic tumors in the second case. In the first case, pancreatic tumor was discovered two years after cholecystectomy. In the second case, a pancreatic tumor was discovered incidentally in the removed pancreatic head after the operation. The histology of all of these biliary and pancreatic tumors revealed papillary adenocarcinoma in both patients, and additionally small pancreatic endocrine tumors were found in the first case. Postoperative prognosis was comfortably favorable in both patients. In a literature survey, two other cases of double carcinomata associated with anomalous PBD were found, in which the tumors showed the same histology of papillary adenocarcinoma and the postoperative prognoses were also good. These mutual clinicopathological features appear to suggest that this abnormal condition acts as a carcinogenetic risk factor in the pancreatic duct and the biliary duct system, and may finally cause multiple carcinomata in the PBD.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemical studies of seven cases.

An immunohistochemical analysis using a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies against myoglobin, desmin, vimentin, actin, NSE, S-100 protein and keratin was done on alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (3 cases), embryonal (3) and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit (1). All tumors were stained by monoclonal antibodies to desmin and vimentin, whereas 6 of the 7 cases were stained by myoglobin. The results indicate that desmin and vimentin are highly sensitive immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma, especially in poorly differentiated ones.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the pancreas. A clinicopathologic study of six patients.

A clinicopathologic study was conducted on six patients with intraductal papillary neoplasms of the pancreas. The patients were of both sexes and their ages ranged from 64 to 79 years. Three patients had a long history of symptoms mimicking chronic pancreatitis. The tumors involved the main pancreatic duct in the head-body region either diffusely or focally. Histologic examination showed papillary proliferations of well-differentiated, mucus-secreting cells that occasionally stained for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9). The proliferations filled the main pancreatic duct, and extended into smaller ducts in some cases. In three patients, the lesions contained foci of pronounced to severe cellular atypia and carcinoma in situ. None of our series or any similar cases reported in the literature has shown invasion into peripancreatic tissue, metastasis, or tumor recurrence after pancreatectomy. Because of their favorable prognosis, intraductal papillary neoplasms should be considered low-grade malignancies that must not be confused with the common ductal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

Effects of LTP-inducing tetanic stimulations of the perforant path on the commissural inhibition and facilitation of dentate granule cell discharge.

Effects of diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on the commissural influences on granule cells were first examined to further assess its GABAergic inhibitory mechanism. Whereas the commissural inhibition at an interval of 5-8 ms of the contralateral dentate-perforant path (CP) combined stimulus was not enhanced by diazepam, the commissural facilitation at a CP interval of 11-20 ms was reduced, suggesting that the GABAergic inhibition is involved in rather a part of the commissural facilitation at a CP interval of 11-20 msec than a part of the 'commissural' inhibition at a shorter CP interval. Based on the results of diazepam, effects of high-frequency stimulations of the perforant path on the commissural inhibition of dentate granule cells were then examined, in relation to their effects on the dentate paired-pulse depression. These stimulations produced the long-term potentiation of the perforant path-dentate excitatory synapse and significant reduction of the paired-pulse depression. The commissural inhibition at a CP interval of 5-8 ms remained unchanged following tetanization. The commissural facilitation at a CP interval of 11-20 ms was, however, slightly enhanced by tetanic stimulations and a statistical significance was obtained at a CP interval of 19 ms. These results imply that tetanic stimulations of the perforant path selectively reduce the GABAergic component of the commissural inhibition, as well as that of the paired-pulse depression.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Reaction mechanism of gramicidin S synthetase 1, phenylalanine racemase, of Bacillus brevis.

We have demonstrated that gramicidin S synthetase 1 (GS 1), phenylalanine racemase [EC 5.1.1.11], of Bacillus brevis catalyzes the exchange between a proton in the medium and alpha-hydrogen of phenylalanine in the course of the racemase reaction by using tritiated water or L-phenyl[2,3-3H]alanine. GS 1 from some gramicidin S non-producing mutants of B. brevis lacking phenylalanine racemase activity did not catalyze the tritium exchange reaction. The proton exchange between phenylalanine bound as thioester on the GS 1-phenylalanine complex and water in the medium was detected, but 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)-modified complex lacked both the proton exchange and phenylalanine racemase activity. It is suggested that a base group, probably a sulfhydryl group, on the enzyme functions as proton donor and acceptor during the phenylalanine racemase reaction.

Amino Acid Isomerases↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gramicidin S synthetase 1 gene.

The entire gene for gramicidin S synthetase 1 (GS 1) was cloned into the plasmid vector pUC18, and the nucleotide sequences of the GS 1 gene and its flanking region were determined. The full-length clone was 4,539 base pairs long and had an open reading frame of 3,294 nucleotides coding for 1,098 amino acids. The calculated molecular weight of 123,474 agreed with the apparent molecular weight of 120,000 found in SDS-PAGE of GS 1 from B. brevis. The nucleotide sequence of GS 1 gene was highly homologous to that of tyrocidine synthetase 1. The overall similarity between the deduced amino acid sequences of the two genes was 57.5%. The gene product of clone GS309 was easily purified to an essentially homogeneous state by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, Ultrogel AcA-34, and second DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. The purified protein catalyzed the D-phenylalanine-dependent ATP-32PPi exchange reaction which is specific for GS 1 activity, and the specific activity of the purified product was nearly the same as the purified GS 1 from B. brevis. The product also showed a weak phenylalanine racemase activity.

Amino Acid Isomerases↗
PubMed1988

Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland--report of an autopsy case and review of the literature.

A rare autopsy case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is reported herein. A 61-year-old Japanese woman with a swelling of the left neck underwent surgery and the resulting tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as pure squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. She had had the nodule for 20 years, and it was histologically diagnosed as having been a well-encapsulated, follicular adenoma. Histopathological observation of the resected glands also revealed the coexistence of pure squamous cell carcinoma, which presumably originated from the adenoma. Postoperatively, an esophagotracheal fistula formed due to local invasion of the tumor cells. The patient's state gradually deteriorated and she died of severe bronchopneumonia and renal dysfunction, 4 months after the operation. Autopsy revealed no distant metastases, but severe septicemia caused by bacterial infection affecting the systemic organs was found, which presumably resulted in multiple organ failure.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Antihypertensive effect of NKY-722, a new water-soluble 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, on conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats.

3-(4-Allyl-1-piperazinyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate dihydrochloride (NKY-722) produced a dose-dependent antihypertensive effect in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In this respect NKY-722 was more potent and longer-acting than nicardipine. In canine isolated mesenteric arteries, exposed to a Ca2+-free medium containing high K+, NKY-722 inhibited Ca2+-induced contraction in concentration-dependent manner, suggesting the calcium antagonism as the mechanism of action.

Animals↗