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Biomedical subjects

M Kanayama

Publications and source records attributed to M Kanayama.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clinical evaluation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in patients with liver diseases.

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in plasma or serum were studied in 416 patients with liver diseases: acute hepatitis (AH, n = 30); fulminant hepatitis (FH, n = 36); chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH, n = 57); chronic active hepatitis (CAH, n = 39); compensated liver cirrhosis (cLC, n = 78); decompensated liver cirrhosis (dLC, n = 84); hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 64); advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC, n = 28); and compared with that of a control group (n = 106) of healthy subjects. The t-PA levels showed significant increase in patients with AH, FH, CAH, cLC, dLC and HCC, compared with normal controls. The abnormal rates in t-PA levels (higher than 8.3 ng/ml) for each type of liver diseases were 86.1% in FH, 46.2% in CAH, 50% in cLC, 85.7% in dLC, 67.2% in HCC, and 89.3% in aHCC. t-PA levels tended to be higher in more advanced liver diseases. t-PA levels significantly correlated positively with plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in AH, cLC, dLC, HCC and aHCC, and negatively with plasmin alpha 1-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), plasminogen (Plg), FDP, AT III and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) in dLC, prothrombin time (PT) and fibrinogen (Fbg) in HCC. t-PA levels in patients with FH, CAH and dLC were significantly higher than those in patients with AH, CIH and cLC, respectively. Moreover, the changes of t-PA levels in the clinical courses of various liver diseases revealed that t-PA levels increased sensitively with progression of liver diseases or in advanced liver diseases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

A case with athetosis, mental retardation, deafness, and pachygyria.

A 6-year-old girl with pachygyria was presented. Regions of pachygiria were seen in the frontal, temporal, and parietal areas in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging. She showed athetosis, mental retardation, deafness, short stature, and microcephalus, but did not show epilepsy. A combination of these symptoms may be a new clinical entity, caused by undetermined prenatal events.

Athetosis↗
PubMed1991

Postnatal head growth in very premature infants with good outcome.

Postnatal head growth was examined retrospectively in 118 infants (male 60, female 58) born with a gestational age of from 24 to 29 weeks. Infants fulfilled the following criteria: (1) Those with hydrocephalus and small for dates (less than -1.5 standard deviation) were excluded. (2) Infants had normal intelligence and no cerebral palsy or epilepsy at 3 years of age or above. They were divided into four groups according to gestational ages: 24-26 wks (n = 21), 27 wks (n = 25), 28 wks (n = 41) and 29 wks (n = 31). The head circumference was measured at least twice monthly. The head growth curves in each group were obtained. After a transient decrease, head growth averaged 1.1-1.2 mm/day from day 21-30 to day 61-70 in all groups. From day 61-70 to 91-100 head growth averaged 1.2 mm/day at 24-26 wks and 0.8 mm/day at 27-29 wks, respectively.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1991

Clinicopathological analysis of alcoholic liver disease complicating chronic type C hepatitis.

Seventy-six chronic alcoholics in Japan were evaluated for histological changes of liver needle biopsies, Chiron C100 antibody (C-100) for hepatitis C virus, as well as clinical and laboratory data. In biopsies, the presence of necroinflammations within the parenchyma, lymphocytic reaction in the portal tracts, or both, might indicate non-A, non-B (NANB) chronic hepatitis. Using these histological criteria, the patients were previously classified into two groups: alcoholic liver disease (ALD) alone and ALD complicating NANB chronic hepatitis. The C100-positive ratio was found to be 12% in the former group and 69% in the latter. Further clinical and laboratory comparison revealed that there were significant differences in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, gamma-globulin, and adenosine deaminase levels in the sera between the ALD alone and the ALD complicating NANB chronic hepatitis groups. Since some chronic alcoholics are also affected by chronic type C hepatitis, detailed evaluations of the liver biopsy and C-100 assay are required for the differentiation of these hepatic disorders.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Hypocalcemic hyper-CK-emia in hypoparathyroidism.

A 15-year-old boy with increased serum creatine kinase (hyper-CK-emia) due to hypocalcemia in turn caused by idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (HP) is presented. Hyper-CK-emia was incidentally noted while managing a patient, aged nine, with mental retardation, epilepsy and mild hypocalcemia. Neurological examination showed normal deep tendon reflexes and no muscle weakness; electromyogram was normal. The hyper-CK-emia normalized during treatment for the hypocalcemia. Previously reported patients with hypocalcemic hyper-CK-emia or myopathy together with HP are discussed, as well as the degree of hypocalcemia and the wide spectrum of the muscle dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Localization of glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase in the liver tissue and possible mechanism of its release into blood flow].

We examined the localization of glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GPDAP) in the liver tissue and the mechanism of its release into blood flow. An immunohistochemical study using rabbit polyclonal antibody against the purified GPDAP from human liver obtained at autopsy was performed in liver biopsy samples with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase stain technique. GPDAP staining was detected on the liver cell membrane around bile canaliculi. After treatment with deoxycholic acid (DOC) or Triton X-100, this enzyme disappeared. GPDAP was solubilized rapidly from microsome of human liver by treatment with either DOC or Triton X-100. DOC or Triton X-100 solubilized GPDAP coincided with the isozyme that was the specific isozyme in sera of patients with acute hepatitis or obstructive jaundice. These results suggest that GPDAP localizes on the liver cell membrane around bile canaliculi and that this enzyme is released by the detergent action of bile acids.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1990

Improved kinetic rate assay of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase with 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as substrate.

We have improved the kinetic rate assay method for determining N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30; NAG) activity in urine with use of the synthetic substrate, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide (CNP-NAG), reported previously (Clin Chem 1988;34:2140-2). To increase the solubility of this substrate, we used crown ether (15-crown-5-ether) and ethylene glycol. In addition, we used for the standard solution NAG from human placenta, with specificity corresponding to that of human urine, so that values obtained with the CNP-NAG method and a p-nitrophenyl-NAG method ("MEI Assay NAG") correlated almost completely (r = 0.995, n = 29). Reference values for urinary NAG activity determined by the CNP-NAG method were established for untimed urine specimens from 674 healthy volunteers. The normal reference interval (mean +/- 2 SD) for NAG: 1.6-15.0 (mean 4.9) U per gram of creatinine.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1990

[Hodgkin's disease associated with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

A thirty-eight-year-old man developed gradually progressing right retro-orbital pain, diplopia on the left lateral gaze, and left ptosis. On examination paresthesia was present on the first division of right trigeminal nerve. Orbital venography revealed obstruction of right superior orbital vein on the entering portion to the cavernous sinus. A daily administration of 30 mg of prednisolone resulted in a rapid improvement of the symptoms. Diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made on the basis of neurological symptoms, roentgenographic findings and responsiveness to prednisolone. One year later, weakness of right leg accompanied with left cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy was developed. A biopsy specimen of cervical lymph node was identical with the Hodgkin's disease, lymphocyte predominance type. He was treated with COPP regimen; lymphadenopathy decreased in size. We reported a rare case of Hodgkin's disease preceded by Tolosa-hunt syndrome which might be caused by the extranodal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Fluorochromasia lymphocytotoxicity assay for detection of natural killer cell activity using fluorescein-activated cell sorter].

A new fluorochromasia lymphocytotoxicity assay using a fluorescein-activated cell sorter (FACS) was developed for detecting natural killer cell (NK) activity. Carboxy-fluorescein-diacetate (C-FDA) labeled K 562 cell was used as the target cell. An optimal labeling condition is incubation with 25 micrograms/ml of C-FDA for 1 hour to separate target cells from effector cells by FACS. These labeled cells were cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as effector cells or with heat-activated PBMC as control cells. At various effector/target cell ratios, the number of C-FDA positive cells determined by FACS showed good reproducibility (coefficient of variation ranged from 0.9 to 9.1%), and an incubation period of 4 hours was sufficient for lysis. At the end of the lysis period, the number of target cells cultured with effector cells (A) or with control cells (B) was determined by FACS. Percent NK activity was calculated according to the following formula: (1-A/B) x 100. An adequate correlation between NK activity assayed by the 51Cr-method (x) and C-FDA (y) on the same cell population simultaneously was obtained (r = 0.89, the regression curve was y = 0.86 x + 3.74). C-FDA assay using FACS appears to be a good alternative to the 51Cr assay in the detection of NK activity.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1990

[Assay of glycated fibrinogen in plasma as an indicator of blood glucose control].

A method of assay for glycated fibrinogen (C-Fbg) in plasma has been developed. This method is based on the measurement of 1-deoxy-1-morpholino-D-fructose (DMF) in the fibrinogen (Fbg) solution separated from plasma and redissolved. Twenty five NIH units of thrombin was added to 600 microliters of plasma. After incubation, the fibrin clot was separated and washed. The fibrin clot was redissolved with Owren's veronal buffer contained urokinase. After incubation, DMF was measured using a Fructosamine Kit. G-Fbg measured by this method correlated significantly with the amount of furosine that was a specific product by hydrolysis of glycated lysine residue. In this method, the CV for intraday assay ranged from 2.0 to 3.6% and that for interday assay was 3.9%. The average of G-Fbg values in 78 diabetic patients (23.8 +/- 10.7 mumol DMF/g Fbg) was significantly higher than in 26 normal subjects (9.2 +/- 3.8 mumol DMF/g Fbg). The G-Fbg value correlated with blood glucose at the same time or one day earlier than 1-2 weeks or 1 month earlier. These results suggest that assay of G-Fbg by this method may be useful in monitoring short-term control of blood glucose in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of verapamil on myocardial infarct size estimated by serial 201-thallium single-photon emission tomography].

To investigate the effects of intravenous verapamil (V) in coronary thrombolytic therapy, we serially observed the time course of perfusion of the myocardium by 201-thallium (Tl) SPECT in patients who were successfully reperfused within 6 hours from the onset. 201-Tl SPECT was attempted serially on the 1st-2nd day, the 7th-10th day and 28th-30th day. In addition to this, we calculated the count ratio of radioactivity of 99mTc-PYP (CR) in the infarcted myocardium to sternum to evaluate intracellular uptake of calcium during reperfusion. The infarct size, estimated by % Defect decreased significantly in the patients treated with V, while it remained unchanged in the patients without it. In the patients with V, the left ventricular ejection fraction was more favourable, and exercise-induced ischemia determined by redistribution of 201-Tl SPECT in the chronic phase was found more frequently. CR showed no difference between reperfused myocardium irrespective of the treatment. In conclusion, verapamil was considered to enhance myocardial salvage carried out by reperfusion, and not to affect the influx of intracellular calcium into the injured myocytes.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1989

A large myxoma of the right atrium demonstrated by thallium-201.

A rare case of right atrial myxoma in which thallium-201 gave a good delineation of the tumor was presented. In this case, the feeding arteries were seen to be highly developed on coronary arteriogram. The amount of blood containing thallium-201 supplied to the tumor through the feeding arteries was so great that the tumor was considered to be visualized by thallium-201 imaging.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

ACTH-induced seizures in an infant with West syndrome.

We report seizures induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which were demonstrated clinically and electro-encephalographically, in a severely handicapped 7-month-old infant with West syndrome due to perinatal hypoxicischemic encephalopathy. Although tonic spasms (original seizures) decreased soon after starting ACTH treatment, new brief tonic seizures, somewhat more slowly motioned than the original tonic spasms, frequently appeared only during sleep after consecutive ACTH injections for 11 days, in place of the tonic spasms seen in the waking state. After discontinuation of ACTH therapy with the last injection on the 16th day, the brief tonic seizures began to decrease and finally disappeared in 8 days. Ictal EEG of new brief tonic seizures revealed diffuse fast spiky wave bursts, 50-150 microV and 10-20 c/s, with a duration of 0.5-4 seconds, which were different from attenuation associated with low voltage rhythmic fast activity corresponding to tonic spasms, the original seizures. Therefore, we considered that the new brief tonic seizures, which appeared only during sleep in the course of ACTH therapy, were ACTH-induced seizures.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

[Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts complicated with delta beta-thalassemia-like hemoglobinopathy].

A 73 year-old man suffering from marked anemia for several years admitted in our hospital. Diagnosis was immediately made of refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts by the existence of ringed sideroblasts. Hemoglobin analysis revealed a high fetal hemoglobin, a low hemoglobin A2, a decreased beta/alpha synthetic ratio, and a decreased G gamma/A gamma synthetic ratio. This acquired hemoglobinopathy resembled delta beta-thalassemia. His anemia was remarkably improved because of the responsiveness to anabolic steroid hormone, and this abnormal globin synthetic pattern was identical as those of the normal adult. We consider this hemoglobinopathy may due to an abnormal expression of globin mRNA.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura with extremely low OKT4 positive T lymphocytes].

We present a patient with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura who had extremely low number of OKT4 positive T lymphocytes. However his lymphocytes responded normally to Leu3a and Coulter T4, which are also monoclonal antibodies that react with CD4 epitope. In vitro lymphocyte function tests revealed that helper-inducer T cell functions were normal. From these findings, we concluded that this patient had an abnormality in the epitope of CD4 positive cells. Since expression of OKT4 antigens in his mother was also low, we considered the possibility of hereditary factors although no relationship with HLA was found.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of the technetium-99m/thallium-201 overlap in acute myocardial infarction].

The region of overlap of thallium-201 (Tl) and technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc) was evaluated as a scintigraphic prognosticator of future necrosis. Serial time courses of myocardial perfusion according to Tl and left ventricular wall motion evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) were used in 22 patients. In all, dual energy emission computed tomography (dual-SPECT) showed the Tl/Tc overlap on identical slices on the third post-infarction day. According to the results of dual-SPECT, the patients were categorized in three groups: nine with large Tl/Tc overlap (group A); five with small Tc accumulation and small Tl/Tc overlap (group B); and eight with large Tl defect and Tc accumulation, which are concordant with each other (group C). Tl-201 SPECT and 2D echo were attempted serially on the 1st and 2nd days, the 7th-10th days and the 28th-30th days. To estimate infarct size with Tl-201 SPECT, we measured pixel counts of eight short-axis images with the 40% cut-off level and computed "% defect". To evaluate the viability of the myocardium, "% Tl uptake" was computed from the ROIs both in the centers of the infarct areas and their border zones. 2D echoes of the left ventricular short axis at the chordae tendineae level were recorded to identify the time course of percent fractional area change (% FAC) of the ischemic left ventricular wall. The scintigraphic results were compared with the serial changes of regional ejection fraction in the areas of infarcts and ischemic lesions. The % defect remained unchanged in group C (29.2 +/- 11.5----25.7 +/- 8.3%); whereas those of groups A and B decreased significantly (21.2 +/- 11.3----9.9 +/- 6.3%, 13.8 +/- 2.6----5.4 +/- 2.9%, respectively). In groups A and B, % FAC improved significantly in the centers of the infarct areas and the border zones, but not in group C. Exercise-induced ischemia determined by redistribution of Tl at the chronic phase was observed more frequently in groups A and B than in group C. These findings indicated that more myocardium can be saved from necrosis in group A than in group C. In conclusion, it is suggested that there is considerable viable myocardium in patients with large Tl/Tc overlap on dual-SPECT.

Aged↗