Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Kaminski.
A model is proposed for the evaluation of the procedures and practices taught within a chiropractic curriculum. Questions concerning definitions, methods of observation, science consistency, and pertinent research are asked of a given procedure in the form of a decision-making flow chart. Based on this analysis, a status is assigned that establishes a procedure's current understanding. Applications of the model are discussed.
Between 1980 to 1985 in ten patients with complete anal incontinence the autologous muscle graft introduced by Schmidt has been used. The operative results obtained were good for satisfactory in nine patients whereas in one patient the operation failed.
The rates of third-degree tears in deliveries with and without episiotomy were compared in five samples: three French samples, a Belgian one and a Dutch one. Those samples corresponded to 48,430 single vaginal deliveries. The rates of episiotomy ranged from 29.3% to 54.2%. The results demonstrate that the risk of third-degree tears in vertex uncomplicated deliveries without episiotomy is low, and that in numerous cases third-degree tears are not prevented by an episiotomy. When uncomplicated deliveries of primipara were considered, results from four of the five samples showed that third-degree tears were not significantly more frequent in deliveries without episiotomy.
Recent trends in mortality among adolescents and young adults in 10 countries belonging to the European Community are described. Data are from official sources for the countries concerned. "Causes of death for age groups 10-14, 15-19 and 20-24 are analyzed by sex for the Community as a whole and for each country separately. Trends over the period 1960-1980 are also analyzed. The marked increase in mortality rates between ages 10 and 20 is explained by the growing importance of traffic accidents. In some countries, however, traffic mortality has declined. Suicide levels though have increased everywhere." (SUMMARY IN FRE)
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Genetic variants at eight blood loci were analysed, disclosing in Andalusian breed six rare markers: variants J of transferrin, H of esterase, D and S of Xk, M and W of prealbumin. Two of these, TfJ and PrM appear as characteristic markers of Andalusian breed. Allelic frequencies showed minor differences between Spanish (300 horses) and Lusitanian (100 horses) populations. Comparison was established with historically related breeds, Thoroughbreds or Connemara, and with Arab horses because of a presumed relationship. No visible similarities in genetic profiles were found with two former breeds, nor with Arab horses. Unpredicted similarities were found however between Tarpans and Andalusian horses, appearing rather as convergences than witnessing a common ancestry.
Data from a national sample of births in France in 1981 were used to analyse the relationship between occupational activity, antenatal care and pregnancy outcome among immigrant women. On the whole, occupational activity was less common among immigrant than among French women, although the occupational activity rate varied according to country of origin. Among French women, work during pregnancy was related to better antenatal care and more favourable outcome. The same tendency was observed among immigrant women whatever their origin, though they had less qualified occupations and harder working conditions than those of French women. Occupational activity of immigrant women was more frequent among women with a higher educational level, better knowledge of the French language, and residence in France for a longer time. These characteristics were also associated with better antenatal care, but the relationship between work and antenatal care remained significant after taking them into account.
Factor XIIIa crosslinks a limited number of substrates via epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)-lysyl bond formation. It crosslinks fibrin to itself, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and fibronectin to fibrin, and fibronectin to collagen. Results presented here show that plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a substrate for factor XIIIa and can be crosslinked to fibrin during gel formation. vWF-fibrin crosslinking was studied in purified systems and in plasma with 125I-vWF and 131I-fibrinogen. vWF incorporation into fibrin increased with time or increasing factor XIIIa. After electrophoresis of dissolved clots, distribution of 125I and 131I was measured and showed that vWF was crosslinked to the alpha chain of fibrin and entered the high-mol-wt alpha polymer. vWF-fibrin crosslinking decreased the initial rate of alpha polymer formation. Crosslinking of vWF polymer to itself could not be demonstrated under physiologic conditions but occurred if vWF was reduced first. Factor XIIIa catalyzed incorporation of putrescine into both monomeric and polymeric vWF. Altogether, these studies indicate that factor XIIIa can readily form covalent bonds between glutamine in vWF and lysine in fibrin alpha chains. This reaction occurs readily in vitro when plasma clotting is slow and may occur in vivo under similar conditions.
From national surveys on representative samples of births, in France, in 1972 and in 1981, prenatal care and outcome of pregnancy among immigrant women--having been born outside continental France--have been studied. In spite of an increase in the number of prenatal visits, between 1972 and 1981, foreign women born in North Africa or in other non-European countries in 1981 had still less prenatal visits than women born in continental France. Few differences in outcome of pregnancy according to the women's birthplace in 1981 are shown, preterm deliveries' and birthweight less than 2,500 g rates had decreased between 1972 and 1981 among most groups of women. Nevertheless, in 1981 stillbirth was more frequent among foreign women, especially women born in North Africa.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The epidemiological methods which can be used to assess preventive measures against occupational health hazards are those used in the evaluation of public health interventions in general, with specific constraints. These constraints are mainly linked to the ethical aspects of intervention concerning occupational health hazards, to the long latency period of occupation related diseases, and to the complexity of the preventive actions. They probably explain in part why evaluative studies of preventive actions against occupational health hazards remain rare, and the methods used often inappropriate. Nonetheless, assessment of the efficacy of preventive measures at the workplace is necessary, and adequate methods do exist.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Relationships between occupation, working conditions, and the development and outcome of pregnancy were analysed on a sample of women employed in hospital during their pregnancy. Ancillary staff members experienced more uterine contractions during pregnancy, more preterm deliveries, and more low birthweight infants than those performing other duties; this remained true after adjusting for social characteristics. The rate of preterm delivery was significantly higher in the presence of at least two of the following arduous working conditions: stand-up work, carrying heavy loads (exclusive of patients), and heavy cleaning tasks; this was so, whatever the occupation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Fibrin monomer Sepharose was used to investigate the interactions of thrombin with fibrin. Thrombin binding was found to be reversible and saturable and to depend on the thrombin: fibrin ratio. Scatchard analysis indicated a single class of binding sites with K alpha = 4.9 X 10(5) M-1. Ca2+ ions caused rapid desorption and elution of thrombin from fibrin monomer, and the Ca2+ concentration needed for maximal desorption depended on the fibrin:thrombin ratio. Mg2+, Mn2+, and Sr2+ also released thrombin from fibrin monomer but not as efficiently as Ca2+. These results indicate that divalent metal ions induce a physical change in fibrin monomer which results in desorption of thrombin. Thrombin binding to fibrin in a gel was compared to binding to fibrin monomer. These studies showed that as fibrin monomers polymerize to form the gel network, thrombin is released. Under static conditions the released thrombin remains associated with the gel because diffusion is limited by the gel. However, the thrombin can be readily removed when buffer is allowed to flow through the gel. These results lead to the possibility that thrombin binding to fibrin monomer and its subsequent release, either by Ca2+ or by polymerization, may have important consequences for regulating the effective thrombin concentration in vivo.