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Biomedical subjects

M Jung

Publications and source records attributed to M Jung.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluorescence-labeled octapeptides as substrates for histone deacetylase.

The determination of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and the screening of potential inhibitors is gaining increasing importance due to the involvement of HDAC in transcription regulation. The level of histone acetylation can be modulated by HDAC inhibitors resulting in differentiation and/or apoptosis in cancer cells. We have previously reported the development of a nonisotopic assay for HDAC using a fluorescent derivative of epsilon-acetyl lysine. Here we report fluorescein-labeled octapeptides which are substrates for HDAC that bear closer resemblance to the native substrate. HPLC with fluorescence detection is successfully applied to the analysis of the time- and site-dependent deacetylation. LC-MS analyses are used to confirm the findings. The observed selectivity toward one of two possible deacetylation sites might result from steric hindrance by the label but the methodology presented here could be applied to similar larger peptides which might be improved tools to characterize HDAC site selectivity in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 in vitro and in vivo modulates binding to its DNA consensus sequence.

The tumor-suppressor p53 undergoes extensive poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation early during apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells, and degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) attached to p53 coincides with poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1, (PARP-1) cleavage, and expression of p53 target genes. The mechanism by which poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation may regulate p53 function has now been investigated. Purified wild-type PARP-1 catalyzed the poly(ADP-ribosyl) of full-length p53 in vitro. In gel supershift assays, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation suppressed p53 binding to its DNA consensus sequence; however, when p53 remained unmodified in the presence of inactive mutant PARP-1, it retained sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 by PARP-1 during early apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells also inhibited p53 interaction with its DNA consensus sequence; thus, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation may represent a novel means for regulating transcriptional activation by p53 in vivo.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Long-term results after mediocarpal and total arthrodesis of the wrist--a matched paired study].

AIM: Indications for total wrist arthrodesis are still a matter of discussion. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term results (mean 118 +/- 49.5 months) of total wrist arthrodesis (TA) in comparison to mediocarpal arthrodesis (MA). METHOD: A paired study of the TA group and the MA group was performed including 22 patients after posttraumatic wrist arthrosis in each group. Subjective, objective and radiological parameters were assessed. In addition, the modified Mayo wrist score, the DASH score and the SF-36 were utilized. RESULTS: Mean pain did not differ significantly in both groups. Mean wrist function (DASH) was assessed better by MA patients (25.3 +/- 25.8) compared to TA patients (35.5 +/- 25.9; p > 0.1). Mean total wrist motion in the MA group was 66.1 % of the opposite side. The average grip strength of the TA group was 85.5 % +/- 58.4 % and of the MA group 79.9 % +/- 25.4 % of the uninvolved wrist. The Mayo score of the MA group (56.4 +/- 12.4) was significantly higher than in the TA group (65.9 +/- 16.3; p = 0.04). The SF-36 showed no significant difference between both groups. CONCLUSION: In self-assessment, pain was of higher importance then wrist motion. According to our findings the type of arthrodesis did not influence patient satisfaction. Total wrist arthrodesis should not be excluded categorically as a possible alternative to mediocarpal arthrodesis.

Arthralgia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aggressiveness, onset of dependence, and treatment outcome in socially well-adapted alcoholics.

Current typologies of alcoholism derive from the whole spectrum of afflicted persons. One type is characterized by variables such as early onset of dependence, violence, and aggressiveness. In previous research, this has been shown to be correlated with poorer prognosis. We tested this association in a fairly homogeneous subgroup of 258 socially rather well-adjusted male inpatients. Aggressiveness was assessed psychometrically. As a group, patients did not differ from general population norms. However, age was negatively correlated with aggressiveness. Even after taking patients' age and duration of dependence into account, aggressiveness was associated with an early onset of dependence and further aspects of drinking history, thus confirming results from previous typology research. Overall treatment outcome after 6 and 12 months was quite good, but was not influenced by aggression.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Finishing and polishing of a hybrid composite and a heat-pressed glass ceramic.

This study assessed the finishing and polishing of a hybrid composite and a glass-ceramic. Ninety Tetric specimens were divided into three groups of 30 specimens and finished with three different finishing procedures. The 30 specimens were subsequently subdivided into six groups of five and polished using the following polishing systems: Sof-Lex disks, the Ceramiste kit, a diamond polisher, Diafix-oral, the MPS gel and the Politip system. Seventy-five IPS-Empress specimens were divided into groups of 25 and finished with three different procedures. The 25 specimens were then subdivided into five groups of five and polished with the same systems, except for the Politip technique. The polished surfaces were evaluated quantitatively by laser stylus profilometry with respect to Ra and profile-length-ratio (LR). Qualitative assessment was carried out by SEM. Quantitative results were examined statistically by one- and two-way Anova and LSD test with significance level of 0.05. The lowest roughness on composite specimens was achieved by the MPS gel and Diafix after finishing according to FM 3 and FM 2. With respect to all methods used, there were no significant differences among the five methods with the lowest Ra-values. The ceramic specimens were able to be polished to lower roughness values (p<0.001 for LR). The best results on ceramic surfaces were achieved with the MPS system after finishing according to FM 3 and FM 2. There were no significant differences among the three methods with the lowest Ra-values and the glazed surface. SEM evaluation largely confirmed the quantitative results. Composite specimens exhibited signs of selective resin matrix removal when the Ceramiste system or the Politip system were used.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acid-base balance and blood gases changes and "lactate excess" in acute respiratory alkalosis during general anaesthesia.

In 40 young males aged 18-20 years operated on for inguinal hernioplasty acute respiratory alkalosis was obtained in the 45th minute of general anaesthesia. The values of basic acid-base balance parameters, blood gases, pyruvate and lactate levels and "lactate excess" were determined before and after hyperventilation. Shifts in the concentrations of hydrogen and bicarbonate ions were found which are both typical of acute respiratory alkalosis. No changes were observed in the oxygenation of capillary blood and the values of "lactate excess" were normal which rules out tissue hypoxia during acute respiratory alkalosis. Passive hyperventilation being a less dangerous alternative of hypoventilation is a frequent occurrence during general anaesthesia and it causes transient respiratory alkalosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Finishing and polishing of indirect composite and ceramic inlays in-vivo: occlusal surfaces.

This study evaluated occlusal margins and surfaces of composite and ceramic inlays after finishing and polishing in vivo. Eighty Class II cavities surrounded by enamel were prepared by two experienced dentists. Forty cavities were restored with indirect microhybrid composite inlays (Tetric), the balance were treated with heat-pressed glass ceramic inlays (IPS Empress). Using a rubber dam, the inlays were inserted adhesively with a dual curing composite of high viscosity (Variolink Ultra). Finishing was performed with the sequence of a 30 microm and 20 microm diamond (finishing method FM 1) or a 30 microm diamond followed by a tungsten carbide finishing bur (FM 2). The composite inlays were divided into four groups of 10 that were finished and polished according to the following protocol: (A) FM 2/Diafix-oral, (B) FM 2/MPS gel, (C) FM 1/Diafix-oral, (D) FM 1/MPS gel. Ten ceramic inlays each were treated as follows: (E) FM 2/MPS gel, (F) FM 1/MPS gel, (G) FM 2/ Diamond polisher, (H) FM 1/Ceramiste silicon polishers. After polishing, replicas of the restorations were fabricated. The replicas were examined by SEM with respect to margin quality (portion of continuous margins, overhangs, submargination and marginal imperfections). Furthermore, surface properties were evaluated qualitatively, which included assessing roundness of the contours in three grades (smooth rounding, few edged contours or predominantly edged contours) and evaluation of the surface roughness (smooth and homogeneous surface, minor roughness or severe roughness). Quantitative analysis of the occlusal composite and ceramic inlay margins showed that 52.2%-84.6% were rated as continuous, 0%-14.0% were characterized by overhangs and 0.7%-10.8% by submargination. A portion of 4.9%-18.1% margins revealed imperfections. The amount of marginal gap formation was negligible. Composite and ceramic inlays showed a similar behavior with respect to marginal quality after finishing and polishing. Overall, there were no significant differences among the four methods applied to composite and the four methods used on ceramic inlays with respect to margin quality. The use of a 30 microm diamond followed by a tungsten carbide bur on composite and ceramic inlays resulted in a significantly larger portion of continuous margins compared to finishing with two diamonds (p=0.049). Qualitative evaluation of composite and ceramic inlays revealed that 50%-80% of the occlusal surfaces were characterized by few edged contours and 10%-50% by smooth rounding. With respect to roughness, smooth surfaces prevailed both on composite (67.5%-80.0%) and ceramic inlays (64.5%-77.3%). Overall, no significant differences were detectable between the methods for finishing and polishing composite inlays and the methods applied to ceramic restorations with respect to roundness of contours and surface roughness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The complement fixation reaction: a traditional, updated method for the detection of antibodies in the diagnosis of infections].

Complement-fixation (CF) is still an important basic serologic test for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In several areas of microbiology (viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal) it has served as a reference standard against which other methods have been compared. Its partial displacement by other techniques, as advocated in some recent literature, is often unfounded and uncritical; displacement is mostly due not to problems inherent in the method, but rather to the lack of reagents of satisfactory quality. The CF technique has been greatly improved in recent years. Improvements include the replacement of reaction tubes with microtiter 96-well plate systems, the availability of semi-automated and automated pipetting devices, the wide range of commercially offered antigens (over 60, by far larger than the range of antigens available for other test systems), an extreme stability of freeze-dried reagents with shelf-lives over decades and, last but not least, low reagent costs (particularly if compared with some other methods). For some diseases CF is still the method of choice (Campylobacter jejuni, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Influenza A and B and some other respiratory viruses). CF has been recognized as a confirmatory test for Lyme disease (B. burgdorferi) and, probably, for Legionellosis. It has been used routinely for the follow-up of antibiotic treatment in syphilis and, recently, in Helicobacter pylori infections. A positive CF result is also indicative for the treatment of complications in Entamoeba histolytica carriers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Complement Fixation Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mild liver abnormalities associated with elevated plasma factor VII and protein C in hypertriglyceridaemic patients.

OBJECTIVES: It is now well established that not only atheroma, but also thrombosis play a key role in coronary heart disease. High levels of some haemostatic parameters, which increase the risk of thrombosis, are often associated with lipid abnormalities. The mechanism by which patients with hyperlipidaemia display an increase in some haemostatic parameters remains to be established. Therefore, in this study, we measured factor VII antigen and its clotting activity as well as protein C-activity in a population of patients who had been referred to us for hyperlipidaemia. METHODS: We carefully selected a population of 130 healthy asymptomatic males. The study population consisted of patients aged 45.5 +/- 12.3 years with mean (+/- SD) levels of cholesterol and triglycerides of 2.60 +/- 0.58 g/L and 1.82 +/- 1.95 g/L, respectively. RESULTS: We found higher levels of plasma factor VII activity, antigen and protein C activity in patients displaying hypertriglyceridaemia. In a univariate analysis there was a significant and positive correlation between these coagulating factors and the hepatic enzymes. In a multivariate analysis the three parameters which could significantly account for the variation of factor VII antigen were age, hepatic enzyme and triglyceride concentrations whereas only triglyceride levels were associated with factor VII activity; The parameters associated with protein C levels were the concentration of the hepatic enzymes and the levels of serum triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that mild liver abnormalities such as steatosis may be one of the factors which can lead to an increase in factor VII and protein C levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The combined immunoenzyme test: anti-HIV-1 and -2 and anti-HTLV-1 in the detection of donors with retrovirus infections].

Serums of whole blood donors, plasma donors, hemophiliacs, persons with risks behavior and normal population simultaneously were tested for markers of infectious diseases, anti-HIV-1 with Plivazim and anti-HIV-1/2 and anti-HTLV-1/2 with Roche Retrovirus EIA. The positive results were confirmed by immunofluorescence assay and Western blot. Nonspecific reactive serums were detected by Roche Retrovirus EIA and by Plivazim EIA, but there was no significant difference in the frequence of reactive results. Roche Retrovirus EIA test had specificity of 99.16% and sensibility of 97.56% as compared to Plivazim. Simultaneous testing of donors with a combined test for anti-HIV-1/2 and anti-HTLV-1 is equally reliable as testing with only anti-HIV-1.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the self-concept of alcohol dependent women and men during inpatient psychotherapy].

At the beginning and at the end of a six week treatment programme, the self-concepts of 82 male and 31 female alcoholic inpatients were assessed. The Giessen test (a 40 item questionnaire comprising six scales oriented towards psychosocial aspects of personality) was applied. Compared to normative data from the general population, patients described themselves as being more depressed, less controlled, less socially responsive and more reserved. During inpatient treatment, patients approached the levels of the general population. With regard to control and depressiveness, however, there were still significant differences at the end of inpatients treatment. Changes on scales relating to interpersonal contact (social responsiveness, openess) are discussed as specific effects of group psychotherapy. Social potency showed a significant interaction effect, with women responding better to treatment than men.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surface roughness and cutting efficiency of composite finishing instruments.

Trimming composite restorations includes gross removal of excess material, contouring, and finishing. Many surfaces such as the lingual surface of anterior teeth or the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth require the use of rigid rotating instruments. The purpose of our study was to assess the suitability of eight finishing diamonds, five tungsten carbide finishing burs, and one ceramically coated finishing instrument for trimming a small-particle hybrid composite material. A total of 70 specimens of Herculite XRV were treated with the different finishing instruments under simulated practice conditions, and surface roughness was recorded quantitatively using an optical laser pick-up. The resulting surfaces were examined qualitatively with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cutting efficiency of the diamonds and burs was evaluated at a constant pressure of 2.5 N using 42 additional specimens of Herculite XRV. Significant differences were calculated using one-way ANOVA and pairwise contrasts by Tukey's multiple range test. The results showed that finishing diamonds were characterized by high cutting efficiency and relatively rough corresponding composite surfaces, whereas tungsten carbide finishing burs led to smooth composite surfaces but had little cutting efficiency. For gross removal and contouring of composite restorations, a 15-40 microns finishing diamond is recommended followed by a tungsten carbide bur for finishing the restoration.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and biological activity of beta-ionone-derived alcohols for cancer chemoprevention.

Secondary products of plant mevalonate metabolism suppress the synthesis of mevalonate, the rate-limiting intermediate in the biosynthesis of isoprenoid derived compounds that stimulate cell proliferation. They exert their inhibitory action by the suppression of the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR). They exhibit low toxicity and have proven their efficacy in animal cancer chemoprevention studies but their growth inhibitory activities leave room for improvement. We have chosen beta-ionone (1) as a lead compound for the development of more potent inhibitors of mevalonate pathways. A series of ionone-derived alcohols have been synthesized and tested on an in-vitro model system (B16F10 mouse melanoma). We have found several derivatives which show higher growth inhibitory properties and are promising candidates for further improvement of activity.

Alcohols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of eugenol-containing temporary cements on bond strength of composite to dentin.

The effect of temporary materials on shear bond strength of composite to dentin was investigated. Sixty previously impacted (caries-free) human third molars were embedded and sectioned horizontally at the pulp chamber and at the half of the crown. The samples were covered with ZOE, Temp Bond (eugenol-containing), Fermit, (temporary resin material, used without cementing) and Provicol, (eugenol-free, calcium hydroxide-containing). All specimens were stored in saline for 10 days. After mechanical cleaning the dentin was pretreated with a dentin bonding agent (Syntac), and the composite columns were applied. Debonding was performed using a Zwick Universal Testing Machine (cross-head speed 1.5 mm/min). The mode of failure was noted using a light microscope, and the thickness of the dentin at the composite/dentin interface was measured. The median shear bond strength values for the treated and control samples were: ZOE 7.46 MPa, Temp Bond 10.22 MPa, Fermit 6.49 MPa, Provicol 8.43 MPa, and control 10.06 MPa. No two groups were significantly different at the 0.05 level (one-way ANOVA and Scheffé test). In all groups the predominant mode of failure was adhesive and there was a slight tendency towards lower shear bond strength values at lower values for the thickness of the dentin. Under the conditions described the use of eugenol-containing temporary cements had no adverse effect on shear bond strength of a dual-curing composite luting cement to dentin.

Analysis of Variance↗