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Biomedical subjects

M J Thomson

Publications and source records attributed to M J Thomson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

BRL 20459, a novel topically active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

BRL 20459 is a novel compound which displays anti-inflammatory activity when applied topically in the croton oil and cantharadin rat ear inflammation models. The compound does not inhibit uv-induced erythema in the guinea-pig or granuloma formation in the cotton pellet test in the rat. BRL 20459 does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis nor does it interact with corticosteroid receptors in the thymus. In contrast to hydrocortisone, BRL 20459 did not cause thymus involution or reduce body weight gain in rats. BRL 20459 would seem to have a different mechanism of action to hydrocortisone, but this mechanism is as yet unknown.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Comparative trial of norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of women with localized, acute, symptomatic urinary tract infections and antimicrobial effect on periurethral and fecal microflora.

Forty-three women with acute, symptomatic urinary tract infections were randomized to receive either norfloxacin (400 mg) twice daily or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160-800 mg) twice daily for 10 days. Of the 43 patients, 7 (16%) had low-count bacteriuria and pyuria and were included in the evaluation. Escherichia coli was isolated in 72% of the infections, whereas coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated in 14%. All isolates were susceptible to the assigned study drug. The MICs for 90% of the strains susceptible to norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were less than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 0.8-16 micrograms/ml, respectively. The cure rates for norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 95 and 90%, respectively. There were 17 patients with presumptive upper tract infections; only 1 of these relapsed after therapy. The effects on the periurethral flora were similar in both groups, but the infecting organism was eradicated from the fecal flora in 93% of the patients treated with norfloxacin and in 57% of the patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. More early reinfections occurred in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group, with resistant organisms appearing in urine and in the periurethral and fecal flora in all cases. Three patients in each group experienced adverse clinical effects, but these were more severe in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group. No adverse hematological or biochemical changes were noted. From these results, we concluded that norfloxacin is at least as effective as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the therapy of acute, symptomatic urinary tract infections in women.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Nabumetone (BRL 14777, 4-[6-methoxy-2-naphthyl]-butan-2-one): a new anti-inflammatory agent.

Nabumetone is a compound of novel structure which displays acute anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced oedema model in rats and the ultraviolet-induced erythema model in guinea-pigs. Its activity in these tests is greater than that of aspirin but less than that of naproxen and indomethacin. In the cotton pellet-induced granuloma model in the rat, the compound is active and produces no signs of toxicity at doses much greater than the lowest effective dose, unlike aspirin, naproxen or indomethacin. Nabumetone is also active in the adjuvant-induced arthritis test in rats. In contrast to aspirin, indomethacin and naproxen, the compound is well tolerated by the stomach of fasted rats at doses in excess of those with anti-inflammatory activity. These findings could be linked to the relatively poor ability of nabumetone to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins in vitro and to its non-acidic structure. The compound has greater mild analgesic activity than paracetamol, is equi-active with phenylbutazone, but less active than aspirin, naproxen and indomethacin. Nabumetone also has antipyretic activity in the rabbit. No interactions with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis have been found.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1980

Eating habits and caloric intake of physically active young boys, ages 10 to 14 years.

Eating habits of 104 male participants (ages 10 to 14 years) in organized ice hockey were compared across age groups and levels of competition. The boys were members of either a highly skilled and intensively active competitive league group (CL) or a less skilled, moderately active house league group (HL). Eating habits were recorded during a school day from a 24 hour recall questionnaire administered by a trained interviewer. The types and amounts of foods eaten were recorded and caloric intake was calculated. The total caloric intakes were not significantly different by age or competitive group. The boys had higher caloric intakes by age (200 kcal day-1) than reported by other studies but the caloric intake by kilogram of body weight was similar. There was a trend towards larger caloric intake by the CL boys (ages 10 and 11 years), however when divided by body weight the differences were not significant suggesting that this trend was due to a greater body weight of the CL boys and not a significantly increased caloric expenditure. The types of foods eaten (fruit, vegetables, dairy, meat, bread or "empty calories") were similar for the two activity groups and across ages 10 to 14 years. The caloric intakes of dairy and meat products of both groups were significantly higher than for the other food groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Metabolism of natural and synthetic corticosteroids in relation to their effects on mouse fetuses.

14C-glucose uptake by mouse fetuses was reduced by doses of dexamethasone, 200 mug or more, which over 2 days caused fetal death. Uptake by strain C57B1/6J greater than A/J greater than SWV. Corticosterone or cortisol, 4 mg, caused neither reduced uptake nor fetal death. These differences occurred despite similar maternal hyperglycemia in all cases. Recovery of 3H-steroid after 15 min, total and unchanged steroid per gram fetal tissue was: corticosterone 1.7 and 0.3%; dexamethasone 0.12 and 0.06% of the dose. Rapid metabolism of corticosterone apparently prevents accumulation in fetal tissue sufficient to evoke a response under these conditions.

Animals↗