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Biomedical subjects

M J Dodd

Publications and source records attributed to M J Dodd.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Suspected malignant hyperthermia in a strabismus patient. A case report.

Malignant hyperthermia is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expressivity that is caused by a membrane defect in the sarcolemma of myofibrils. A patient with strabismus (esotropia) had tachycardia and masseter muscle rigidity on exposure to succinylcholine chloride and halothane, but because of rapid recognition of the condition and discontinuation of the procedure, the potentially lethal complications of malignant hyperthermia did not develop. A serum creatine phosphokinase level showed a substantial increase above normal. Two weeks later, the patient underwent successful correction of the strabismus under general anesthesia, using morphine sulfate and thiopental sodium without complication. This condition is of interest to ophthalmologists because it occurs with increasing frequency in patients with strabismus and ptosis, and it may be triggered by certain local anesthetic agents often used by ophthalmologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Adverse reactions to D-penicillamine after gold toxicity.

The incidence of adverse reactions to D-penicillamine in 155 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was analysed and compared with their history of adverse reactions to gold. Out of 125 patients who took only D-penicillamine, 45 developed side effects from the drug, whereas of 27 patients with a history of gold toxicity, 18 also reacted adversely to D-penicillamine. All patients who took D-penicillamine within six months after an adverse reaction to gold developed side effects from D-penicillamine. Fourteen patients developed similar adverse reactions to D-penicillamine and gold, and the interval between treatments in this group was significantly shorter (p less than 0.01) than in those who developed either differing adverse reactions to both drugs or no reaction to D-penicillamine after treatment with gold. An interval exceeding six months between treatment with gold and treatment with D-penicillamine in patients who have developed adverse reactions to gold apparently reduces the risk of adverse reactions to D-penicillamine.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Adult cystinosis. A case report.

A 41-year-old man, referred because of the suspicion of retinal detachment, was found to have retinoschisis, moderately severe renal disease, and adult cystinosis with crystals in the cornea and conjunctiva. Conjunctival crystals were demonstrated by light and electron microscopy, and chemical analysis confirmed the presence of excessive amounts of cystine. Studies of renal tissue showed changes that were interpreted as being due to hypertensive vascular disease. Light and electron microscopic examination of kidney tissue showed no cystine crystals, and chemical analysis indicated only trace amounts of cystine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors influencing oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: Oral mucositis is a painful complication of chemotherapy and can greatly affect patients' morbidity and mortality. Findings from two previous studies suggested a decrease in the prevalence of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in patients with solid tumors. The purposes of this study were to follow a large cohort of outpatients to determine the prevalence of mucositis and to identify whether certain clinical factors were significant in the development of mucositis. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: In this prospective study, a convenience sample of 199 outpatients was followed for three cycles or until mucositis developed. The clinical factors monitored included the following: pretreatment dental examination/repair; initial standard chemotherapy dosage; prophylactic use of colony-stimulating factors; and use of preventive mouthwashes or other prophylactic measures. RESULTS: Oral mucositis developed in 50 patients (25.1%). Prechemotherapy dental examination/repair and initial standard chemotherapy dosage were equivalent among both groups. Of the 48 patients in whom mucositis developed, 10 (20.8%) received prophylactic colony-stimulating factors. Of 134 patients in whom mucositis did not develop, 46 (34.3%) received prophylactic colony-stimulating factors. This difference was statistically nonsignificant. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Differences in the clinical factors investigated could not explain the lower prevalence of oral mucositis among the current patient cohort. The reason for the diminishing prevalence of this side effect remains unclear, and additional parameters, particularly detailed oral hygiene practices, should be evaluated. In the meantime, oncology clinicians should consider the teaching of patients and urging them to use good oral hygiene practices as necessary and potentially preventive measures against chemotherapy-induced mucositis.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MacDibbs Mouth Assessment. A new tool to evaluate mucositis in the radiation therapy patient.

PURPOSE: The purposes of this descriptive, longitudinal study were to evaluate the MacDibbs Mouth Assessment instrument for the assessment of mucositis in the radiation therapy patient being treated for head and neck cancer and to describe the course of radiation-induced mucositis in these patients. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: This pilot study used self-report and provider assessment, as well as medical record review, to obtain data about ambulatory radiation therapy outpatients (n = 10). The participants were primarily male, white, middle-aged, married or partnered, unemployed, edentulous, currently smoking, and using alcohol. RESULTS: One or more mucositis ulcers were observed in all patients and occurred at an average of 2858.2 cGy. The corresponding Mouth Symptom Score was 5.9 (instrument range 0-21). Interrater reliability for 13 of the 14 items was 100%. The one difficulty encountered with the MacDibbs was in the measurement of ulcers longer than the periodontal probe used to measure them. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The MacDibbs should prove useful for clinicians and researchers because it is efficient, easy to use, emphasizes accurate diagnosis of oral changes, has an easily discernible endpoint, and assesses signs and symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of the oncology clinical nurse specialist in research.

Selected aspects of the role of the oncology clinical nurse specialist (OCNS) using the example of a randomized clinical trial are discussed in this paper. A conceptual framework for these aspects of the OCNS role is explicated at three levels of research involvement. Outcomes of this involvement are empiric testing of nursing interventions and demonstrating nursing's effectiveness.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting self-care with patients and family members' affective states and family functioning.

People with cancer manage the side effects of treatment with the assistance of their family members. This study was designed to describe self-care behaviors (SCBs) initiated by patients and their family members and to determine the relationship between patients and family members' affective states and family functioning and SCBs. Using a longitudinal design, 42 patients and 40 family members were followed during 3 cycles of chemotherapy (12-16 weeks). The patients completed measures of affective state (POMS) each cycle; patients and family members completed a family functioning measure (F-COPES) at second cycle only; and the patients reported in an SCB log on an ongoing basis. The overall pattern of SCBs corroborated previous findings. The average number of SCBs initiated was 1.4 per side effect. Depression and vigor significantly predicted SCBs at Cycle 1 only. The severity of side effects consistently predicted SCB over the 3 cycles (r 2 = -0.39 to -0.46). Patients who experienced more severe side effects were at risk of diminished self-care.

Adaptation, Psychological↗