The development and testing of a nursing model of morbidity in patients with cancer.
Although oncology nurses are concerned about patient morbidity associated with cancer and its treatment, a comprehensive morbidity model from the perspective of nursing has yet to be developed. The purpose of this study was to begin to develop a morbidity model relevant to patients with cancer receiving treatment in the ambulatory care setting. The model was empirically tested with a sample of 100 patients with cancer beginning chemotherapy. Three domains emerged from the model: physiologic/pathophysiologic, functional, and psychological. Indices of morbidity within each domain were tested to establish beginning reliability and validity of the model. The results that were obtained indicate significant correlations among many of the indices within each domain (e.g., performance status, mood disturbance, patients' ratings of their current health); other indices did not contribute significantly to the model (e.g., type of cancer, history of recurrent disease, and patients' assessments of their health prior to developing cancer). Although further testing and refinement of the model is indicated, these preliminary findings reflect the model's potential for significant clinical relevance. By using this model, nurses could more readily profile patients at risk for increased morbidity and target their interventions accordingly.