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Biomedical subjects

M Isacsohn

Publications and source records attributed to M Isacsohn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of group B streptococci colonization and disease in mothers and infants: update of ongoing 10-year Jerusalem study.

A study in 1984 of the colonization rates of Group B beta hemolytic streptococci (GBS) in 257 Jewish and 189 Arab parturient women revealed rates of 5.4 and 1.6% respectively. In 1987, a study of 116 Jewish women noted a rte of 3.5%. GBS colonization rates in the newborns of the three groups were 1.8, 1.3 and 1.1% respectively. No statistically significant differences were noted between any of the maternal or neonatal groups. A review of the period 1982-87 revealed a GBS neonatal sepsis attack rate of 0.2/1,000 live births. These data confirm the persistent low incidence of GBS colonization and disease in the Jerusalem area.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1990

Campylobacter pylori in Israel: prospective study of prevalence and epidemiology.

Antral biopsy samples were taken from 147 patients undergoing gastroscopy. Campylobacter pylori was cultivated from 100 of these patients. C. pylori was isolated from 76% of the specimens showing any degree of histologic gastritis, but from only 11% of specimens with completely normal histology. A questionnaire was completed on all patients and included demographic, epidemiologic and clinical information. Sephardic origin, smoking, and a bad taste in the mouth were more prevalent in the campylobacter-positive group. Previous use of antibiotics was negatively associated with the presence of C. pylori. Histologically confirmed gastritis was highly associated with the presence of C. pylori, especially in the moderate or severe grades in which 84% of biopsy specimens were positive. C. pylori was also cultivated from 50% of patients with mild gastritis, in 88% of patients with duodenal ulcer and in 71% of patients with gastric ulcer. The presence of C. pylori in 11% of normal specimens and the absence of C. pylori in 24% of specimens with gastritis further raises the question of the exact role played by C. pylori in the etiology of gastritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Vaccination against hepatitis B in children and adolescent patients on dialysis.

Twenty-one children and adolescent patients, 2-19 years of age, on renal replacement therapy were immunised at monthly intervals with three doses of 20 micrograms hepatitis B vaccine (Heptavax B, Merck Sharp & Dohme). In the absence of seroconversion, vaccination was continued with monthly doses of 40 micrograms hepatitis B vaccine until antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen became positive. The rate of seroconversion increased from 33.3% (7 of 21) to 76.1% (16 of 21) and 85.6% (18 of 21) with three, four and five vaccine injections respectively. Three patients had no immune response despite six to seven vaccine dosages; they had previously received immunosuppressive therapy. Antibody titres measured 1 year after seroconversion were found to be within the protective range (85-2500 mIU/ml). These results show that the impaired immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in young dialysis patients can be overcome by increasing the number of injections and the dose of the vaccine. Protective antibody titres are maintained for at least 1 year after vaccination. Immunosuppressive therapy may interfere with the vaccine response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Chronic neonatal coxsackie myocarditis.

A baby girl, with a birth weight of 2540 g, developed myocarditis with gross, permanent myocardial calcification. The clinical course was progressively downhill, and she died at 14 months of age. Neutralisation antibody to Coxsackie virus group B1 rose from 1:80 after delivery to 1:1280 at age 5 months. The protracted course of this infant's disease represents a new clinical form of fatal neonatal Coxsackie virus group B infection.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1987

Pneumococcal bacteremia--no change in mortality in 30 years: analysis of 104 cases and review of the literature.

We evaluated 104 cases of pneumococcal bacteremia retrospectively: 55 adults and 49 children. The overall mortality rate was 33% in adults, and 6% in children. Mortality was associated with old age, severe underlying disease, vague clinical presentation, multilobar pneumonia, leukopenia and metabolic acidosis. Both vigorous treatment with mechanical ventilation devices, vasopressors and steroids, and sophisticated monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit did not improve survival. In six cases (5.8%) the pneumococcus was resistant to penicillin G. In reviewing the literature of the last 30 years, no change in mortality rate was noted. Vaccination of population at risk is highly recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Medical problems in Ethiopian refugees airlifted to Israel: experience in 131 patients admitted to a general hospital.

Within a 2 month period 131 Ethiopian immigrants were admitted for treatment at a general hospital in Jerusalem. There were 52 patients with malaria, 13 with typhoid fever, 24 with pneumonia, seven with tuberculosis, nine with shigella and 11 with campylobacter. Over three-quarters of these patients were anaemic. In the majority of cases anaemia was normocytic and was most probably secondary to malaria and other intercurrent infections. The prevalence of diffuse non-toxic goitre was 7% in children and 19% in adults with a male to female ratio of 4:13. A positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test was found in 4% of sera tested and a positive HBsAg in 13%. IgG antibodies to HBc antigen were found in 75% of subjects. All patients with infectious diseases responded to therapy and, despite their poor condition at arrival, there were no fatalities and no late sequelae. The high HBsAg carrier state calls attention to the risk of vertical transmission by infected mothers and underlines the need for active immunization of infants at risk. The high prevalence of untreated tuberculosis and malaria poses a potential public health hazard, but with the current systematic screening of this population leading to identification and effective treatment of affected subjects, chances for the practical eradication of malaria and tuberculosis are excellent. Finally, the large scale transfer of a population from rural Africa to a modern and largely urban society presents a unique opportunity for a prospective study of the impact of environment on the emergence of diseases which plague modern society such as diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, hypertension and cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Botulism intoxication after surgery in the gut.

Botulism intoxication is described in a 45-year-old woman who was hospitalized with symptoms suggesting an intestinal obstruction. At intervention a 20-cm length of necrotic small intestine was excised and prophylactic antibiotics were given. Five days after surgery--during which time the patient was fed only parenterally--dryness of the mouth, difficulty in swallowing, general weakness, and difficulty with speech and in keeping her eyes open were noted. The patient was alert and well oriented. The clinical symptoms and the electrophysiological studies suggested the diagnosis of botulism. A serum sample caused death in mice upon inoculation and two samples of feces were positive for the presence of Clostridium botulinum organisms. Supportive treatment with botulinum antitoxin was given and the patient was discharged in good condition.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Rubella in Jerusalem. 2. Clinical and serologic findings in children with congenital rubella.

Forty-eight children born with clinical and serologic manifestations of congenital rubella were followed for a three-year period. Expanded rubella syndrome, multiple anomalies and single defects were found, mostly in the child's first year of life. Some new organic problems were found at a later age in children who had initially been healthy but who had been followed up because of their high antibody levels to rubella. Of the 48 children, 15 (31%) were born to mothers who had had clinically and serologically diagnosed rubella during pregnancy. In 33 children (69%) the mother had had asymptomatic rubella. These findings emphasize the need to identify and immunize seronegative women before pregnancy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Rubella in Jerusalem. 1. Seroepidemiologic findings in children born after the 1972 rubella epidemic.

Nine hundred and sixty-nine babies born after a severe rubella epidemic were tested at the age of eight months for the presence of hemagglutination inhibition antibodies to the disease. There were 208 (21.9%) seropositive babies with titers of greater than or equal to 1:16. Seven cases of congenital rubella were diagnosed at birth, 14 were confirmed by eight months and two babies, who were considered normal at the age of eight months, developed late signs of the disease. Less than 3% of the mothers of the seropositive babies had had clinically recognized rubella in pregnancy. If positive hemagglutination inhibition antibody to rubella accurately reflects congenitally acquired rubella infection, between 8.1 and 21.9% of the 969 babies had serologic evidence of the disease. For cases of congenital rubella diagnosed by the age of three years, the limits are between 8.9 and 23.7 per 1,000 live births for the risk of the disease at the height of the epidemic. Rubella vaccine was not available in Israel until after the 1972 epidemic, the effects of which justify the continued search for and immunization of seronegative women of childbearing age, in addition to routine immunization of young girls.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Congenital annular constrictions due to amniotic bands.

Amniotic bands which become involved with fetal parts, especially the extremities, are produced by rupture of the amnion during pregnancy with the consequent union of the extra-embryonic mesoderm in fibrous strings. An infant with the amniotic band syndrome, in whom an annular constriction of the left leg and right hand was found, is described. He was treated successfully by multiple Z-plasties and a plaster cast to correct the clubfoot. The oedema of the leg persisted for 5 weeks and then subsided completely. The role of amniotic abnormalities in the production of congenital malformations is reappraised. The microscopic and histological investigation of the placenta and membranes should accompany every case of fetal malformation in abortuses, stillbirths, and affected newborn.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗