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Biomedical subjects

M Iida

Publications and source records attributed to M Iida.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Clinical and endoscopic features of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colonic ulcerations.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical and endoscopic features of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced colonic ulcerations have not been fully investigated. METHODS: During a 3-yr period from April 1996 to March 1999, 6076 subjects underwent total colonoscopy at our institutions. Among them, the diagnosis of NSAID-induced colonic ulceration was made by their clinical and colonoscopic findings. All patients diagnosed as having this disease underwent upper endoscopy and follow-up colonoscopy. Clinical features, serial changes in colonoscopic findings, and upper GI lesions were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the subjects, 14 patients were diagnosed as having NSAID-induced ulcerations. Seven patients were complicated by renal failure. Three patients had gastric ulcers concurrently. Eleven patients had colonic lesions in the ileocecal region. In 13 of 14 patients, initial colonoscopy demonstrated sharply demarcated, semilunar or circumferential ulcers without stricture formation. After discontinuance of NSAIDs, improvement of the ulcers without stricture or inflammatory polyps could be confirmed 3-10 wk later. In one patient with diaphragm-like stricture, follow-up colonoscopy performed 2 yr later demonstrated resolution of circumferential ulcer. CONCLUSIONS: NSAID-induced colonic ulceration may occur more frequently than previously recognized. Frank ulcerations, rather than stricture formation, seem to be the typical colonoscopic signs of NSAID-induced colonic ulceration.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2001

Possible role of telomerase activation in the multistep tumor progression of periampullary lesions in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

OBJECTIVES: The role of telomerase in periampullary tumor progression in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was investigated. METHODS: Relative telomerase activity was measured using a telomerease amplification protocol in periampullary biopsy specimens of normal mucosa and adenoma obtained from patients with FAP, and was compared with that of periampullary normal mucosa and cancer specimens from patients without FAP. RESULTS: None of normal mucosa from the non-FAP patients showed a telomerase ladder. Telomerase was positively detected in three of seven normal mucosa (42.9%) and in five of seven adenoma from FAP patients (62.5%). In papillary cancer from the non-FAP patients, seven of nine tissue specimens (77.8%) showed positive activity. When semiquantitatively analyzed, the relative telomerase activity increased in accordance with the progression of the diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Telomerase is activated even in normal mucosa of FAP patients, and the intensities of telomerase may reflect the malignant potential of periampullary neoplasms.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2001

Predictive value of endoscopic ultrasonography for regression of gastric low grade and high grade MALT lymphomas after eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND: While a close association between gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori infection has been established, there are still cases which do not respond to H pylori eradication. AIMS: To investigate the clinicopathological factors which may help predict the therapeutic efficacy of H pylori eradication in gastric MALT lymphoma. PATIENTS: Forty one patients with gastric MALT lymphoma, including low and high grade lesions. METHODS: After endosonographic staging was determined, H pylori was eradicated in all patients, and the subsequent gastric pathological course was then investigated. RESULTS: Complete regression of MALT lymphoma was observed in 29(71%) patients, partial regression in five (12%), and no regression in seven (17%). Twenty six (93%) of 28 MALT lymphomas restricted to the mucosa but only three (23%) of 13 lymphomas which invaded the deep portion of the submucosa or beyond completely regressed. Kaplan-Meier analysis for the probability of complete regression of MALT lymphoma revealed a significant difference between tumours restricted to the mucosa and those invading the submucosa deeply or beyond (p<0.05). Neither the presence of a high grade component, perigastric lymphadenopathy, nor clinical staging prior to eradication correlated with the probability of lymphoma regression. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of deep submucosal invasion by endosonography is valuable for predicting the efficacy of H pylori eradication in gastric MALT lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Trauma sites and clinical features associated with acute hyperextension spinal cord injury without bone damage--relationship between trauma site and severity.

To elucidate whether a relationship exists between the site of trauma and severity of acute hyperextension spinal cord injury without bone damage, we examined the clinical features of 25 male and 10 female patients aged 13 to 88 years. None of the patients had vertebral damage such as fracture and dislocation. The site of impact was classified as the buccal, forehead, or mandibular region. The neurological findings were assessed according to Frankel's classification at admission and at follow up after 3 months or more to assess outcome. Eleven patients suffered trauma in the buccal region, one patient in Frankel's grade B, three in grade C, and seven in grade D at admission. All 11 of these patients showed an improvement of one grade or more to an outcome of C in one patient, D in one, and E in nine. Trauma occurred at the forehead region in 18 patients, four in grade B, 10 in grade C, and four in grade D. Improvement was seen at follow up by one grade or more to C in one patient, D in 10, and E in seven. Trauma occurred at the mandibular region in six patients, four in grade B and two in grade C. Four of these patients showed improvement of one grade or more to grade B in one, grade C in four, and grade E in one. Overall, seven patients had poor outcomes, five of whom suffered trauma to the mandibular region, indicating that impact to the mandibular region tends to have an unfavorable clinical outcome. Our findings indicate that the site of trauma greatly influences the severity of hyperextension spinal cord injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Standardization of laboratory test in the JPHC study. Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases.

The standardization committee has carried out standardization of 23 laboratories in the cohort area. They participated in the External Quality Control Survey by the Japan Medical Association. Most laboratories got A or B in evaluation criteria for most test items, but the results of AST, ALT and gamma-GTP were unsatisfactory. As for the lipid standardization, accuracy and precision of all 23 laboratories were satisfactory except for one. Close communication and collaborative study with reference laboratory improved the accuracy control.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[A case report of allergic fungal sinusitis caused by Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp].

We report a case of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) caused by Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp. in a 57-year-old man satisfying the following diagnostic criteria: (1) chronic rhinosinusitis revealed by computed tomographic scan, (2) Japanese cedar pollinosis for 3 years, (3) positivity for Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp. by a skin test, (4) increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) specific to these fungi, (5) increased total IgE, (6) nasal polyps with severe eosinophilic invasion, (7) allergic mucin revealed by histopathological examination, (8) fungal hyphae revealed by histopathological examination and (9) detection of Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp. revealed by fungi culture. The patient was treated by endoscopic sinus surgery. Four weeks after surgery, nasal polyps recurred, but his condition was improved by oral administration of steroids and nebulizer treatment with steroids and fluconazole. Total IgE, specific IgE and eosinophil count in the peripheral blood decreased, apparently reflecting this improvement. After obtaining the patient's consent, we conducted an allergen provocation test, which is as highly diagnostic as a skin test, to test for an antigen causing type I hypersensitivity. The immediate phase response was positive, indicating that type I hypersensitivity intermediated by IgE was involved in AFS.

Cladosporium↗
PubMed2001

[Trends in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors among urban and rural Japanese males].

OBJECTIVES: To examine long-term trends in the incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke, and their risk factors among Japanese populations, we explored 32 years of surveillance data for male residents in urban and rural areas in Japan. METHODS: The surveyed populations were 40-79 year-old male residents in M community (population over 40 years old in 1995 was 11,121) of Y City in Osaka (urban area; Osaka) and I town (n = 3,571) in Akita prefecture (rural area; Akita). Incidence rates of coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction, angina pectoris), sudden cardiac death, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stroke per 1,000 person-years were calculated for 1964-71, 1972-79, 1980-87 and 1988-95. Risk factors were evaluated by cross-sectional surveys conducted in the median years for each period. Dietary intake was examined by the 24-hour recall method in the latter three periods. RESULTS: Age-adjusted incidence of coronary heart disease per 1,000 men increased progressively from 0.27 in 1964-71 to 0.90 in 1988-95 (P = 0.222 for trend) among 40-59 year old residents in Osaka. Among their 60-79 year old counterparts, though the incidence was 2.62-3.11 and did not change over the periods studied, the combined rates for coronary heart disease and men who had a PTCA reached 3.79 in 1988-95. In contrast, the incidence of coronary heart disease among Akita residents did not change over time and stroke declined 70 percent between 1964-71 and 1988-95 (P < 0.001) in both 40-59 and 60-79 year age group: The decrease in cerebral infarction was less marked between 1980-87 and 1988-95 among 60-79 year old individuals. Significant increases in diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, body mass index, salt intake and total fat percent of total energy in Osaka, were associated with the elevation in the incidence of coronary heart disease. In Akita, blood pressure leveled off over the study period, but decreased less during the last decade whereas the prevalence of obesity increased. CONCLUSION: Trends in cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors differ among different geographical areas. The present long-term study, in particular, demonstrated an increase in the incidence of coronary heart disease among urban Japanese male residents in Osaka between the 1960s and the 1990s.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Reuse of heat energy in wastewater: implementation examples in Japan.

Sewage and treated water can be a heat source in urban area due to large heat capacity, thus recovery and reuse of its energy is one of the most desirable plans for the sewerage system. In this paper, characteristics of heat energy in wastewater, reuse plans, and some experiences in Japan are presented. Full-scale reuse projects for heating and cooling in the Tokyo Metropolitan Districts and project for melting snow in Sapporo City are discussed. The key factors found in experience of Tokyo were setting the heat pumps near the demand points and the technical developments of equipment to prevent system from clogging, corrosion, and decrease in the heat transfer efficiency. It was also found through the project for melting snow in Sapporo that the key factor in public acceptance was the multi-purpose use of the sewerage system both for melting snow in winter and retaining rain water in summer.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed2001

[A case of lupoid hepatitis satisfying criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus associated with psychosis].

A 26-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of arthralgia and general fatigue. On examination, she had malar rash and arthritis. Laboratory data revealed AST, ALT and gamma-globulin elevation, antinuclear antibody and double-stranded DNA antibody positivity, and LE cell phenomenon. Liver biopsy showed marked lymphocytic infiltration and slight fibrosis in the portal areas. She was diagnosed with lupoid hepatitis, and also satisfied the criteria for SLE including malar rash, arthritis, immunologic disorder and antinuclear antibody. She was administered prednisolone, after which AST and ALT decreased. She developed psychosis and her electroencephalogram showed diffuse slow waves corresponding to psychosis by SLE. Lupoid hepatitis is frequently associated with various systemic manifestations. However, only a few cases of lupoid hepatitis satisfying the criteria for SLE associated with psychosis have been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Alteration of regional cerebral metabolism in patients with cirrhosis in positron emission tomography.

To evaluate the alteration of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in cirrhosis, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (rCMRO2), and oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF) in twelve patients with cirrhosis (six with a history of hepatic encephalopathy and six without) and six age-matched controls using positron emission tomography. Regional CBF in whole brain was not different in cirrhotic patients from that in controls. In six cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatic encephalopathy, rCMRO2 was significantly lower in the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem, than that in each region of controls. On the other hand, rCMRO2 in six cirrhotic patients without a history of hepatic encephalopathy did not differ from the controls in all regions except for the frontal cortex. Regional OEF in cirrhotic patients without a history of hepatic encephalopathy was higher in the hippocampus and striatum than that in each region of controls. Among twelve cirrhotic patients, rCMRO2 in the occipital cortex and striatum correlated directly with plasma leucine levels, and rCMRO2 in the striatum directly correlated with plasma valine levels. Regional CMRO2 in the frontal cortex, temporal cortex, parietal cortex, white matter as well as brain stem correlated inversely with plasma phenylalanine levels, and rCMRO2 in the occipital cortex correlated inversely with plasma tyrosine levels. Brain oxygen metabolism is impaired in cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatic encephalopathy, but preserved in those without a history or in the early stage of cirrhosis. Reduced oxygen metabolism is related with altered amino acid metabolism.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[A case of thoracic vertebral tuberculosis associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis].

A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, on October 10, 1999 because of tingling numbness of the Th3 area and paraparesis. Her medical history included the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis which had responded to steroid therapy. On radiographic examination, a Th2 compression fracture and gadolinium enhanced areas were shown in MRI. We diagnosed vertebral sarcoidosis and restarted steroid therapy. Next day, she had no paresis and she was discharged after 20 days. However, the patient returned to our hospital with recurrence of the same pain and paraparesis on January 1, 2000, and spinal fusion of the Th2-3 was performed by a transpleural anterolateral approach using a block of iliac bone as a graft. Histology and cultural studies of tissue revealed tuberculosis. There is a diagnostic dilemma, "sarcoidosis or tuberculosis?", but it is necessary to be aware of this at the time of the initial diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Vertical semicircular canal function: a study in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

A pendular rotation test in a head-tilted position (60 degrees backwards and rotated 45 degrees to either the right or left) was performed in 7 patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Patients were rotated 360 degrees at a frequency of 0.1 Hz (maximum speed 114 degrees/s). The excitability of vertical semicircular canals was evaluated using this test procedure. Using an infrared CCD camera and a PC, evoked nystagmus was analyzed in order to determine the morbidity of BPPV. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found in the maximal slow-phase eye velocity between nystagmus from the anterior semicircular canal and nystagmus from the posterior semicircular canal. The excitability of the posterior semicircular canal in the affected ear was lower than that of the anterior semicircular canal. However, when vertigo and nystagmus disappeared, the difference in excitability was improved. The present results indicate some functional deterioration of the posterior semicircular canal in BPPV cases, suggesting the participation of both mechanical (dumping by mass) and organic (peripheral end organ) factors in causing morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with ulcerative colitis.

A rare case of concurrent primary biliary cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis is described in a 61 year-old Japanese male. Primary biliary cirrhosis was diagnosed on the basis of characteristic histologic findings and a positive serum mitochondrial antibody test. Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed from typical findings on colonoscopy and the histologic features of a sigmoid colon biopsy specimen. This is the 12th report of a patient presenting with the combination of primary biliary cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis. The potential autoimmune relationships on the basis of these conditions are discussed.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed2001

[Relationship between the fecal mutagenicity and metal content, smoking habit and dietary intake].

OBJECTIVE: The study was carried out to collect basic data on exposure of mucous cells of the large intestine to mutagens by investigating the genotoxicity of fecal samples from the urban population. Simultaneously, relations with food intake (food groups and nutritive components), lifestyle factors and fecal metal content was investigated. METHODS: A total of 199 self-collected fecal samples from middle aged healthy volunteer living in urban areas of Osaka city were freeze-dried and ground in a mill. The mutagenicity of aqueous extracts of the ground samples was measured by the umu-test. Metal content of the feces was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometlly. On the day previous to the feces collection, the contents of meals were recorded and confirmed by interview with a dietitian. Quantification of nutritive components was carried out using the 4th edition of the Japan Food Standard Vomposition Table. RESULTS: Mutagenicity of feces was higher in males than in females, and in those aged 40-49 years than 50-69 years in males but not females. Large differences were found for content of 8 metals in the feces; concentrations were in the decreasing order of calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, iron, manganese and copper, the highest being 20.4 mg for calcium and the lowest was 53.5 micrograms for copper. Between the metal contents and mutagenicity, values for zinc and iron showed positive correlations and for sodium a negative correlation under S9(+) conditions. A weak but significant correlation was observed between the numbers of cigarettes smoked per day and S9 (+) mutagenicity. However we could not find any relation with food groups or nutritive components. CONCLUSION: It is well known that human feces contain many mutagens and carcinogens and that these can act directly on the mucous membrane of large intestine. Therefore, it is very important to estimate exposure levels. From the present data we can conclude that relations between mutation-activity of the feces and diet are complex. Their elucidation will require a large number of volunteers who have similar living conditions to obtain appropriate data.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Parathyroid hormone-mediated regulation of renal phosphate co-transporter].

The key player in proximal tubular Pi reabsorption, the type IIa Na(+)/Pi co-transporter, is internalized upon PTH treatment and degraded in the lysosomes. PTH action is initiated by apically and basolaterally localized PTH receptors, whereby apical effects are most probably via cAMP-independent (via PKC) and basolateral effects via cAMP-dependent (via PKA) regulatory mechanisms. The molecular determinants at the level of the transporter protein or at the level of interacting (regulatory) proteins are not yet known.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2000

Plasma fibrinogen and coronary heart disease in urban Japanese.

There is little information on the relation of plasma fibrinogen concentration to the risk of coronary heart disease in Asians, including Japanese, whose plasma fibrinogen concentration has been reported to be low by Western standards. The authors conducted a prospective study with 4.8 years of follow-up of 11,977 men and women aged 21-89 years (mean value of fibrinogen = 267 mg/dl) living or working in Osaka, Japan, in 1990-1996 to examine the relation of plasma fibrinogen with the incidence of coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction and angina pectoris). Mean fibrinogen concentration was 293.6 mg/dl for men who developed coronary heart disease (n = 35) compared with 261.6 mg/dl for men free of coronary heart disease (n = 8,094; difference, p < 0.01), and 355.2 mg/dl for women who developed coronary heart disease (n = 6) compared with 276.8 mg/dl for women free of coronary heart disease (n = 3,842; difference, p < 0.01). With a Cox proportional hazards model to adjust for cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for the highest fibrinogen quartile (> or =295 mg/dl) compared with the lowest (<228 mg/dl) was 4.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.4, 16.8, p = 0.01) for coronary heart disease, and 3.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.1, 13.4, p = 0.04) for myocardial infarction. Plasma fibrinogen is useful to predict the risk of coronary heart disease among urban Japanese, whose mean plasma fibrinogen is relatively low.

Adult↗