[Ovarian cancer with prior gynecological laparotomy].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
M Horiguchi
Publications and source records attributed to M Horiguchi.
Electrophysiological findings in patients with Oguchi's disease.
Seven patients with Oguchi's disease were examined by conventional full-field rod and cone electroretinograms (ERGs), spectral characteristic studies with photopically matched short- and long-wavelength stimuli (3 of the 7 patients) and electrooculogram (EOG) (6 patients). ON and OFF photopic ERG responses, recorded with rectangular stimuli, in 3 patients were compared with those of 13 normal subjects and 13 patients with complete congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB). Conventional full-field ERGs recorded after 30 minutes of dark adaptation revealed absent rod, but essentially normal cone and flicker ERGs in all patients. With the dark-adapted standard flash ERG, the a-wave amplitude was significantly lower than normal in all patients. The spectral characteristic study indicated that the ERG recorded after 30 minutes of dark adaptation represented cone activity. The EOG was abnormal in all patients examined. The ON and OFF responses of the photopic ERG were normal in Oguchi's disease patients; however the ON responses were reduced in patients with complete CSNB. The absence of a rod a-wave, with the abnormal EOG, strongly suggests that the rod itself is abnormal in Oguchi's disease. This finding differs from the report by Carr and Gouras (1965) and Carr and Ripps (1967). The normal ON and OFF responses in the photopic ERGs of Oguchi's disease patients contrast with those of the complete CSNB patients in whom only the ON response is reduced.
Adolescent↗
Effects of overfeeding of protein and energy by force feeding on hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system in broiler chickens.
Two experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of excess intake of protein and energy on hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase (MFO) system in male broiler chickens. Two levels of protein (100 or 117% of ad libitum feeding) and energy (100 or 114% of ad libitum feeding) intake in factorial arrangements of treatments were used in experiment 1. Chicks (38 days of age) were provided the dietary treatments by tube-feeding for 8 days. In experiment 2, chicks were fed a control diet (23% protein and 3.2 Mcal metabolizable energy/kg diet) or a high protein and high energy (32% protein and 3.4 Mcal metabolizable energy/kg diet) ad libitum for 11 days. Energy intake over ad libitum feeding resulted in a reduction of cytochromes P-450 and b5 content. Excess intake of protein did not overcome the reduction of the cytochromes by overfeeding of energy. Feeding high protein diet with high energy content resulted in a reduction of the MFO system in the liver compared with feeding a control diet in the ad libitum condition. The results suggest that energy intake in broilers is the predominate modifier of hepatic microsomal MFO rather than protein intake under overfeeding conditions.
Animals↗
Species differences between chicks and rats in inhibition of lipoprotein hydrolysis by Triton WR-1339.
To identify the species differences in lipoprotein hydrolysis, plasma lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase (LPLase) prepared from both rats and chicks were incubated in vitro in the presence of Triton WR-1339 at concentrations up to 500 micrograms/ml. Rate of lipoprotein hydrolysis by LPLase declined gradually with an increase of Triton concentration irrespective of differences in sources in the lipoprotein and LPLase. At 250 micrograms/ml Triton, the lipoprotein hydrolysis was inhibited by 90% in rats but was only inhibited by < 20% in chicks. Lipoprotein hydrolysis inhibited by Triton was partly recovered by an increase of LPLase concentration, and extents of the recovery were prominent either when rat lipoprotein was provided in place of chick lipoprotein and when rat LPLase rather than chick LPLase was used as the enzyme source for each lipoprotein. These results suggest species differences between chicks and rats with regard to the affinity of Triton to LPLase and lipoprotein and/or the chemical characteristics of both LPLase and lipoprotein.
Animals↗
Cortical defect of the distal fibula: variant of ossification.
PURPOSE: To elucidate the nature of a normally occurring cortical defect of the distal fibula. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In patients with sprain and nonspecific ankle pain during a 2-year period, the authors reviewed ankle radiographs, computed tomographic (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance (MR) images. Cases were added from our file. Dried skeletons and cadavers were evaluated with radiography for the presence of this cortical defect. RESULTS: Fifteen (1.8%) of 847 radiographs in 739 patients (male, 377; female, 362; age range, 15-84 years) showed a small cortical defect in the anterior aspect at the level of the distal tibiofibular joint. The age range of the subjects with the defect (male, four; female, 11) was 16-66 years. MR imaging in two patients showed a small low-signal-intensity area at the insertion site of the anterior tibiofibular ligament. Evaluation of 148 skeletons (75 subjects) revealed similar cortical defect in two cases (1.4%). CONCLUSION: The cortical defect of the distal fibula, at the insertion site of the anterior tibiofibular ligament, has no clinical significance and should not be confused with neoplasm.
Adolescent↗
A modified bioassay for energy utilization in newly hatched chicks. 2. Determination of feed input and procedures to estimate endogenous energy loss.
Two experiments were conducted to develop a modified bioassay system to determine bioavailability of dietary energy in newly hatched chicks based on the TME assay system. Broiler chicks aged 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 d old were force-fed or consumed feed ad libitum following 24 h of feed withdrawal to determine the optimum level for feed input. In the second experiment, 7-d-old chicks were force-fed various diets and feedstuffs at three levels following 24 h of feed deprivation. Linear regressions (P < .01) between energy input (X) and excreted energy (Y) were demonstrated irrespective of diets and feedstuffs at any age in Experiments 1 and 2. Endogenous energy loss (EEL), estimated by the regression method and approximated over a small range was lower than EEL estimated using feed-deprived chicks. The TME and TMEn values of diets and feedstuffs calculated using EEL estimated by the regression method were not modulated by the feed input level, whereas those estimated by feed-deprived chicks tended to increase with decreases in the level of feed input. Thus, a modified method for determination of energy utilization in newly hatched chicks based on TME assay is proposed, which seems to have proper physiological and chemical bases.
Age Factors↗
Blue light-emitting diode built-in contact lens electrode can record human S-cone electroretinogram.
PURPOSE: To develop a contact lens electrode with a built-in blue light-emitting diode (LED) to record the electroretinogram from short-wave sensitive-cone (S-cone) electroretinogram (ERG) in humans. METHODS: The ERG was recorded using the blue LED (450 nm) built-in electrode under a yellow background illumination from a slide projector in five normal subjects, a patient with blue cone monochromatism, and a patient with fundus albipunctatus. For comparison, the ERG was also recorded using a yellow LED (566 nm) built-in electrode under the same background illumination in the normal subjects. RESULTS: The amplitude and the peak time of the b-wave recorded with 3-Hz blue stimuli were 5.1 to 12.4 microV and 63 to 68 msec, respectively in normal subjects, 7.3 microV and 65 msec in the patient with blue cone monochromatism, and 11.4 microV and 65 msec in the patient with fundus albipunctatus. Normal subjects responded to neither 30-Hz blue stimuli nor 3-Hz yellow stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that the b-wave recorded with 3-Hz blue stimuli is elicited from the S-cone system. This simple technique is useful for testing the human blue cone system.
Adult↗
Clinical evaluation of multifocal electroretinogram.
PURPOSE: To compare the multifocal electroretinogram (ERG) system to conventional ganzfeld and focal ERGs obtained from patients with known retinal diseases to assess its clinical applicability. METHODS: A multi-input system analysis was used to explore the field topography of ERG responses to local luminance modulation in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, pericentral pigmentary retinal dystrophy, branch retinal arterial occlusion, or idiopathic macular hole. RESULTS: The dysfunctional areas measured by multifocal ERG were compatible with those assumed by combined findings of ganzfeld and focal ERGs. However, the wave shapes of multifocal ERG in the retina with arterial occlusion differed from those of conventional focal ERG, suggesting that the negative and positive deflections shown in the first-order kernel of multifocal ERG may not correspond to conventional a- and b-waves of ERG. CONCLUSIONS: The multifocal ERG system is available for electroretinographic field mapping at the clinical level.
Adult↗
[Suppressive rod-cone interaction in complete and incomplete congenital stationary night blindness].
Dark-adapted rods have a suppressive effect on cone response (suppressive rod-cone interaction: SRCI). This phenomenon has been applied to analyze the pathological mechanism of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB), but the results have been discrepant among the investigators. Alexander et al reported that 2 individuals with CSNB exhibited a normal SRCI, but Arden and Hogg reported an absence of SRCI in 4 cases of CSNB. We evaluated SRCI in complete and incomplete CSNB. SRCI was tested by measuring luminance threshold for flicker detection (685nm, 1.7 degrees in diameter, 20Hz) across the horizontal meridian of the visual field without and with full-field background illumination. In twelve normal subjects, a reduction of the flicker threshold was observed during presentation of the background. Five cases with complete CSNB showed normal SRCI, but in one case we failed to detect SRCI except at one tested locus. Similarly 5 cases of incomplete CSNB showed normal SRCI, but in one case we failed to detect SRCI except at one tested locus. These results may indicate that SRCI is normal in both complete and incomplete CSNB, but in some cases, SRCI is absent because of localized retinal dysfunction.
Adolescent↗
[Foveal cone densitometer and changes in foveal cone pigments with aging].
A foveal cone densitometer was built for measuring the kinetics of foveal cone pigments in human eyes. The light from a 500-W xenon lamp was divided into reference, measuring, and bleaching beams, and projected through an optical fiber leading to a modified fundus camera. After the light was projected into the ocular fundus, the reflected light (central 1 degree) was measured by a photomultiplier and the regeneration time and the two-way density were abstracted from the records. The two-way density, which is the decadic logarithm of the measuring-reference beam ratio under bleached conditions divided by the measuring-reference beam ratio under dark conditions, eliminated the artifacts caused by eye movement of blink. Reliable curves were obtained in 45 eyes out of 53 healthy Japanese subjects (age range, 9 to 82 years). The mean +/- standard deviation SD of the two-way density (log) and the time constant (sec) were 0.34 +/- 0.09 and 139.9 +/- 79.3, respectively. The time constant significantly increased with aging.
Adolescent↗
A study of the deep ascending cervical artery (new definition) and its relation to some other arteries in the human cervical region.
A minute study of cervical arteries in 67 Japanese bodies, totalling 130 sides, revealed that a small twig arose from the second part of the subclavian artery and ascended under the scalenus anterior muscle, sending spinal branches and muscular branches to scalenus muscles in 77% of cases. Judging from its course and distribution, it is reasonable to consider that this ascending twig is a precostal anastomosis of cervical intersegmental arteries and has the same morphological significance as the ascending cervical artery. The authors therefore propose the name "deep ascending cervical artery (Ca-p)" for this twig. The Ca-p may also be the source artery of the costocervical trunk or the transverse cervical artery from the second part of the subclavian artery. In 22 cases the deep cervical artery or the costocervical trunk from the first part had disappeared and was compensated by a branch from the Ca-p. On the other hand, there were some cases in which the lateral branch to the scalenus medius muscle from the Ca-p had developed into the transverse cervical artery or its deep branch. This artery arose from the second part of the subclavian artery and ran laterally under the scalenus anterior muscle, passing through the brachial plexus. In the remaining 23% of cases a typical Ca-p did not exist, but a similar branch from the costocervical trunk was found instead. Since this branch has the same course and distribution as the Ca-p, we have called it the costocervical type of Ca-p (Ca-pc).
Aorta, Thoracic↗
Nerve supply to the accessory soleus muscle.
An accessory soleus muscle was found in the right leg of a cadaver in the dissecting room. This anomalous muscle was situated medially between the distal part of the tibia and the tendo calcaneus. The muscle arose from the anterior aponeurosis of the soleus muscle and was attached with a separate tendon to the calcaneus anteromedial to the tendo calcaneus. The soleus muscle was supplied by two nerves from the tibial nerve. The ramus posterior entered its posterior surface near the proximal border, and the ramus anterior entered the bipenniform part which was located on the anterior aspect of the soleus. One of branches from the r. anterior descended on the surface of the medial half of the bipenniform part and gave off a few twigs for this muscle part. Finally, its terminal entered the accessory soleus muscle and ramified in this muscle. In a teased preparation of the tibial nerve, both the nerve fibres composing this branch to the anomalous muscle and those constituting the r. anterior proper which supplied the bipenniform part were contained in the same funiculus. This mode of nerve supply to the soleus and the accessory soleus muscle suggested that this anomalous muscle derived from the part of the proper soleus muscle supplied by the r. anterior.
Ankle↗
A modified bioassay for energy utilization in newly hatched chicks. 1. Determination of optimum durations for feed withdrawal and excreta collection.
Three experiments were conducted with view of a more suitable bioassay system for determination of energy utilization in newly hatched chick based on the TME assay system. The optimum duration for feed deprivation prior to tube feeding was determined with chicks aged 0, 2, 6, and 13 d old. In order to determine an appropriate duration for excreta collection after feeding, chicks deprived of feed for 24 h were force-fed and energy excretion was monitored every 12 h for the next 72 h. Irrespective of the age, energy excretion decreased to a low level at 24 h after feeding and then reached a constant rate: the endogenous energy excretion. In 0- and 2-d-old chicks, N excretion tended to increase from 12 h after commencement of feed withdrawal. On the other hand, energy excretion in the chicks force-fed paste or pellet of basal diet attained constant rates beyond 24 h after force-feeding at all ages, and the rates of excretion were almost comparable to the endogenous energy excretion for the corresponding age. In the chicks force-fed a high-fat diet, however, 36 h was required for the excreted energy to attain a constant rate. The increase in N excretion was also observed following 24 h after feeding in 1- and 3-d-old chicks. Deutectomy at 1 d posthatch modified the patterns of energy and N excretion after the commencement of feed withdrawal but not TME and TMEn values of diets. A modified bioassay system for the determination of energy utilization in newly hatched chicks based on TME assay system is proposed.
Animal Feed↗
Scotopic threshold response in complete and incomplete types of congenital stationary night blindness.
PURPOSE: To study the function of the rod visual pathway in the complete and incomplete types of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB), with special reference to the scotopic threshold response (STR) of electroretinograms (ERGs) METHODS: Using full-field stimuli with light intensities ranging from near absolute threshold to bright, ERG intensity series from two patients with complete CSNB, four patients with incomplete CSNB, and four normal subjects were recorded. RESULTS: Neither the rod b-wave nor the STR was recordable from the patients with complete CSNB. In the patients with incomplete CSNB, the STR was clearly recorded, although the absolute threshold was elevated in accordance with elevation of the psychophysical absolute threshold. The b-wave stimulus threshold was not elevated, and the b-wave amplitude near the threshold was normal. The peak time of the STR was delayed by approximately 80 msec, whereas that of the b-wave was normal. CONCLUSIONS: These STR results indicate that the rod system abnormality in complete CSNB differs from that in incomplete CSNB. Furthermore, the greatly delayed peak time of STR in the patients with incomplete CSNB made the interaction between b-wave and STR different from that in normal subjects.
Adolescent↗
Identifying the ciliary sulcus for suturing a posterior chamber intraocular lens by transillumination.
We describe herein a technique for locating the ciliary sulcus for suturing a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Transscleral illumination with a light-guide fiber placed underneath the iris reveals the ciliary sulcus as a bright area near the limbus, and it allows for a straight needle with 10-0 polypropylene fiber to be easily inserted through the sulcus after making two pairs of radial scleral incisions to fixate the 10-0 polypropylene fiber. We think that this procedure can minimize complications of suturing a posterior chamber intraocular lens and shorten the operation time.
Aged↗
Sex-related differences of hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system and antibody production in broilers implanted with corticosterone and/or fed ascorbic acid.
1. Most of the components of the mixed function oxidase (MFO) in hepatic microsomes were reduced by corticosterone implants, and the degree of the reduction in females and at an older age was greater than those in males and at a younger age. 2. Ascorbic acid (AA) prevented the reduction in the MFO caused by corticosterone implants. 3. The activities of aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase were enhanced by corticosterone implants regardless of AA supplementation. 4. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase in male broiler was greater than that in females under normal conditions. 5. Corticosterone implants and dietary AA had less influence on the antibody production, especially to T-cell dependent antigen.
Aging↗
Effects of a beta-adrenergic agonist (clenbuterol) on performance, carcase composition, hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase and antibody production in female broilers treated with or without corticosterone.
1. Beta-adrenergic agonist (Clenbuterol, 0.33 mg/kg) and corticosterone (10 mg/kg) were incorporated into a diet based on maize and soybean meal. Their effects on performance, carcase composition, hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase and antibody production were investigated in female broilers. 2. Dietary corticosterone reduced the titre to sheep red blood cells, while it was unchanged by clenbuterol. 3. Clenbuterol exerted a promoting effect on gain-to-food ratio, carcase protein and hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. 4. Addition of clenbuterol to the corticosterone-containing diet prevented the increase in abdominal fat weight and uric acid excretion induced by corticosterone, but did not affect total fat mass. 5. The results showed that clenbuterol reduced abdominal rather than carcase fat and prevented protein degradation in the body when chicks were treated with corticosterone. Clenbuterol also influenced the content of cytochrome P-450, but not the humoral immunity.
Animals↗
Electrophysiologic detection of choroidal detachment in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
The base values of electrooculograms (EOGs) of 39 patients with new, unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and clear media were studied. None of the patients had a history of ocular surgery. Ophthalmoscopic examinations revealed choroidal detachment in 11 eyes. The mean (+/- SD) amplitude, expressed as a percentage of the amplitude recorded for unaffected fellow eyes, was 116 +/- 31% in the 28 eyes without choroidal detachment, and 39 +/- 10% in the 11 eyes with choroidal detachment. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). There was no significant correlation in either group between baseline value and extent of retinal detachment or intraocular pressure. These results indicate that choroidal detachment associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can be revealed electrophysiologically by the baseline value of an EOG.
Adolescent↗