Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Honma.
For the purpose of applying DNA fingerprinting to paternity testing, we established a general formula to calculate the probability of paternity and evaluated the ability of DNA fingerprinting to determine paternity.
A high incidence of plantar decubitus ulcers, 35% in males and 22 or 45% in females, respectively, occurred in rats of two carcinogenicity studies independent of the bedding used, hard or soft wood chips. Among rabbits kept in chrome-plated wire cages, about 2-year-old female breeders suffered from the plantar ulcers, but not their male partners of the same age group. The causes of the foot disease appear to be manifold, however, in our cases the lesions could be prevented in both species by housing on a cage floor made from flattened stainless wire.
The present study was designed to investigate whether neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) increase bronchial responsiveness to methacholine (MCh). Before and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after three Japanese monkeys had inhaled 10(-8) M NKA and 10(-8) M SP for 2 min, bronchial responsiveness to inhaled MCh was evaluated. Pulmonary flow resistance (R1) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were used as pulmonary function tests. Dose-response curves of R1 to inhaled MCh were shifted to the left 1 to 4 weeks after NKA treatment, compared with that obtained before treatment. However, SP treatment did not change the R1 dose-response curve. Thus, bronchial responsiveness to MCh was increased by inhalation of 10(-8) M NKA in Japanese monkeys.
For individual identification from semen, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprint technique was used. In a blind trial, we succeeded in determining the semen donors among several volunteers comparing the DNA fingerprints of the blood and semen samples, respectively. Thereafter, we examined semen in a condom left beside a naked female dead body. The DNA fingerprint of the semen was recognized to be identical to that of the blood from a suspected man arrested later. This is the first report that the DNA fingerprint technique was practically used in a criminal investigation in Japan.
To estimate the forensic usefulness of the DNA fingerprint produced by a synthesized minisatellite probe "Myo", the variability of the DNA fingerprint was examined in a Japanese population. Pairwise comparisons of the fragments in the DNA fingerprints showed that 15 fragments on average longer than 4.4 kilobases with a mean fragment sharing probability of 0.19 appeared in a typical DNA fingerprint and the distribution of matches of the fragments was found to be binominal. Therefore, the probability of chance association between random individuals can be calculated to (0.19)15 = 1.5 x 10(-11). It seems reasonable to conclude that the DNA fingerprint is completely individual-specific.
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The clinical classification of the vulvar dystrophies has been difficult because most of these lesions present as a white hyperkeratotic patch. A new classification was proposed by Sanchez & Mihm consisting of: I. Benign dermatoses; II. Vulvar epithelial hyperplasia; III. Lichen sclerosus; IV. Lichen sclerosus with foci of the epithelial hyperplasia. The vulvar white keratotic lesions which have been subjected to histological examination in Himeji National Hospital (1973-1987) included 13 cases in benign dermatoses, 4 cases in vulvar epithelial hyperplasia, 3 cases in lichen sclerosus, and 3 cases in lichen sclerosus with foci of epithelial hyperplasia.
Investigation of genomic polymorphisms detected by a minisatellite named tentatively "Myo", which is expected to correspond to the minisatellite in human myoglobin gene of Jeffreys et al., gives distinct and different aspects of chorionic villus and the decidual membrane in the same placenta. The chorionic villus, which is regarded as the extraembryonal tissue, represents the essential embryonal DNA fingerprint pattern, while the decidual membrane reveals the maternal one. A comparison between the DNA fingerprints from the chorion villus and from the blood sample of the suspected father provides the possibility of setting a paternity determination which can be achieved during the first trimester of a pregnancy.
A case of an adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis is reported. The patient, a 41-year-old male, had a total right orchiectomy of his testicular mass. The tumor was located in the inferior portion of the right epididymis and was a well-circumscribed solitary mass, measuring 3 X 3 X 3 cm. Microscopically, the tumor contained plump acidophilic cells arrange in cords and trabecula with fibrous connective tissue. Immunohistochemical studies for keratin and vimentin in the tumor cells were positive. Electron microscopical findings of the tumor were similar to those of a benign mesothelioma. These findings suggest that adenomatoid tumors are of mesothelial origin.
A case of a primary carcinoid tumor of the testis which occurred in a 57-year-old man is reported. The patient was treated by orchiectomy, and no clinical features of a carcinoid syndrome had been noted. The tumor measured 4.0 X 3.2 X 2.0 cm in size and was yellowish in color. Histochemically, the tumor cells were composed in part of argentaffin and in part of argyrophil. Immunohistochemically, the argentaffin tumor cells were positive for neuron-specific-enolase. No tumor cells were positive, however, for neurofilaments, vimentin, keratin, desmin, GFAP, S-100 protein, ACTH, and somatostatin. Electronmicroscopy revealed numerous neurosecretory granules. Tumorous tissue presented a histomorphology of a pure carcinoid tumor composed of parts of argentaffin and argyrophil.
Eight cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain were examined clinically and immunohistopathologically. According to the LSG classification the patients were subclassified into 5 with diffuse large cell type, 2 with diffuse medium-sized cell type and one with diffuse mixed cell type. Immunohistological stainings demonstrated that all of them were of B lymphocyte origin. Two cases had multiple lesions which were seen in the periventricular area. Tumor response for the treatment consisted of surgery followed by radiation therapy was excellent except for one. Only 2 patients were alive and well at 24 months and 27 months.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Own experiences with the identification of mice and rats using ear tags, ear punching, toe clipping (for newborns only) and ear tattooing are given and compared with methods presented in literature. By far, ear tattooing by the newly developed pincers is the most suitable method for marking adult rodents for life. Tattooing is easy to apply, easy to read and not harmful to the animals. For newborn pups on day 4 p. p., the s. c. injection of India ink into the palm of paw is recommended.
To elucidate the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the relationship of two-dimensional echocardiographic wall motion abnormalities (asynergy) to histopathological findings was evaluated in autopsied patients including seven with DCM, five with old myocardial infarction (OMI) and three with the normal heart. The DCM cases were classified morphologically in two groups, namely four of type I and II and three of type III, according to Shozawa's classification. Three short-axis views of the left ventricle were divided into 19 segments; the wall motion was assessed visually and classified as normal motion, hypokinesis, akinesis and dyskinesis. The postmortem specimens were immersed in 10% formalin; transverse sections and wall divisions were prepared corresponding to the two-dimensional echocardiographic views, and the area of each segment was determined by a computer planimetry excluding the papillary muscles and trabeculae. Fibrosis (%) was measured histologically by the point counting method with light microscopy. The results were as follows: In DCM, fibrosis (%) increased with increasing severity of asynergy: 17.1% fibrosis in normal motion; 28.7% in hypokinesis; 40.7% in akinesis and dyskinesis. In OMI, fibrosis (%) also increased with increasing severity of asynergy. On comparison of DCM with OMI, no difference was established relating to fibrosis (%) in the asynergic segments; moreover, in both groups, asynergy was detected more frequently in the segments in which fibrosis (%) exceeded 21%. On comparison of type I+II DCM with type III DCM, fibrosis (%) of type III was significantly less than that of type I+II in the same degree of asynergic segments. Moreover, fibrosis (%) of type I+II tended to be greater in the outer layer than in the inner layer, while fibrosis (%) of type III was evenly distributed throughout the myocardium, or greater in the inner layer than in the outer layer. In type I+II, wall thinning was marked with increasing severity of asynergy; in contrast, these correlations were not observed in type III. In type I+II, a higher fibrotic rate was observed in the left ventricular free wall and an abnormal Q wave appeared frequently on ECG. This tendency was not found in type III. These findings indicate that fibrosis is one of the most important factors in decreasing cardiac muscular contractility in DCM, and suggest that there is a different pathogenesis between type I+II and type III fibrosis.