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Biomedical subjects

M Hojat

Publications and source records attributed to M Hojat.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adjustment and psychosocial problems of Iranian and Filipino physicians in the U.S.

A questionnaire was mailed to 2,521 Iranian and 2,938 Filipino physicians who were practicing medicine in the U.S. Six hundred ninety-five Iranians and 898 Filipinos responded. Data of a section of the questionnaire on perceived adjustment and psychosocial problems were analyzed in this study. Statistical analyses of the data (bivariate correlations, multiple regression, and factor analysis) indicated that the reported adjustment problem was related closely to psychopathological measures such as loneliness, anxiety, depression, homesickness, and low self-esteem in both nationality groups. Participation in social activities with Americans was inversely related to perceived adjustment problems. In both groups, those who had become naturalized U.S. citizens and those who planned to stay permanently in the U.S. were less likely to report adjustment problems. The relationships between perceived adjustment problems and age and total years in the U.S. were not significant for Iranian physicians; however, they were correlated significantly for the Filipinos, which indicates that older physicians in this group and those who had been in the U.S. for a longer period of time were less likely to report adjustment problems. Other differences and similarities between the two nationality groups also were identified.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1985

Predictive validity of the MCAT for students with two sets of scores.

Addressed in the study reported here is the question of which set of scores for those students who retake the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) yields a better predictive validity. The sample was comprised of 304 students who retook the MCAT prior to entering Jefferson Medical College between 1978 and 1981. Five sets of MCAT scores were considered as predictors in the study: earlier, later, higher, and lower sets of MCAT scores and the average of the earlier and later scores for each MCAT subtest. Twenty-five criteria were used, including grades earned in the freshman and sophomore years and scores on the subtests of Part I and Part II of the examinations of the National Board of Medical Examiners. Correlational techniques, such as bivariate and multiple correlation analyses and canonical correlation followed by redundancy analysis were utilized. The magnitude of redundancy indices indicated that the set of MCAT scores in which the earlier and later scores were averaged was the best predictor, followed by the earlier, lower, higher, and later sets of MCAT scores. The implications of these findings for the admissions process and for validity studies are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1983

Relationship between performance in medical school and postgraduate competence.

A sample of 441 graduates (between 1971 and 1981) of Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who pursued their medical training in internal medicine, pediatrics, and obstetrics/gynecology was selected. It was hypothesized that the relationship between measures of academic achievement in medical school and measures of postgraduate performance would vary in different specialty programs. The hypothesis was confirmed by comparing graduates in the three specialties on grades in medical school, scores on the examinations of the National Board of Medical Examiners, and ratings in four areas of competence in the first postgraduate year (that is, medical knowledge, data-gathering skills, clinical judgement, and professional attitudes). It was also hypothesized that the strength of the relationship would vary at different levels of performance within the specialty programs. This was confirmed for some of the variables. The results indicate that inappropriate conclusions may be drawn about the relationship between performance before and after graduation from medical school if specialty differences and levels of performance are ignored.

Achievement↗
PubMed1983

Validity and importance of low ratings given medical graduates in noncognitive areas.

The extent to which recent (1978-1981) graduates of one medical school received low ratings on 10 items concerning noncognitive aspects of professional behavior is presented and related to ratings on items dealing with knowledge, data-gathering skills, and clinical judgment. Overall, only 3 percent of the graduates had low ratings on the noncognitive items. Despite high correlations among ratings in the four areas of professional competence (knowledge, data-gathering, clinical judgment, and professional attitudes), 40 percent of the graduates with low ratings on noncognitive items had high ratings in at least two of the areas. The validity of the ratings is tested by relating them to the willingness of residency supervisors to offer the graduates further postgraduate training and to clinical ratings received in the third year of medical school. Substantial relationships are shown both with the residency offer and medical school ratings for graduates with high and low ratings.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of transitory and chronic loners on selected personality variables.

This study is concerned with an investigation of personality differences between transitory and chronic loners. Two groups of subjects were studied: Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students studying in American universities; and Group II comprised 305 Iranian students studying in Iranian universities. Based on responses to a question concerning duration of experiencing loneliness, 83 subjects in Group I and 114 in Group II were identified as transitory loners. Also, 43 subjects in Group I and 82 in Group II were identified as chronic loners. Chronic loners in both groups scored significantly higher than transitory loners on measures such as global loneliness, anxiety, depression, neuroticism and external locus of control. Also, chronic loners scored significantly lower on self-esteem, and extraversion scales. When the effect of the global loneliness was controlled, no significant difference was observed between transitory and chronic loners in Group I but, in Group II, the difference on depression and extraversion remained significant.

Adolescent↗