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Biomedical subjects

M Hirano

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirano.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Predominance of squamous cell carcinoma and rarity of adenocarcinoma of maxillary sinus among Japanese.

The reasons for the prevailing predominance of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma and the rarity of maxillary sinus adenocarcinoma among Japanese were investigated in a cooperative study at two institutions. There was little difference in the histological diagnostic criteria. It is hypothesized that the predominance of squamous cell carcinoma and the rarity of adenocarcinoma of the maxillary sinus can be related to the extensive use of softwood in the Japanese furniture industry, to the high prevalence of chronic sinusitis among Japanese in the past or to the popularity of cigarette smoking among Japanese.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Stomal recurrence following total laryngectomy--a clinicopathological study].

A clinicopathological study of 10 cases of stomal recurrence following total laryngectomy treated at Kurume University Hospital from 1971 to 1986 was completed. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) The frequency of stomal recurrence was 5.8%. 2) Of these 10 cases, 3 cases were supraglottic (3%), 5 cases were glottic (7%), and 2 cases were subglottic (29%) carcinomas. The incidence of stomal recurrence was higher in subglottic carcinomas. 3) Nine cases out of 10 extend to the subglottic region. 4) The incidence of stomal recurrence was higher in emergency tracheostomy case. 5) Average of period from total laryngectomy to stomal recurrence was 9.7 months. 6) It is suggested that the cause of stomal recurrence is metastasis to the paratracheal lymphnode. 7) In order to prevent stomal recurrence, it is important to dissect paratracheal soft tissues bilaterally in high risk cases. 8) With regard to treatment, it is better to remove surgically the tumor and paratracheal soft tissues as completely as possible and to do postoperative radiation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

11 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated by combination of radiotherapy plus neo-adjuvant chemotherapy using CDDP and PEP. 1. The primary tumor was located at postero-superior wall of the nasopharynx in 6 cases and at lateral wall in 5 cases. 2. According to TNM Classification, the tumor was classified as T1 in 1 case, T2 in 4 cases, T3 in 3 cases and T4 in 3 cases. According to Stage Grouping, the tumor was grouped as stage III in 2 cases and stage IV in 9 cases. 3. Clinical results were the following: Response rate was 82%, CR being noted in 1 case and PR in 8 cases for primary lesion. It was 70%, CR in 1 case and PR in 6 cases for lymph-node involvement. 4. 4 patients died of primary lesion and 1 patient, of distant metastasis and 1 patient, of complications. 5-year cumulative survival rate was 45.5%. 5. This treatment was effective on nasopharyngeal carcinoma up to stage IV, except for T4.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Stress ulcer following head and neck surgery--a clinicopathological study].

A clinicopathological study of 6 cases of stress ulcer following head and neck surgery treated at Kurume University Hospital from 1986 to 1989 was completed. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) 4 cases were male and 2 cases were female. The average age was 71 years. 2) All cases were found after head and neck surgery of malignant tumors. 3) The frequency was 0.3% in all surgical cases, and 1.2% in surgical cases of malignant tumors. 4) Of these 6 cases, 3 cases were found after surgery of maxilla. 5) The majority of stress ulcer occurred suddenly and early after surgery. 6) The majority of stress ulcer occurred in the upper portion of the body of stomach. 7) Operation was performed in all cases. 8) Five cases were cured by surgery. One case was died of cardiac failure. 9) It is important to know that the stress ulcer following head and neck surgery of malignant tumor is not rare, and to take care of it after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical and histological effects of cis-platinum-peplomycin chemotherapy for metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck cancer].

Clinical and histological effects of cis-platinum-peplomycin chemotherapy for metastatic lymph nodes were studied in 35 head and neck carcinomas. The results were as follows; 1. As the clinical effects, 4 cases revealed CR, 17 cases PR, and 16 cases NC. The response rate was 57%. 2. Histologically, 7 cases were classified as Grade III change, 1 case as Grade IIb change and 13 cases as Grade IIa change according to Ohboshi-Shimozato classification. 3. The clinical effects for the metastatic lymph nodes almost agreed to that for the primary lesion. 4. The histological effects for the metastatic lymph nodes almost agreed to that for the primary lesion. 5. The clinical effects for the metastatic lymph nodes did not always agree to the histological effects for it. 6. It was impossible to do radical treatment of metastatic lymph nodes with cis-platinum-peplomycin chemotherapy. In some cases, chemotherapy made it easy to do radical neck dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cispentacin, a new antifungal antibiotic. II. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities.

Cispentacin [-)-(1R,2S)-2-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid) is a new antifungal antibiotic possessing potent anti-Candida activity. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and IC100 values of cispentacin against clinical isolates of Candida albicans were in the ranges 6.3 approximately 12.5 and 6.3 approximately 50 micrograms/ml, respectively, by turbidimetric measurement in yeast nitrogen base glucose medium. No significant activity was seen against any yeasts and molds when tested by the agar dilution method using three different agar media: KNOPP's agar, yeast extract-glucose-peptone agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. This antibiotic demonstrated good therapeutic efficacy against a systemic Candida infection in mice by both parenteral and po administrations. The 50% protection dose (PD50) values after single iv and po administrations were 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. It was also effective in a systemic infection with Cryptococcus neoformans and in both lung and vaginal infections with C. albicans in mice. Cispentacin did not induce acute lethal toxicity at 1,000 mg/kg by iv injection and 1,500 mg/kg by ip and po administrations in mice.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrastructural study on human placental villi in toxemia of pregnancy--characteristic features obtained by a quick quenching and freeze substitution method].

In order to precisely assess ultrastructural changes in toxemic placenta, we tried to use the quick quenching and freeze substitution method (QM) during the preparation of placental villi. The findings in 10 normal and 15 toxemic placentae prepared by the conventional double fixation method (CM) were compared with the findings when prepared by QM. Most of the microvilli (m.v.) in syncytial cells (SCs) swelled in cases of toxemia. The average diameter of the Mv prepared by QM was approximately 48% greater than that of those prepared by CM. Many rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (rER) in the cytoplasm of SCs enlarged to form irregular shaped vesicles. The average diameter of rER prepared by QM was about 80% greater than that by CM. Protrusions of SCs towards the villous core and intervillous space were observed in all toxemic placentae prepared by CM, but only in severe toxemic placentae with IUGR when tissue preparation was done by QM. Fetal capillary endothelial cells were thicker in toxemic placentae than in normal ones by CM, but thinner in placentae prepared by QM. It is probable that the swelling of Mv and r-ER is due to hydropic degeneration. The contraction of SCs occurs in placentae of severe toxemic pregnancies with IUGR before fixation probably in situ.

Chorionic Villi↗
PubMed1989

Determination of guanine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection: application to DNA and RNA assays.

A highly sensitive assay for guanine was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (ECD). Guanine was susceptible to the electrochemical oxidation, and ECD response was proportional to the amount of guanine in the range 0.25-4 pmol of guanine. The ECD of guanine was applicable to the analysis of nucleic acids. DNA and RNA were hydrolyzed in 0.03 and 3 M HCl, respectively, and guanine liberated from the nucleic acids was separated on a reverse-phase column and determined by ECD. The method allowed detection of 0.2 ng of calf thymus DNA or tRNA. An application of the method is shown for DNA and RNA assays in trichloroacetic acid extracts of rat adrenal and liver.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1989

[Combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate and chemotherapy making possible complete removal of uterine corpus carcinoma].

A case of uterine corpus carcinoma (stage III) after surgical resection of her primary lesion was treated with a medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and PAE (CDDP, adriamycin and etoposide) regimen. The patient has been given MPA during a three-month period and received four courses of PAE regimen. The residual tumor was decreased and removed completely at the second-look operation. Pathologically, the carcinoma cells were clearly changed in loss of atrophy or degeneration by MPA or PAE regimen. After the second-look operation, the patient underwent 4 courses of PAE regimen and was given MPA continuously. We have not recognized any recurrence of carcinoma for seven months after the second look operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Phase II study of SM-108 (4-carbamoylimidazolium-5-olate) in hematological malignancies].

A total of 165 patients were entered into this study and 140 were evaluate for effects and 165 for toxicities. Of 39 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) 21 achieved complete remission (CR), 6 achieved partial remission (PR) with a response rate of 69.2%. In MDS, of 11 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL), one good partial response and 4 partial response were observed (CR + PR:45.5%); of 14 patients with RAEB, one complete response, 4 partial response (CR + PR: 35.7%); of 11 patients with RAEB in T, 3 partial response were observed (response rate: 27.3%). Of 13 patients with polycythemia vera, 4 excellent effect and 7 moderate effect (84.6%) were observed. Seven of 30 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia achieved partial response (23.3%). Mean dosages of SM-108 until remission were 400-500 mg/m2/day on CMMoL, RAEB in MDS, polycythemia vera and CML, and 600-800 mg/m2/day on RAEB in T and AML. In the analysis of adverse effects of SM-108, a subjective side effects including mainly gastrointestinal toxicities were observed in 38 cases (23.0%) of the patients : 26 patients (15.8%) showed objective side effects including liver dysfunction, but these symptoms were transient and not serious. Our study indicates that SM-108 is useful agent against MDS, especially CMMoL, RAEB, RAEB in T, polycythemia vera and CML.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[A case of traumatic subclavian steal syndrome].

A 44-year-old man who had sustained injuries to the chest and left upper extremity was admitted to our hospital. The radial pulse was not palpated at the left wrist. Angiography showed occlusion of the left subclavian artery with mediastinal hematoma. The left vertebral artery filled in a retrograde direction and the distal left subclavian artery could be visualized by filling from the left vertebral artery. He had no ischemic neurological symptom but was immediately operated on to prevent hemorrhage. Through a median sternotomy the injured portion of the left subclavian artery was removed and replaced by a dacron prosthesis. The specimen represented that the artery was completely divided and occluded with thrombus. Recovery was uneventful. This was the seventh case of traumatic subclavian steal syndrome. Vascular repair should be made soon in traumatic subclavian steal syndrome because collateral circulation is poor compared with that in arteriosclerotic obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cefepime (BMY-28142) with ceftazidime, cefuzonam, cefotaxime and cefmenoxime.

Cefepime (BMY-28142), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with ceftazidime, cefuzonam, cefotaxime and cefmenoxime. Cefepime showed a well-balanced, broad spectrum of activity against a number of clinical isolates collected in Japan. The activity of cefepime against Gram-positive bacteria was several times greater than that of ceftazidime, nearly comparable to cefotaxime and cefmenoxime, and slightly weaker than cefuzonam. Against Enterobacteriaceae, cefepime showed superior activity to the reference cephalosporins against Proteus inconstans, Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter cloacae. The activity of cefepime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was nearly comparable to that of ceftazidime. Cefotaxime, cefuzonam and cefmenoxime were substantially less active against P. aeruginosa. Cefepime was more stable than cefuzonam, cefotaxime and cefmenoxime to various types of beta-lactamases from Gram-negative bacteria. The high in vitro activity of cefepime was reflected in its in vivo efficacy against experimental infections in normal and immuno-suppressed mice. Cefepime was the most effective among the cephalosporins tested against four Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[beta-Phenylethylamine and amphetamine: similar aspects in their behavioropharmacological and neurochemical characteristics].

The authors found there was behavioral sensitization induced by repeated intermittent treatments with beta-phenylethylamine (PEA), an endogenous trace amine, similar to the so-called reverse-tolerance phenomenon which persists long after the withdrawal. A series of behavioropharmacological and neurochemical studies on the PEA-sensitized rats were compared with that on the sensitization induced by amphetamines (AMP). The major portion of this review focused on an involvement of dopaminergic modifications in the reverse tolerance caused by both PEA and AMP. The enhanced stereotype in the PEA-sensitized rats was found to be accompanied by augmentation of presynaptic dopaminergic activity in nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic systems by means of regional dissected and in vivo dialysis methods. In particular, a simultaneous measurement of endogenous PEA levels in striatum led us to speculate that the DA terminals in sensitized animals are hyperresponsive to PEA, resulting in enhanced DA release. D2 receptor bindings in nucleus accumbens, not in striatum, also altered in PEA-sensitized rats. In addition, recent literature concerning changes in PEA levels in body fluids in psychiatric disorders are summarized. Lastly, the attractive reports regarding the possibility that central actions of AMP would be mediated by endogenous PEA and that PEA is co-localized with DA in the same neurons were reviewed, suggesting an important role of endogenous PEA in generating the psychostimulant-induced and endogenous psychosis.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1989

[Clinicopathologic analyses of eleven patients with Hodgkin's disease].

Clinicopathologic analyses were performed on 11 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease which was confirmed immunohistochemically with the use of anti-Leu M 1 which is known to be specific to Reed-Sternberg cells. Patients with clinical stage II developed infradiaphragmatic involvement after Mantle field irradiation and should have been treated with extended field irradiation or combined modality therapy because of the possibility of PSIII1. Maintenance VENP therapy seemed to sustain remission but may have caused opportunistic infections. There were no rearrangements in either immunoglobulin or T cell receptor genes studied in two patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of a Ca2+ antagonist (verapamil) on Va/Q distribution].

Effects of verapamil on pulmonary ventilation-blood flow (VA/Q) distribution were studied in ten adult mongrel dogs weighing 12.5 +/- 0.8kg (mean +/- SE) by use of the multiple-inert-gas elimination method. VA/Q distributions were almost normal during control period (mean Q = 1.22, Log SD = 0.11). Under hypoxic challenge, blood flow distribution in low VA/Q area increased (mean Q = 0.68, Log SD = 0.50), and verapamil exaggerated this VA/Q inequality (mean Q = 0.53, Log SD = 0.67). However, four dogs showed increase in PaO2 and six showed decrease in PaO2. In the group of dogs with increased PaO2, CI increased significantly (P less than 0.05). In spite of the worse VA/Q distribution, PaO2 was not always decreased by verapamil infusion. This suggests that decrease in PaO2 is prevented by increased CI. Clinically, therefore, it is necessary to observe carefully the pulmonary blood flow when verapamil is to be administered in low cardiac output cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evidence that the intervening sequence was excised as a linear molecule during D beta-J beta rearrangement in T-cell receptor beta chain gene loci.

In a previous paper (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: 4264, 1987) we reported an unusual DNA rearrangement in T-cell receptor beta chain gene loci in cells from a patient with human T-cell leukemia. A D beta 1-J beta 2.3 junction was found on one chromosome, while the other chromosome kept the germline configuration. Although the DNA fragment located between the D beta 1 and J beta 2.3 loci should have disappeared from the cells, it was found on chromosome 6 as an inserted segment. We have now determined the nucleotide sequences bordering both sides of the inserted segment. The signal sequence for D beta-J beta rearrangement at the 5' side of J beta 1.2 gene seems to have been used for the insertion. The 3' end of the inserted segment corresponded to the edge of the signal heptamer at the 5' side of J beta 2.3 which was used for the initial D beta 1-J beta 2.3 joining. This indicates that, during D beta-J beta rearrangement, the intervening sequence was excised as a linear molecule.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Benign cystic lesions in the central nervous system. Light and electron microscopic observations of cyst walls.

A wide variety of benign cystic lesions is known to occur in both adults and children. Recent advances in diagnostic radiology have facilitated meaningful surgical intervention in most instances. It is convenient to classify these cysts into two groups. The first group includes those that arise from defects wholly within the central nervous system. Among these are certain static lesions such as cystic cavities arising from infarcts and other destructive lesions. Some of these are observed to communicate with the subarachnoid space or ventricle. The progressive lesions in this group include arachnoid cysts, ependymal cysts, cystic hemangioblastoma, cystic cerebellar astrocytoma, and certain infectious processes. The second group is constituted by cysts resulting from the intrusion of non-nervous tissue into the neuroaxis, usually in the midline. These are expanding congenital lesions, although some become symptomatic only in the adult. Among these are teratomas, dermoid cysts, epidermoid cysts, craniopharyngiomas, Rathke's cleft cysts, and other epithelial cysts apparently derived from the upper respiratory or the intestinal tract. Colloid cysts of the III ventricle are usually considered to be neuroectodermal in origin, but certain features suggest an endodermal origin.

Adult↗