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Biomedical subjects

M Hidiroglou

Publications and source records attributed to M Hidiroglou.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Blood serum tocopherol levels in calves born from cows winter fed hay or grass silage.

Blood serum tocopherol was determined in 44 calves born in the spring from cows that had been fed either timothy grass silage or timothy hay produced in Norther Ontario. On all sampling dates (at birth and at eight, 21, 35 and 60 days of age), calves from the silage group had higher average tocopherol levels than those from the hay group. Studies on serum tocopherol distribution in cows and their calves obtained 60 days after birth from the silage group showed that alpha-tocopherol averaged 85% and beta + gamma-tocopherols 12%. Only trace quantities of delta-tocopherol were detected in the serum of cows but none in those of calves.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1978

Lack of an effect of dietary selenium on serum albumin, glucose and urea nitrogen in ewes.

The results of a study on the effect of dietary selenium administered with vitamin E on serum levels of albumin, glucose and urea nitrogen in ewes are reported. In October, at the onset of breeding, after ten months on a dystrophogenic diet, mean serum levels of albumin (g/dl), glucose (mg/dl) and urea nitrogen (mg/dl) were respectively 3.5, 52.9 and 12.8, in 65 Se-deficient ewes and 3.6, 51.7 and 14.3 in 65 Se-adequate ewes. Despite a significant difference in the serum level of urea nitrogen between Se-deficient and Se-adequate groups, no consistent effect of dietary selenium was apparent.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of diet on the metabolism of labelled tocopherol in sheep.

1. Eighteen crossbred wethers were allotted at random (six per treatment) to each of the following diets: (1) maize-silage; (2) grass-silage; and (3) chopped hay. After 6 months a single oral dose of D-alpha-[5-Me-3H]tocopherol was given to each sheep on these three treatments. 2. Blood plasma, rumen liquor and urine radioactivity were measured for 4 d and, at the end of this period, the animals were killed and tissue distribution of 3H was determined. 3. Maize-silage generally contained less alpha-tocopherol than grass-silage or hay. Tissue uptake of 3H was greater on maize-silage than other diets. 4. In muscle, spleen and liver, tocopherol concentrations were lower in the maize-silage than the grass-silage fed animals. 5. A tendency to higher uptake of radioactivity was recorded at all times in the plasma and its lipid extract of sheep fed on maize-silage than those fed on grass-silage or hay. 6. Urine clearance of radioactivity tended to be higher in animals fed on the maize-silage than those fed on grass-silage or hay. This difference of magnitude in urinary excretion was probably related to the rate of metabolism of the ingested radiotocopherol.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1977

[Not Available].

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Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1977

[Not Available].

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Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1977

Chelate extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of nanogram amounts of manganese in blood and animal tissue.

A method for the determination of manganese in blood and animal tissue has been developed involving wet digestion of the sample by perchloric and nitric acids, complexing with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, and extracting with methyl isobutyl ketone at pH 6.7. The methyl isobutyl ketone is removed, and the residue is dissolved in 0.05N HCl in acetone-water (9 + 1) and is aspirated into an air-acetylene flame of an atomic absorption spectrometer. The limit of detectability is about 10 ng Mn/ml in the solution aspirated or 2 ng Mn/ml in bovine blood for a 20 ml sample.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on the transport of manganese and zinc and tissue uptake of radioactivity following subcutaneous administration of tritiated estrone in manganese deficient and nondeficient rabbits.

Twenty-four eight month old virgin New Zealand doe rabbits were used in an experiment designed to study the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on the transport of 54Mn and 65Zn in their tissues. Although human chorionic gonadotropin treatment did not result in any change in 65Zn transport, that of 54Mn was affected. In another experiment, the tissue uptake of tritiated estrone was studied in manganese deficient and nondeficient rabbits. There were no differences in radioactivity uptake between the two diets but the pattern of tissue uptake was different from other reports.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of level of dietary sulfur on the growth performance and blood mineral profile of sheep fed urea-supplemented corn silage.

Several blood constituents were measured in whether receiving a basal diet of corn silage, urea and a mineral-vitamin supplement to which various levels of sulfur (S) were added. The amounts of S in the total diets were: .16, .26, .38, .47 and .57% of dry matter. After a six-month experimental period, the levels of copper and iron in the plasma and of urea and manganese in the blood had been effected, lower levels being associated with higher levels of dietary S. Plasma zinc and magnesium levels showed a quadratic response to dietary S levels. However , plasma calcium levels and blood selenium levels were not significantly affected. Plasma sulfate-S content was higher in those animals receiving higher levels of S in the diet. The quantity of S ingested did not significantly affect voluntary feed intake, growth rate, or diet digestibility; however, nitrogen retention was lowered. The higher dietary S levels resulted in higher urinary excretion of the element, while fecal S remained unchanged.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

The effects of selenium on the metabolism of methionine in sheep.

Two groups of sheep fed a diet of hay known to produce nutritional muscular dystrophy, one group of which received selenium supplementation, were used to study the effects of selenium on the metabolism of administered L-(35S) methionine by rumen microflora. Rumen bacterial proteins of the Se supplemented sheep contained significantly higher levels of radiosulfur than the bacterial protein of the non-supplemented sheep. Of hte L-(35S) methionine present in the rumen liquor samples from Se-supplemented sheep 2 h after administration, 13.3% of the amino acid, which was measured as methionine sulfone, was found in the microbial proteins. A large proportion of the administered labeled methionine was resynthesized as cyst(e)ine which may account in part for that determined as cysteic acid in rumen bacterial and plasma proteins. The observed low levels of radiosulfur found in rumen microflora from selenium deficient wethers, indicates that the presence of selenium profoundly affects the rate of methionine metabolism and the distribution of methionine in rumen bacterial and protozoal proteins. In another experiment, the effect of selenium on the metabolism of L-(Me-3H) methionine was studied. The selenium status of the sheep had no significant effect (P greater than 0.05) on the distribution of 35S radioactivity in the blood plasma and tissues.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

The effect of selenium or vitamin E supplementation on volatile fatty acid content of rumen liquor in sheep fed a purified diet.

Twelve crossbred wethers, four per diet, were allotted at random as follows: (1) purified control diet; (2) purified diet plus a weekly oral dose of 1 mg sodium selenite per sheep; (3) purified diet plus a weekly oral dose of 1000 l.U. vitamin E. The wethers were maintained on the diets for six months. Weight gains during the initial 140 days of the experiment were significantly greater in selenium (Se)-supplemental sheep than in the others. The rumem liquor from the untreated sheep contained lower proportions (molar %) of acetic acid than from the Se or vitamin E-supplemented sheep and had higher butyric acid concentration than the Se-supplemented sheep. Concentrations of acetate, butyrate and valerate were higher in vitamin E than in Se-supplemented sheep. In addition, the concentration and molar percent of isovaleric acid was significantly higher in Se-supplemented sheep than in the other sheep.

Acetates↗
PubMed1976

Concentration of manganese in the tissues of cycling and anestrous ewes.

A wide range of variation in concentration of manganese was found in the blood of 51 cycling ewes although no significant differences were evident (P less than 0.05) between days 4, 11 and 15 (day 0 = day of estrus) of the estrous cycle. In addition, no differences (P less than 0.05) were found in the manganese concentrations of various soft tissues of 15 ewes, killed on day 4 (five animals), day 11 (five animals) or during anestrus (five animals). The highest concentration of manganese was present in the liver, pancreas and kidney cortex, tissues which are rich in mitochondria. Among the tissues of the reproductive tract, the corpus luteum showed the highest manganese concentration and the level increased significantly (P less than 0.01) between days 4 and 11 suggesting that this trace element may be closely related to the metabolic and possible functional characteristics of this endocrine gland. Uterine horn and caruncles contained greater manganese concentrations than other components of the reproductive tract. The significance of these findings in relation to the effect of manganese intake on ewe fertility remains to be assessed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Vitamin E activity of stored forages and incidence of myopathy in calves].

Two experiments to study nutritional muscular dystrophy (N.M.D.) in calves were conducted in northern Ontario, where the disease is prevalent. In the first experiment, ninety Shorthorn cows were used. They were divided into three groups and fed the following forages during the winter of 1972-1973. Group I - Silage. Group II. - Heated-air-dried hay. Group III. - Field-dried hay. Chemical analysis of the forage during storage showed that the silage had a higher tocopherol content than the other two forages. This higher content had a direct effect on plasma tocopherol concentrations in the cows, since tocopherol levels were found to be higher in the group fed silage than in the other two groups. The highest mortality rate-eight dead calves-was in the group fed heated-air-dried hay; one calf died in each of the other two groups. Hence, it is evident that the severity of N.M.D. symptoms in calves is directly linked with the quantity of selenium or vitamin E ingested. The substances act synergistically to protect against the disease. In a second experiment, a herd of forty-seven Shorthorn cows, some of which had calves with N.N.D. and some of which had healthy offspring, were studied to measure the activity of serum creatine phosphokinase. The dams were found to have the same C.P.K., whether or not their calves suffered from N.M.D.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1975

54Mn uptake by the ovaries and reproductive tract of cycling and anestrous ewes.

The uptake of 54Mn by the ovaries and reproductive tract of cycling and anestrous ewes has been investigated following intravenous injection of a single dose of 54MnCl2 and sacrifice of the ewes 6 h later. The uptake of 54Mn was greater in the Graafian follicle and the corpus luteum (CL) of the cycle than in the other components of the ovary. An increased uptake of radioactivity was recorded in the CL of the 11th day of the cycle when compared with that of the 4th day. The uptake of 54Mn was lower in the corpus albicans and follicles. A low uptake of radiomanganese was found also in the various tissues of the reproductive tract. These findings indicate that manganese may play a role in the normal functioning of ovarian activity in the ewe.

Anestrus↗