Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Hassan.
One the basis of one case, a review is undertaken of this recently described condition. The special interest of this case lies in its reticulo-nodular type radiological appearances and above all the presence of aspergillus within the lesions, rarely reported in non-asthmatics.
The echographic results of 14 cases of thyroiditis (7 of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT), 5 of De Quervain subacute thyroiditis, 1 of lignous thyroiditis, 1 of Riedel's fibrous thyroiditis) were extracted from a consecutive series of 900 thyroid echograms and analysed retrospectively. Homogeneous hypoechogenicity, similar to that of surrounding muscles, was found in 12 cases. This hypoechogenicity affected all of the thyroid parenchyma diffusely in the 6 cases of CLT where it was present, and by contrast localised to a unilateral lateral or, more often, 2 bilateral lateral plaques, progressively blending with the residual parenchyma in SAT and lignous thyroiditis. Riedel's thyroiditis took the form of a large unilateral hypoechogenic but heterogeneous mass. Echography would seem overall to make a significant contribution in the diagnosis of thyroiditis: a diffuse hypoechogenic goitre is very common, though not an absolutely constant feature, in TCL. Bilateral lateral plaques of homogeneous hypoechogenicity are highly suggestive of a diagnosis of SAT.
Different indexes of thyroid function were determined in conjunction with values obtained with a new commercial radioimmunoassay kit for serum free thyroxin, in 49 apparently healthy subjects, 87 pregnant women, and 142 outpatients attending the thyroid clinic. The results indicate a diagnostic success rate of 88% when free thyroxin was measured instead of estimating the so-called free thyroxin index. Furthermore, in three cases of papillary carcinoma the concentration of free thyroxin was increased, although all the other laboratory tests indicated a euthyroid state. Technically, the method is simple, rapid, and precise, and it would be of most value in the small hospital laboratory lacking the facilities of a comprehensive thyroid-function test service.
CAT scan is now the primary diagnostic procedure for intracranial lesions in children. It is particularly well-suited for investigating intracranial hypertension, tumors and other space-occupying lesions, hydrocephalus, and malformations. Because it is non-invasive, this technique tends to be unduly performed as a screening procedure, with a resulting oversaturation of neuroradiological facilities. CAT scan should not be used as a routine examination, but only in well-selected cases. Careful clinical assessment and a good knowledge of pediatric neurology are still essential. New techniques are now becoming available and neuroradiologists will be able to select the best investigation for each particular case.
It has proved possible to develop a novel non-separation fluoroimmunoassay for thyroxine employing antibodies both to thyroxine and to fluorescein incorporated into immune complexes by addition of a common species-specific anti-immunoglobulin G serum. The labelled hapten could bind to antibody of either specificity but not to both at the same time. Binding to anti-fluorescein markedly reduced fluorescence whereas binding to anti-thyroxine did not. Unlabelled thyroxine competed with the labelled hapten only for anti-thyroxine binding sites and, as a result, more of the labelled thyroxine was bound to anti-fluorescein with a decrease in total fluorescence.
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Ultrasound anatomy of the right hypocondrium as it appears on control scans is described and illustrated. Such views are often self-speaking and are readily understood by the clinicians, because they are similar to the classified radiological anatomy. Moreover, coronal studies of the right hypocondrium proves to be very suitable in a wide variety of pathological situations and in some peculiar patients such as the stout ones.
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We describe a simple fluoroimmunoassay for the determination of thyroxine concentrations in serum. The method, "sequential addition, separation fluoroimmunoassay," involves both thyroxine labeled with fluorescein and magnetizable cellulose/iron oxide particles to which antibodies to thyroxine have been covalently linked. Serum sample or standard is incubated with an excess of the solid-phase antibody; the particles, which now carry most of the antigen in the sample, are sedimented onto a magnet and the supernate, which contains endogenous fluorophores and other interfering factors, is removed and discarded. Excess labeled thyroxine is then added, and, after incubation, the fluorescence in the supernate (free fraction), which is related directly to the amount of thyroxine in the sample is measured. For the whole procedure, including fluorometry, each sample is treated entirely within disposable polystyrene test tubes. Correlation studies with two different radioimmunoassays showed good agreement.
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The plasma concentration of beta-thromboglobulin was estimated in elderly in-patients using a radio-immuno-assay technique. There were highly significance differences between the mean values of patients with arterial or venous thrombosis, as compared with controls. The ability of the test to detect thrombosis above the inguinal ligament means that it is a useful addition to the existing battery of tests for detecting thrombosis.
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Renal atrophy involving all or part of one or both kidneys was found in 10 children with renal vein thrombosis who had been given conservative treatment. This appearance is nonspecific and can be found in any condition which disturbs the renal parenchyma. However, in a significant number of patients calcification produced a pathognomonic radiological pattern. Awareness of these late radiological manifestations may help in recognizing those cases in which renal vein thrombosis went unnoticed in the neonatal period and the patient is now found to have a perplexing radiological appearance.
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A new case of the syndrome of "accelerated skeletal maturation, facial dysmorphism, failure to thrive and psychomotor retardation" is presented. The syndrome was noted in the neonatal period. The diagnosis can be readily suggested by the radiologist because ossification centers show exceptionally early maturation. This case history increases to at least five the number of cases so far reported following the initial publication by Marchall and al. in 1971. If the two cases described in 1974 by Weaver and al. (as a distinct entity) are also included then the total of cases reported rises to seven.
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