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Biomedical subjects

M Haraguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Haraguchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

DNA ploidy is a major prognostic factor in advanced gastric carcinoma--univariate and multivariate analysis.

DNA ploidy was determined by cytofluorometric analysis of paraffin-embedded malignant tissue from 96 Japanese patients in whom gastric carcinoma had invaded the serosa. Aneuploidy was found in gastric carcinoma tissue from 63 patients (66%). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of patients with aneuploid malignancy was significantly lower (13%) than those with diploid malignancy (36%) (p less than 0.05). A multivariate analysis of various clinical and pathologic factors showed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and DNA ploidy were significant and independent factors, which correlated with prognosis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Pertinent risk factors and gastric carcinoma with synchronous peritoneal dissemination or liver metastasis.

From 1965 to 1985, of 1108 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent gastric resection in our department, 216 patients (19.5%) had synchronous peritoneal dissemination (PD) or liver metastasis (LM). The 1-year survival rate was 22.5% for PD, 14.7% for LM, and 4.8% for PD plus LM (p less than 0.01). With PD, patients were younger, tumor was larger, Borrmann type 3 and 4 and undifferentiated lesions were more frequent, and the incidence of serosal invasion was higher. Histologic findings showed a pattern of infiltrative growth. With LM, patients were more likely to be male, Borrmann type 2 and 3 and differentiated lesions were frequent, and the antral region was often involved. The degree of serosal invasion was less than with PD. The pattern of growth was the expansive type and vascular involvement was prominent. Rate of lymph node metastasis was high in both groups. The route of metastasis was partly linked to features of the primary lesion. Multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors involved in the occurrence of each metastasis are serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, and undifferentiated tissue type for PD, and lymph node metastasis and vascular involvement for LM. When designing treatment in an attempt to suppress a recurrence, even after curative resection, all of these risk factors must be kept in mind.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Prognostic significance of serosal invasion in carcinoma of the stomach.

Two hundred and seventy-seven patients with advanced carcinoma of the stomach invading the serosa were studied with regard to the relationship between the length of the serosal invasion (LSI) and prognosis, with a division made between expanding and infiltrative types of tumors. Among patients with expanding types of tumors, five year survival rates were 40 per cent in patients with LSI less than 4.0 centimeters, 33 per cent in patients with LSI 4.1 to 6.0 centimeters and 13.0 per cent in patients with LSI more than 6.0 centimeters. Among those patients with infiltrative types of tumors, those with less than 2.0 centimeters of LSI had a better prognosis (five year survival rate of 53 per cent), whereas those patients with a LSI more than 2.0 centimeters had a very poor prognosis (five year survival rate of less than 20 per cent) and the significant LSI on prognosis was found to be 2.0 centimeters. Involvement of the lymph node and metastasis to the liver were not affected by LSI, whereas the rates of peritoneal dissemination and direct invasion to neighboring organs increased with an increase in LSI. Knowledge of these factors facilitates the planning of postoperative treatment.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1991

[Reliability of the exercise ECG in detecting silent ischemia in patients with prior myocardial infarction].

To assess the reliability of the exercise ECG in detecting silent ischemia, ECG results were compared with those of stress-redistribution thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 116 patients with prior myocardial infarction and in 20 normal subjects used as a control. The LV was divided into 20 segmental images, which were scored blindly on a 5-point scale. The redistribution score was defined as thallium defect score of exercise subtracted by that of redistribution image and was used as a measure of amount of ischemic but viable myocardium. The upper limit of normal redistribution score (= 4.32) was defined as mean +2 standard deviations derived from 20 normal subjects. Of 116 patients, 47 had the redistribution score above the normal range. Twenty-five (53%) of the 47 patients showed positive ECG response. Fourteen (20%) of the 69 patients, who had the normal redistribution score, showed positive ECG response. Thus, the ECG response had a sensitivity of 53% and a specificity of 80% in detecting transient ischemia. Furthermore, the 116 patients were subdivided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of chest pain and ECG change during exercise. Fourteen patients showed both chest pain and ECG change and all these patients had the redistribution score above the normal range. Twenty-five patients showed ECG change without chest pain and 11 (44%) of the 25 patients had the abnormal redistribution. Three (43%) of 7 patients who showed chest pain without ECG change had the abnormal redistribution score. Of 70 patients who had neither chest pain nor ECG change, 19 (27%) had the redistribution score above the normal range. Thus, limitations exist in detecting silent ischemia by ECG in patients with a prior myocardial infarction, because the ECG response to the exercise test may have a low degree of sensitivity and a high degree of false positive and false negative results in detecting silent ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A small early carcinoma of the stomach with extra-perigastric lymph node metastasis: a case report.

An early gastric carcinoma, measuring 1.7 X 0.6 cm, had already metastasized to the extra-perigastric lymph node in a 71 year old symptom-free man. Radiographic and endoscopic studies showed a small depressed lesion on the lesser curvature of the antrum and histology of the biopsied specimen revealed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Under the diagnosis of IIc type intramucosal carcinoma, partial gastrectomy and wide lymph node dissection was performed. Pathologic study of the resected specimen showed that the cancer cells had invaded the submucosa at an area via a lymphatic vessel and that only one lymph node along the common hepatic artery was involved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Ischemic stricture of the jejunum--report of a case.

We report herein a case of an 82 year old Japanese woman admitted to hospital after suddenly experiencing upper abdominal pain and vomiting. An upper gastrointestinal series showed a narrow segment with edematous adjacent loops in the proximal jejunum. On the twentieth day following her admission, a barium-meal radiograph revealed that the narrow segment had progressed to a firm tubular stenosis with effacement of the mucosal pattern. The stenotic segment, resected the following day, was 7 cm long with an internal circumference of only 0.5 cm at its narrowest portion. Histologic examination of the resected specimen showed ulceration and marked edema in the intestinal wall, accompanied by organizing and recanalizing thrombi in the subserosal arteries. These features were strongly suggestive of an ischemic process.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Reduction in oral ethanol self-administration in the rat by the 5-HT uptake blocker fluoxetine.

Long-Evans rats (N = 4) maintained on ad lib food and water were initiated to self-administer ethanol using the sucrose-substitution procedure. Following initiation, the rats received IP injections of fluoxetine HCl in sterile water 30 minutes before selected daily self-administration sessions. On other sessions, the rats were injected with sterile water only. Doses of 1, 2, 3, and 5 mg/kg were tested in a random order. Only one drug dose was given each week and each dose was tested at least twice except the 5 mg/kg dose. As dose increased, responding for ethanol decreased with significant reductions at both the 3 and 5 mg/kg dose. The nature of the decrease was such that the duration of continuous responding at the beginning of the session was reduced respective to control and noninjection performance. Overall, the findings of this study support prior work with fluoxetine and other 5-HT blockers which appear to affect satiety mechanisms and possibly reinforcement efficacy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Adjuvant mitomycin-C prolongs survival time of patients undergoing extensive en bloc resection of carcinoma of the stomach invading the adjacent organs.

We retrospectively examined the long-term results of adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin-C (MMC) in 50 patients with gastric carcinoma invading the adjacent organs. All patients underwent gastrectomy and en bloc multiple resection of the invaded organs, with the intent of a potential cure. Evidence of direct invasion was confirmed histologically. These patients were classified into 3 groups, according to the dose schedule of MMC: 12 received prolonged, intermittent administration of the drug, in a total dose of 40 mg or more (group A); 19 were given a bolus injection at the time of surgery and/or on the following day, in a total dose of less than 40 mg (group B), and 19 were given no anticancer drugs (group C). These 3 groups were comparable with regard to various prognostic factors. The 5-year survival rates were 50, 32 and 17% in groups A, B and C, respectively. There was a statistical difference in survival between groups A and C (p less than 0.05). These results indicate that extensive en bloc resection plus intensive adjuvant chemotherapy prolong the survival time for those with gastric carcinoma invading the adjacent organs.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Prevention of peritoneal recurrence by combined intra-peritoneal and intra-tumoral injections of OK-432].

Protective effect of OK-432 on peritoneal recurrence was examined in an experimental mouse model with Meth A fibrosarcoma injected into both abdominal wall and intraperitoneal cavity. OK-432 was given through either intratumoral (i.t.), intradermal (i.d.), intraperitoneal (i.p.), or i.p. + i.t. route. A significant antitumor effect against abdominal tumor was observed in mice given i.t. or i.p. + i.t. injection of OK-432. A significant protective effect against peritoneal recurrence and prolonged survival time was obtained in an i.p. + i.t. group, although other treatment groups showed only minimal effect. We conclude that combined i.p. and i.t. administration of OK-432 may prevent peritoneal recurrence and lead to prolongation in clinical patients with advanced GI tract cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Width of serosal invasion and prognosis in advanced human gastric cancer with special reference to the mode of tumor invasion.

We studied the influence of the width of serosal invasion on the prognosis, in relation to the mode of invasion, in 142 patients who had curative resection for gastric carcinoma that invaded beyond the muscularis propria. The mode of invasion was classified into infiltrative and expanding types. Average diameter of tumor at the serosal or subserosal layer for the infiltrative type was 4.2 +/- 3.2 cm, a value significantly greater than that of 2.5 +/- 2.0 cm for the expanding type (P less than 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of patients with the infiltrative type carcinoma was significantly lower (36.8%) than that with the expanding type carcinoma (50.0%) (P less than 0.05). In the infiltrative type, the survival time of patients with a serosal invasion exceeding 2 cm was significantly shorter than when the serosal invasion was less than 2 cm (P less than 0.05). In the expanding type, however, the prognosis was good until the width of serosal invasion extended to 4 cm or greater. The difference in survival according to the width of serosal invasion did not always depend on the incidence of positive lymph nodes in both types of carcinomas. Therefore, influence of the width of serosal invasion on the prognosis for advanced gastric carcinomas differs between infiltrative and expanding types.

Female↗
PubMed1989

DNA ploidy and tumor invasion in human gastric cancer. Histopathologic differentiation.

The relationship between DNA ploidy and tumor invasion in 254 patients with gastric carcinoma was studied, with particular emphasis on histopathologic features. In the differentiated type of adenocarcinoma, there were aneuploid lesions characterized by a relatively high incidence of lymph node metastasis and hematogenous recurrence, even when the invasion was limited to the submucosa. In the undifferentiated type, aneuploid lesions were rarely seen at the early stage, but the frequency remarkably increased with invasion into the deeper layers. Nodal involvement and disseminating metastasis were evident with serosal invasion. Analyzed by a multivariate Cox model, DNA ploidy significantly correlated with prognosis. Thus, DNA ploidy is a major determinant of survival, and the behavior of an aneuploid carcinoma is apparently controlled by individual histologic type.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

Antagonism of ethanol-reinforced behavior by the benzodiazepine inverse agonists Ro15-4513 and FG 7142: relation to sucrose reinforcement.

The partial inverse benzodiazepine agonist Ro15-4513 has been shown to antagonize many of ethanol's actions, including the reduction of behavior reinforced with ethanol presentation. The studies reported here compared the effects of the Ro compound on sucrose reinforcement alone and concurrently available with ethanol reinforcement. Also, a second inverse agonist, FG 7142, was tested. The result indicated that ethanol reinforcement was more sensitive to the inverse agonists compared to sucrose reinforcement. This was seen as a graded effect upon ethanol responding at doses which failed to have any effect upon sucrose-reinforced behavior. The Ro compound was approximately three times more potent than the FG compound in suppressing ethanol-reinforced responding. Possible explanations for the greater sensitivity of ethanol reinforcement compared to sucrose reinforcement was discussed in terms of ethanol's potential actions at the benzodiazepine-GABA receptor complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Measurements of gaze movements while driving.

In this study, gaze movements of drivers driving through an intersection were investigated. Gaze movements of drivers in large vehicles were compared with those in small vehicles. There were both similarities and differences in the visual search behaviors of drivers of large and small vehicles. The two groups were similar in that, when approaching an intersection, drivers made repeated saccadic gaze movements; after entering the intersection, saccadic gaze movements were directed ahead in the direction of turning. Differences arose in the frequency and distribution of gaze movements. The number of gaze movements was significantly greater in drivers of large vehicles. The distribution of gaze movements in driving a large vehicle showed a peak at the point 50 to 60 degrees to the right and left of the median plane of the driver. The distribution of gaze movements of drivers of small vehicles showed no peak across the visual field.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with fibrotic changes and alveolitis].

A 62-year-old male, who had worked for 20 years as a farmer and who had been exposed to respirable agricultural chemicals apart from silica, was admitted in April, 1987, because of progressed exertional dyspnea. The chest X-ray film on admission showed irregularly-distributed infiltrative shadows in both lung fields. The chest CT also revealed irregular increase of densities in lung fields. Though the TBLB specimen from right B8 indicated only fibrotic changes, the tissues obtained by open lung biopsy from right S3 and S8 revealed PAS-positive proteinaceous deposits in the alveoli as well as alveolitis or fibrotic change of alveolar septum. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) contained phospholipids composed mainly of lecithin. According to these findings, the case was diagnosed as pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with alveolitis and patchy fibrotic changes. It is not completely clear whether fibrotic changes are induced by pulmonary alveolar proteinosis itself or fibrosis and proteinosis result coincidentally from direct response to fibrogenic agents. Inhaled agricultural chemicals may play a role for the pathogenesis of this case, for which further studies are required.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic intratumoral injection of OK-432 and Langerhans' cells in patients with gastric carcinoma.

OK-432, a compound composed of penicillin-G-treated, attenuated Streptococcus pyogenes of human origin, was administered by intratumoral injection (IT) to 15 of 49 patients with Stage III gastric carcinoma, at the time of preoperative endoscopic examination. The 5-year survival rate of patients given IT was 73.3%, whereas the rate was only 36.5% in those not given IT (P less than 0.05). A study of recurrent cases revealed a significantly low incidence of peritoneal recurrence in the group on OK-432 IT (P less than 0.01). In previous work, the authors noted a favorable prognosis of patients with Stage III gastric carcinoma and with a marked infiltration of Langerhans' cells (LC) in the tumor tissues. All of the 49 in the current study were thus examined immunohistochemically, using anti-S-100 protein antibody, the objective being to clarify the relationship between OK-432 IT and the density of LC. The density of LC among those given IT was significantly increased as compared with those not given IT (P less than 0.05). The results of this study suggest that OK-432 IT may lead to augmentation of the density of LC in tumor tissues and hence prevent peritoneal recurrences in patients with Stage III gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Lymphadenectomy for cure in patients with early gastric cancer and lymph node metastasis.

The anatomic distribution, size, and histologic mode of involvement of 98 metastatic lymph nodes in 49 of 370 patients were examined to determine to what extent lymphadenectomy should be performed in addition to gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer. Nodal involvement in the marginal sinus (30 nodes) and partial medullary sinus (37 nodes) were commonly seen, and the lymph nodes of those types were enlarged compared with 1,086 patients with no metastatic lymph nodes (control group). Lymph nodes of the wide medullary sinus (11 nodes), small nodule (3 nodes), and massive involvement types (17 nodes) did not enlarge compared with those of the other types and those of the control group. Most of the metastatic sites (76.6 percent) were in the perigastric lymph nodes along the lesser and greater curvatures, about a fifth were in the extraperigastric nodes along the left gastric, common hepatic, celiac, and splenic arteries, and the least were in the extraperigastric nodes (3.1 percent) along the hepatoduodenal ligament. Since the rate of macroscopic diagnosis during operation was so poor, regardless of the histologic modes of nodal involvement, and also in cases of metastatic lymph nodes less than 15 mm in widest diameter, for curative operation of patients with early gastric cancer, perigastric and extraperigastric lymph nodes along the main arteries near the stomach should be completely dissected, in addition to resection of the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗