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Biomedical subjects

M Harada

Publications and source records attributed to M Harada.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Evaluation of antithymocyte globulin for human bone marrow transplantation. Antihematopoietic and immunosuppressive activity.

Antihematopoietic stem cell activity and immunosuppressive activity were evaluated before and after absorption of horse antihuman thymocyte globulin (ATG) with mature granulocytes and fetal liver cells. Unabsorbed ATG was cytotoxic to committed myeloid-macrophage progenitors (CFU-C). Absorption of ATG removed cytotoxicity to CFU-C. The immunosuppressive potentials of absorbed ATGs were identical to those of unabsorbed ATG in several tests. Primary response to trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified autologous and allogeneic cells could be suppressed by treatment with ATG alone whereas suppression of secondary and cytotoxic responses required treatment with ATG and complement. These data indicate that unsensitized or undifferentiated T cells may be more sensitive to ATG than are sensitized or differentiated T cells.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Leukocyte adherence inhibition test in renal diseases.

Leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was examined in 35 patients with renal diseases and 14 normal controls, using collagenase-treated glomerular basement membrane, glycosidase-treated glomerular basement membrane and renal tubular epithelium as antigens. Although the control group showed strikingly similar mean LAI indices for all antigens tested, the whole group of patients with renal diseases showed a wide scatter of values. Two categories of patients had significantly increased LAI indices (p less than 0.01) when their mean values were compared with those of normal controls: (1) rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) and (2) lupus nephritis (SLE). In the serial studies of the RPGN and SLE cases, there were no significant changes in the pattern of LAI and they continued to give positive and very comparable results when re-examined at intervals of 1-6 months. Out of the 30 patients who were able to be evaluated with the three antigens, 15 cases exhibited positive LAI response to two or more antigens simultaneously. These in vitro findings suggest that there is an abnormal cellular response to certain antigen or widespread LAI reactivity to a variety of renal antigens in certain forms of human glomerulonephritis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1982

The etiology of caffeine-induced aggravation of gastric lesions in rats exposed to restraint plus water-immersion stress.

Caffeine augmented formation of gastric lesions in rats exposed to restraint plus water-immersion stress for 3 h, together with inhibition of gastric secretion and gastric motility. The etiology of the lesion aggravation by caffeine was studied by measuring several parameters which were relevant to the mucosal defensive factors. Caffeine increased the susceptibility of gastric mucosa to erosive action of acid when simultaneously combined with the stress procedure. Injection of caffeine via an intraperitoneal route, but not via an intraarterial route, caused a decrease in gastric tissue blood flow when no marked fall in body temperature was seen. This indicates that the caffeine-induced decrease in gastric tissue blood flow is not due to its direct action on the gastric mucosal vessels. Hexosamine content of gastric wall tissues, however, was not significantly changed in caffeine-pretreated rats at 3 h after stress. These results suggest that caffeine aggravates stress-induced gastric lesions through some mechanism in reducing mucosal blood flow which is responsible for liability of mucosal autodigestion.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacological studies on Chinese cinnamon. V. Catecholamine releasing effect of cinnamaldehyde in dogs.

Effect of i.v. and i.d. cinnamaldehyde on plasma catecholamine concentration along with intestinal absorption of the drug was studied in anesthetized dogs. Cinnamaldehyde increased plasma catecholamine concentration, the effect produced through i.d. route (50-100 mg/kg) being dose-dependent and more lasting compared with that through i.v. route (20 mg/kg). In the case of 200 mg/kg of i.d. cinnamaldehyde, an exceeding increase in this parameter was obtained during the later period of time course. Intestinal absorption of cinnamaldehyde i.d. administered, which was investigated through measurement of cinnamaldehyde concentration in the portal venous blood and in blood of the postcava, occurred very early and was long-lasting. Increase in plasma catecholamine concentration produced by i.v. cinnamaldehyde disappeared after blood circulation through the adrenal glands was stopped, and was not influenced with pretreatment of hexamethonium plus atropine. Almost all the increased portion of plasma catecholamines by i.v. or i.d. cinnamaldehyde was epinephrine. It was concluded that cinnamaldehyde, entering the circulatory system, reaches the adrenals and releases catecholamines from the organ through a mechanism(s) independent of affecting the cholinergic system. i.v. DMPP which was used as a referential drug also increased plasma catecholamine concentration.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1982

Stress procedures lowering body temperature augment gastric motility by increasing the sensitivity to acetylcholine in rats.

Exposure of rats to restraint plus water-immersion (25 degrees C) stress produces a marked increase in gastric motility with hypothermia. Although this phenomenon was generally considered to be due to centrally mediated cholinergic mechanisms, the present study was designed to elucidate some local peripheral mechanism in enhancing gastric motility with hypothermia. After the onset of water-immersion (37-17 degrees C), body temperature rapidly varied depending on water temperature and gastric motility changed in its pattern with stress duration; increase in gastric motility reached a maximum at 25 degrees C but declined at 17 degrees C. These alterations of gastric motility pattern were not primarily associated with activation or decline of the sympatho-adrenal system. In these stressed rats, either vagally intact or vagotomized, contractile responses of the stomach to i.v. or i.a. administration of bethanechol and acetylcholine, but not to that of histamine, were markedly augmented by lowering body temperature. Similar observations were noted in rats exposed to restraint plus cold (6 degrees C) stress. These results emphasize the possibility that augmentation of gastric motility during water-immersion (25 degrees C) occurs at least in part through local peripheral mechanisms of increasing the contractile sensitivity of the stomach to acetylcholine with hypothermia.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Treadmill stress test using body surface mapping in coronary artery disease--the clinical significance of ST depression.

In this study we assessed in 27 patients with coronary artery disease whether the size of the ST-depression area, which was measured by body surface maps recorded before and after treadmill exercise, could be a useful indicator for evaluating coronary artery disease (CAD) quantitatively. The patients were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the findings of the left ventriculograms: patients with anterior asynergy (n = 6), those with inferior asynergy (n = 6) and those with no asynergy (n = 15). Coronary arteriograms were evaluated according to Pujadas, and epsilon Grade, as an index of the severity of CAD, was developed by adding the grade numbers of the 4 main coronary stems (right coronary artery, main trunk of the left coronary artery, left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery). Patients with inferior asynergy and with no asynergy have ST-depression areas in proportion to their epsilon Grade (r = 0.845, p less than 0.001), whereas none of the patients with anterior asynergy showed ST-depression areas regardless of their epsilon Grade. Of 6 patients who had anterior asynergy, 5 (83%) had pathologic Q waves in the left anterior chest leads. These findings emphasize the clinical value of the ST-depression are for the quantitative and non-invasive diagnosis of CAD, especially in patients without pathologic Q waves in the left anterior chest leads.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Hyperthermic irrigation of urinary bladder tumor in rabbits.

Hyperthermic treatment for bladder tumor in the rabbit was investigated by the irrigation with hot saline through cystostomy after the transplantation of V2 carcinoma cells. When the bladder was irrigated with 42-44 degrees C saline, the inhibitory effect on transplanted tumor growth in the urinary bladder was significant in comparison with control groups. Antitumor effect on the survival and changes in body weight were also significant. Histological study showed the tumor cells were more susceptible to heat than normal mucosal layer. The results suggest that the hyperthermic irrigation of the urinary bladder was effective in preventing the tumor growth with minimum damage on the normal bladder mucosa. Moreover, this malignant bladder tumor of rabbit seems especially suitable for the purpose of studying the new method for transurethral hyperthermic treatment of the urinary bladder cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Congenital Minamata disease accompanied by arachnoid cyst (author's transl)].

A male, born on December 8, 1956, during the period when many Minamata diseases broke out in a district. His parents who ate much fish and shell fish taken in Minamata Bay suffered from the light, incomplete Minamata disease showing sensory disturbance, the constriction of the visual field, muscular weakness, etc. He weighed 3,225 gr. upon the normal birth given 10 months after pregnancy. His abnormalities were noted since his head was not stabilized on the neck even six months after the birth. Because of the delay in the development of the motor function, he became barely able to sit, stand up and begin walking at the ages of 3, 5 and 6 respectively. In 1962 (at the age of 6), his congenital Minamata disease was diagnosed in view of his clinical symptoms and epidemiological conditions. The mercury value in the hair and blood upon the birth is not known because a considerable time had elapsed after the birth when his mercury poisoning was discovered. However, the clinical symptoms included intelligence disturbance, character change, dysarthria, primitive reflexes, strabismus, hypersalivation, ataxia and hyperkinesia, indicating a typical congenital Minamata disease. Until he became 13 years old (1969) or so, his mental and motor function developed, both gradually. In the same year, he was admitted to a special class for the handicapped. EEG examination revealed that there was a slow alpha activity in the basic pattern and that 6 Hz positive spike was found in the sleep EEG. The constriction of the visual field was classified through examination.2+

Adult↗