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Biomedical subjects

M Harada

Publications and source records attributed to M Harada.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Immunological reconstitution after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Immunological reconstitution was studied with regard to T cell subsets and their functions in patients who received intensive therapy and autologous or allogeneic marrow transplantation. One of the distinct features was the imbalance of T cell subsets. Long-standing inversion of the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was characteristic in both autotransplant and allotransplant patients. Significant differences were observed in recovery of T cell subsets and mitogenic responses between autotransplant and allotransplant patients and between transplant patients and normal controls. In contrast, low reactivities of mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) recovered to normal levels within 1 yr in both groups of patients. Then the role of suppressor cells was investigated. During early posttransplant periods, MLC suppressor cells were operative in association with the development of low MLC reactivities because suppressor activity was inversely correlated with MLC reactivities at a significant level. Characterization of these MLC suppressor cells revealed that they were an OKT8- and Ia-positive, radioresistant T cell subset of peripheral blood lymphocytes from autologous and allogeneic marrow recipients. These observations suggest that the imbalance of T cell subsets and their abnormal reactivities may by responsible for the development of immunodeficiency and immunodysregulation in bone marrow transplant patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Prognostic factors influencing the improvement of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia based on a national survey in Japan].

The records of 115 patients with acute leukemia who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from 1975 through August 1984 were collected by a national survey in Japan. One-year survival significantly improved from 9% in group I (before 1980) to 52% in group II (after 1981). Multivariate analysis indicated that selection of the patients in remission without infection at the time of transplant, as well as progress in technology of total body irradiation and selection of a platelet donor with negative cytomegalovirus titer resulted in the significant improvement in survival after 1981.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and experimental studies on the pathogenicity of clinical isolated Citrobacter freundii].

Clinical and fundamental studies were performed using Citrobacter freundii isolated from urine specimens of in- and out-patients between January 1980 and July 1981. The C. freundii (greater than 10(4)/ml) isolated from urine was closely related to chronic complicated urinary tract infection. MICs of pyridonecarbonic acids (ENX, OFLX and NFLX) and CMX against C. freundii were low. Pyridonecarbonic acids (ENX, OFLX and NFLX) and CMX showed good therapeutic effects against the experimental ascending pyelonephritis of mice according to their MICs. Against the experimental ascending pyelonephritis of cyclophosphamide-treated mice, pyridonecarbonic acids (ENX, OFLX and NFLX) showed good therapeutic effects. Experimental intraperitoneal infection of mice was made easily with a low inoculation dose by adding mucin. Pyridonecarbonic acids (ENX, OFLX and NFLX) and CMX showed good therapeutic effects against this experimental model. Experimental respiratory tract infection could not be made in the mice with the organism isolated from urine.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Impaired T-lymphocyte colony formation in lipoid nephrosis.

The T-colony-forming capacity was examined in 13 normal subjects and 14 patients with biopsy-proven lipoid nephrosis (LN). Eighteen additional patients with other well-defined forms of glomerulonephritis were studied as a disease control. Significantly fewer T lymphocyte colonies were found in LN patients and the nephrotic syndrome (NS) than in normal controls. A similar change could be observed in the groups with other types of NS. LN patients with NS had the lowest values of T-colony-forming cells (TCFC), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups of nephrotic subjects. It was also of interest that peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 3 patients with lupus nephritis (SLE) produced significantly low levels of TCFC. The lower levels of TCFC in LN could be enhanced when exogenous interleukin 2 (IL 2) was added to the system. We also examined the production of T-colony-stimulating factor (TCSF). The TCSF production by stimulated PBL from LN patients was lower than in normal subjects. To explain our observations, we presumed that the T colony dysfunction seen in LN patients with NS might in part be due to the decreased TCSF activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental and clinical trials of BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules in the field of pediatrics].

MICs of BRL 25000, a combination of a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor CVA and AMPC in the ratio of 1 to 2, were determined against a number of bacterial strains and compared with those of AMPC, CVA, CEX and CCL. The 98 bacterial strains tested included 2-S. aureus, 23-H. influenzae, 25-E. coli, 22-K. pneumoniae and 26-P. mirabilis. In pharmacokinetic studies, BRL 25000 medium granules were administered to groups of 3 male subjects, aged between 7 years 8 months and 9 years 5 months, at doses of 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg, 2 hours after a meal. The resultant serum and urine concentrations and drug recoveries were measured. Furthermore, BRL 25000 was administered to a total 43 patients (2-pharyngitis, 8-tonsillitis, 3-bronchitis, 2-pneumonia and 28-urinary tract infection) whom clinically evaluable. An average daily dosage of 45.3 mg/kg was given, in 3 or 4 divided doses, for a period of 8 days on average. Clinical and bacteriological effects as well as side effects were studied. In the microbiological studies on 98 clinical strains, including beta-lactamase negative bacteria, BRL 25000 showed MICs against the Gram-positive cocci (2-S. aureus) superior to the other 4 drugs at inoculum sizes of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml. For the Gram-negative bacilli, against H. influenzae at inoculum sizes of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml, BRL 25000 was inferior in the small MIC range but superior in the large MIC range to AMPC, and was superior to the other 3 drugs. Against E. coli at an inoculum of 10(8) cells/ml, BRL 25000 showed antibacterial activity next to AMPC and CCL whilst at an inoculum of 10(6) cells/ml, it was inferior in the small MIC range but superior in the large MIC range to AMPC and CEX and was inferior to CCL but superior to CVA. Against K. pneumoniae at an inoculum of 10(8) cells/ml, BRL 25000 was equal to AMPC, CVA and CEX but inferior to CCL, whilst at an inoculum of 10(6) cells/ml, it was inferior to CCL but superior to the other 3 drugs. Against P. mirabilis at inoculum sizes of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml, BRL 25000 was inferior in the small MIC range but equal or superior in the large MIC range to AMPC, and was superior to CVA and CEX.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical trials of BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules on skin and soft tissue infections in the field of pediatrics].

BRL 25000 is a combination of a newly-developed beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid (CVA) and amoxicillin (AMPC) in the ratio of 1 to 2. The drug, as medium granules, was administered to a total of 92 pediatric patients, ranging in age from 1 month to 13 years and 2 months, with cutaneous/soft tissue infections (70 impetigo, 6 furuncle, 7 phlegmon, 6 abscess and 3 cases of lymphadenitis). It was found subsequently that 2 of the 70 impetigo cases had received topical antibiotic medication and these were excluded from clinical evaluation to give a total of 90 evaluable cases. The daily dosage of BRL 25000 ranged from 23.7 to 75.0 mg/kg, given in 3 or 4 divided doses (average 48.5 mg/kg) and the duration of treatment was for 3 to 13 days (average 6 days). Clinical isolates of S. aureus from the above cases were examined for beta-lactamase production and their susceptibility determined to the 5 antibiotics BRL 25000, AMPC, CVA, cephalexin (CEX) and cefaclor (CCL). The drugs' clinical effects on the various diseases, bacteriological effects and side effects were also studied. At an inoculum of 10(8) cells/ml, major MICs of BRL 25000, AMPC, CVA, CEX and CCL against 71 strains of S. aureus, including beta-lactamase negative ones, were 3.13 mcg/ml, 12.5 mcg/ml, 50 mcg/ml, 12.5 mcg/ml and 12.5 mcg/ml, accounting for 60.6, 38.0, 49.3, 38.0 and 43.7% of the strains respectively, whilst at an inoculum of 10(6) cells/ml, major MICs were 1.56 mcg/ml, 3.13 mcg/ml, 25 mcg/ml, 6.25 mcg/ml and 3.13 mcg/ml, accounting for 57.7, 33.8, 83.1, 50.7 and 54.9%, respectively. It was noted that all drugs tended to show smaller MIC values as the inoculum size was reduced to 10(6) cells/ml and that BRL 25000 showed the most potent antibacterial activity of all 5 drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Vector mosquitoes of Wuchereria bancrofti at Bicol region in the Philippines. 1. Transmission capability.

Mosquitoes were surveyed for the capability of filaria transmission at Sitio Bacolod and Barrio Salvacion, in Bicol region, Luzon, Philippines. The results of indoor collections and experimental infections showed that the infective rates and the median density of infective larvae per infected mosquito were significantly higher in Aedes poicilius than in Culex quinquefasciatus. Aedes poicilius was found to be the principal vector of bancroftian filariasis in this region.

Aedes↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on S6472 (a new prolonged acting preparation of cefaclor) in the urological field].

Fundamental and clinical studies on S6472, a new prolonged acting preparation of cefaclor, were performed and the following results were obtained. Serum level and urinary excretion. 750 mg of S6472, 500 mg of cefaclor (CCL) and 500 mg of cephalexin (CEX) were orally administered in 6 healthy adult volunteers by the cross over method to measure serum level and urinary excretion. The serum level-time curve of S6472 showed 2 peaks at 1 and 6 hours after administration. The peak serum level of S6472 was 4.2 micrograms/ml and 2.9 micrograms/ml, respectively, 1 and 6 hours after administration. The peak serum level of CCL and CEX was 5.8 micrograms/ml and 12.1 micrograms/ml, respectively, 2 hours after administration. The urine level-time curve of S6472 also showed 2 peaks at 0-2 and 4-6 hours after administration and the peak urine level was 1,320 micrograms/ml and 994 micrograms/ml, respectively, 0-2 and 4-6 hours after administration. The peak urine level of CCL was 1,337 micrograms/ml, 0-2 hours after administration and that of CEX was 2,079 micrograms/ml, 2-4 hours. The mean urinary excretion of S6472, CCL and CEX was 56%, 69% and 94% of dose at 12 hours after administration. Clinical evaluation. S6472 was tried in 200 cases of various urinary tract infections. For one group of 85 cases with acute uncomplicated cystitis, clinical effects were evaluated as excellent in 40 cases, moderate in 42 cases and poor in 3 cases, and the overall clinical effectiveness rate was 96.5%. For another group of 68 cases with complicated urinary tract infection, clinical effects were evaluated as excellent in 9 cases, moderate in 27 cases and poor in 32 cases, and the overall clinical effectiveness rate was 52.9%. Side effects. Side effects were observed in 7 cases with diarrhea, epigastralgia, stomatitis, eruption and facial swelling. Administration of S6472 was discontinued in 2 cases, but in 7 cases all symptoms were transient.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of metastatic carcinoma of the spermatic cord due to cholangioma].

Tumor in the spermatic cord is infrequent. Further, among such cases, it is extremely rare to encounter a carcinoma other than a nonepithelial malignant tumor; almost all are metastatic tumors. We recently experienced an interesting case of spermatic cord tumor in a 78-year-old male. He entered our hospital with the chief complaint of a right inguinal tumor. He underwent 2 operations to excise the tumor. The extirpated tumor mass from the right spermatic cord was composed of adenocarcinoma with abundant fibrous stroma, which is considered to be metastasis from the other viscerae. We were unable to find the primary focus in spite of extensive clinical and pathological examinations. In an autopsy about four months after the 2nd operation, the tumor was confirmed to be primary intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, which is called cholangioma. There have been only 20 cases of metastatic spermatic cord tumor reported in Japan. However, we considered that this is the 1st case caused by cholangioma in Japan and even in other countries.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on antibiotics distribution in the post-operative cavity].

In 17 post-operative patients, serum and operation cavity exudate levels after 2 g administration of various cephems (CZX, LMOX, CTX, and CPZ) by one hour drip infusion were evaluated. Drug concentration in exudate (actual levels) was corrected by using an equation for the purpose of excluding blood contamination. After 2 hours from the start of infusion, theoretical levels generally were similar to actual levels. CZX: Peak exudate level was 38.9 micrograms/ml at 4 hours. Maximum exudate level/maximum serum level (E/S) was 0.31. LMOX: Peak in exudate was 41.4 micrograms/ml at 4 hours. E/S was 0.59. CTX: Exudate peak level was 30.8 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, and E/S was 0.53. CPZ: Peak level in exudate was 74.0 micrograms/ml at 4 hours. E/S was 0.36. Generally, peaks occurred at 4 hours (3 hours later than serum peaks), and their range was between 30 and 80 micrograms/ml. At 8 hours, drug levels in exudate were 10 approximately 60 micrograms/ml, and they were higher than the corresponding serum level at that time.

Adult↗