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Biomedical subjects

M Hanefeld

Publications and source records attributed to M Hanefeld.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Results of protein-sparing modified fasting in hyperlipoproteinemias].

We investigated the influence of a PSMF on body weight, body composition, blood lipids, physical working capacity, and nitrogen balance in obese HLP patients. During 4 weeks, 12 patients were treated by PSMF (approximately 340 kcal/d) under health resort conditions. At the same time, they daily exercised on a bicycle with an intensity of 80% of their physical working capacity estimated by an exercise load. The therapeutic regimen induced a significant weight loss (10.1 kg in the mean). Evidently, the patients diminished their body fat only as could be shown by estimations of total body water. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol also decreased significantly, while HDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. In spite of the weight reduction, the physical working capacity significantly increased from 57.8 to 93.2 kgm. Measurements of total nitrogen excretion with urine gave evidence of the protein saving effect of the therapy. Thus, PSMF--representing an effective therapeutic procedure--can be recommended to be used in obese HLP patients, proceeded that contraindications have been taken into consideration carefully.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1984

Reduced incidence of cardiovascular complications and mortality in hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) with effective lipid correction. The Dresden HLP study.

The influence of the efficacy of triglyceride and cholesterol correction on cardiovascular complications and mortality was analysed in a follow-up study with 260 patients with primary HLP (triglycerides before entry greater than 2.9 mmol/l and/or cholesterol greater than 7.8 mmol/l). The follow-up time was 67.4 +/- 27 months. It was hypothesised that reduction of elevated levels of triglycerides and/or cholesterol influenced favourably the incidence of angina pectoris, MI, stroke and total mortality. For ethical reasons, it was not possible to carry out the investigations with a control group. Therefore, we performed an internal comparison of 3 categories of lipid correction achieved during the trial (effective, moderate, insufficient). A substantial improvement of the lipid disorder was obtained by individualizing the therapy. Triglycerides and cholesterol decreased on average by 50% and 20%, respectively. The incidence of MI was 10 times higher than in the general population. With respect to the type of HLP, hypertriglyceridemia revealed a significantly higher incidence of MI compared with hypercholesterolemia and mixed HLP. The therapy variant was only of importance with respect to gallstone diseases accumulating in the CPIB-treated subgroups. We found a majority of cases with newly manifested angina pectoris and stroke in the group with moderate correction of both triglycerides and cholesterol. Patients with effective triglyceride and cholesterol correction suffered less frequently from MI than those with insufficient correction. This was also the case with secondary prevention in cases with MI prior to entry. There was no significant difference in the distribution of lipid categories at entry between those with and without recurrent infarction. In the group without reinfarction, however, the percentage with insufficient control diminished significantly. Associated risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking and obesity were of minor or no significance. In subjects with effective triglyceride correction, the total mortality was 0.97/1000 treatment months vs. 3.63 in insufficiently treated patients. The figures for MI mortality were 0.36 and 1.91, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Results of linseed oil and olive oil therapy in hyperlipoproteinemia patients].

Only few informations exist on the effect of different oils and the transformation of these precursor fatty acids to prostaglandins in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Therefore we investigated the impact of linseed oil and olive oil intake resp. on serum lipoprotein levels, platelet aggregation and fatty acid pattern of serum phospholipids and triglycerides resp. in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (HC) (n = 13) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (n = 16). The probands were randomly admitted to a 4 week test period with 30 ml olive or linseed oil intake. After linseed or olive oil intake all lipid fractions did not change significantly. Olive oil significantly reduced the platelet aggregation only in patients with HTG, whereas linseed oil failed to influence aggregation. After linseed oil intake there was a significant increase in linolenic and also in eicosapentaenoic acid content of phospholipids in patients with HTG. In contrast to HTG in HC linseed oil only increased significantly the linolenic acid fraction. Our data suggest, that the response of serum lipoproteins, fatty acids and platelet aggregation on modifications in dietary fats depends on the type of lipoprotein disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Field bean protein diet in hypercholesteremia].

The lipid-lowering effects of Vicia faba protein are well-known only from animal experiments. According to these studies Vicia faba protein is the most powerful cholesterol-lowering agents among vegetable proteins. Therefore we examined these effects in a group of patients with hypercholesterolemia (HLP type IIa). We observed a cholesterol-reducing efficacy of the Vicia faba protein comparable with those under soy protein diets.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The relation between lipoprotein fractions, sex and IHD in patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia].

The evidence of known risk factors in 228 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia was analysed in relation to the ECG-findings. In 34% of the patients symptoms of the ischaemic heart disease were present. In these cases the ischaemic heart disease prevailing rates for the HLP-types IIa and IIb were higher for the male sex, in the HLP-types III-V, on the other hand, higher for the female sex. With the appearance of the hypertriglyceridaemia, independent on the HLP-type, an increasing reversion of the sex ratio became evident. The total cholesterol level scarcely allowed evidence on the coronary risk in HLP-patients. The importance of the HDL-cholesterol as indicator of risk must be regarded in connection with the actual triglyceride values as well as with sex. Thus the general validity of the HDL-cholesterol was relative.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

[Alcohol and lipid metabolism].

Alcohol has a direct and/or indirect influence on the fat metabolism, evoking a HLP and this again may lead to secondary defects. Liver defects, pancreatitis, haemolytic conditions may be the sequel of the alcohol as well as of the HLP. When a HLP, particularly of type IV. is present, these statements demand a careful alcohol anamnesis. A control after absolute alcohol abstinence is necessary. If within a few days the HLP shows tendencies to involution, the alcohol can be proved as pathogenetic factor. The exclusion of the noxa is of decisive therapeutic importance and often spares a little effective and loaded with side-effects pharmacotherapy.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1980

[Peculiarities of infusion therapy and parenteral nutrition in hyperlipoproteinemia].

By reason of their frequency and complications hyperlipoproteinaemias increasingly get importance for the intensive medicine. When a hypertriglyceridaemia is present one must be particularly careful in the supply of lipid emulsions and monosaccharides. The choice of suitable infusion solutions can in every case be derived only from the etiopathogenesis of the lipid increase. In general is valid that these patients have an increased cardiovascular risk, inclination to disturbances of the cardiac rhythm, thrombembolies, diabetes and pancreatitis.

Fat Emulsions, Intravenous↗
PubMed1980

Effects of p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (CPIB) on the human liver.

Serial liver biopsies were carried out in 67 patients with HLP and/or fatty liver before, during short- and long-term therapy with CPIB and after termination of therapy. Results (1) Decrease of liver glycogen from 4.17% to 2.69% (wet weight, P less than 0.02). (2) Insignificant changes of liver triglyceride content. (3) Significant decrease of manganese, while the concentrations of zinc and copper in the liver biopsy specimens remained unchanged. (4) No signs of liver intoxication or cancerogeneous effects of light-microscopic pictures. (5) Significant increases in numbers of mitochondria and cristae as well as a hypertrophy of endoplasmic reticulum with longer lasting therapy. (6) Striking focal proliferation of cristae mitochondriales in 3 cases on longterm treatment. (7) Regression of the mitochondrial alterations after termination of the CPIB therapy. Our findings suggest that an increased number of mitochondria and of their inner membranes in the liver cells induced by CPIB could play an important role in the hypolipidemic action of the drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Vascular complications in primary hyperlipoproteinemias (HLP) with special reference to changes in the eye fundus].

The distribution of the types of hyperlipoproteinaemias revealed 2 peaks of frequency, i. e. in the types IIa and IIb corresponding 41% and in the types IV and V corresponding 55%. Weight indices and disturbed glucose tolerance are in the types III-V significantly higher than in the types IIa and IIb. The risk factor hypertension was registered in 34% in the investigation material. The highest prevalence rates for myocardial infarctions were in the patients of the types IIb and III, for PAD in the type III. The addition of hypertension and diabetes mellitus to hyperlipoproteinaemia reveals an exacerbation of the vascular risk. Changes of the fundus oculi, which correspond to the picture of a fundus hypertonicus cause to think of the presence of a hyperlipoproteinaemia in all patients with normotension.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Basal and stimulated hyperinsulinemia in obesity: relationship to adipose-cell size.

In 17 non-selected, non-hyperlipoproteinemic subjects without overt diabetes both adipose tissue biopsy and an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g) were performed. All persons were weight-stable at the time of investigation. A significant correlation between fasting insulin concentration and mean adipocyte volume was observed, whereas no correlation existed between ideal body weight index and fasting insulin level. Persons with larger adipocytes had elevated basal insulin levels as well as higher and longer lasting increments following the glucose challenge. They also exhibited significantly higher mean glucose levels during the OGTT. When these patients were matched for glucose tolerance with the subgroup having smaller mean adipocyte volumes, the difference in insulin levels was still demonstrable. This study underlines the importance of adipose-cell enlargement regulating basal and stimulated insulin output.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between adipocyte hypertrophy and metabolic disturbances.

Enlargement of fat cells is known to be a factor stimulating metabolic rates in adipose tissue and thus playing a role in the pathogenesis of certain metabolic disorders. Excessive adipose-cell hypertrophy of the same degree was observed in disturbances of carbohydrate (e.g. in subclinical or maturity onset diabetes) as well as of triglyceride metabolism, despite the fact that body weight in these patient groups was lower than in control subjects (with the exception of subclinical diabetics). Significant correlations between adipocyte volumes and serum triglyceride levels are in agreement with this conception. Similar characteristics of insulin concentrations measured during an oral glucose tolerance test and adipose-cell hypertrophy of the same degree may suggest a comparable influence on the development of carbohydrate intolerance and hypertriglyceridemia. Moreover, our investigations show an increasing of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia up to a Broca Index of 1.2. This points to an extremely high metabolic risk even in people with slight overweight provided the adipocytes are significantly enlarged. Thus, adipocyte size appears to be a good parameter to characterize metabolic impairments.

Adipose Tissue↗