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Biomedical subjects

M Hammond

Publications and source records attributed to M Hammond.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Routine urinalysis in a male working population: effects of some personal and lifestyle factors.

The most frequently positive urinalysis findings in a population of white working men were leukocytes (78.7%), erythrocytes (37.3%) and protein (25.4%). There was a significant correlation among the variables: cells were associated with protein, protein was associated with casts, erythrocytes were associated with granular casts and oxalate crystals. Protein and granular casts were significantly associated with serum creatinine. The prevalence of blood cells varied with age, showing a bimodal distribution. Oxalate crystals were significantly more common in subjects with a history of urinary tract infection; triple phosphate crystals were associated with a history of urinary calculi. Protein and erythrocytes were significantly more frequent in smokers. Leukocytes were significantly more frequent in drinkers. We conclude that there are important factors that must be taken into account in the interpretation of urinalysis findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of 5-hydroxytryptamine-mediated behaviour by the putative 5-HT2 antagonist pirenperone.

The effect of pirenperone, a putative 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, on various 5-HT-mediated behavioural responses has been examined. The head twitch response in mice, induced by administration of carbidopa (25 mg/kg) followed by 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) (200 mg/kg), was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by pirenperone, with an ED50 of 76 micrograms/kg. The appearance of head weaving, forepaw treading and hind-limb abduction, which followed the administration of tranylcypromine (5 mg/kg) plus L-tryptophan (100 mg/kg) or quipazine (50 mg/kg) to rats, was also inhibited by pretreatment with pirenperone (100 micrograms/kg). Pirenperone did not alter the rate of 5-HT synthesis in the rat brain. Whilst pirenperone (100 micrograms/kg) did decrease methamphetamine-induced locomotor activity in rats, a dose of haloperidol producing a similar inhibition of this response did not alter the 5-HT-mediated behaviour. It is suggested, therefore, that the currently used 5-HT-induced behavioural models are 5-HT2 receptor-mediated.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1983

Eosinophilic pneumonia and atypical mycobacterial infection.

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a relatively uncommon condition associated with fever, malaise, weight loss, dyspnea, and hypoxia. The chest radiograph displays peripheral air-space consolidation, often referred to as the negative of pulmonary edema. The characteristic pathologic findings in the lung include marked accumulation of eosinophils in the alveolar spaces, often with the formation of eosinophilic abscesses. We report the history and pathologic findings in a patient who fit the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, but who went on to develop cavitary atypical mycobacterial infection and died. We believe that this case represents an unusual response to an atypical mycobacterial infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Extrathyroidal conversion of thyroxine to 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse-T3) and to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) in humans.

In order to estimate the relative magnitude of the two alternative pathways of monodeiodination of thyroxine (T4) in adult humans, the metabolic clearance rates (MCR) and production rates (PR) of 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse-T3,rT3) and of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) were determined in six euthyroid control subjects (C) and in five hypothyroid patients (H) receiving L-T4 as replacement therapy (0.15-0.3 mg/day). MCR was computed by a non-compartmental method of analysis from the plasma disappearance of 125I rT3 and 131I T3 during 72 h following simultaneous injection of tracers. PR was calculated from MCR and the serum concentration of rT3 and T3, respectively, determined by radioimmunoassay. In the H subjects, rT3 MCR averaged 97.1 +/- 12.8 (SD) 1/day and rT3 PR, 34.3 +/- 12.8 microng/day; T3 MCR was 28.7 +/- 6.1 1/day and T3 PR, 20.3 +/- 6.6 microng/day (all corrected to 70 kg body weight). These results were not significantly different from those in the control group; rT3 MCR 104 +/- 24 1/day, rT3 PR 33.0 +/- 9.2 microng/day; T3 MCR 24.0 +/- 5.9, T3 PR 24.2 +/- 4.1. The proportionof total triiodothyronine (rT3 averaged 62% in H patients and was similar (57%) in the C group. The results obtained in the H subjects indicate that the production of rT3 is a major route of T4 metabolism, equal to or exceeding that of T3. From the close agreement between the mean values for rT3 PR in the C and H groups it is concluded that most, if not all of the rT3 produced in normal humans is derived by extrathyroidal conversion from T4.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Effects of enucleation in retinal degenerate mice.

Two experiments are reported which examine the effects of optic enucleation upon behavior of retinal degenerate C3H/HeJ mice. Enucleation did not affect acquisition of a two-way avoidance task. However, enucleated mice were more active than unoperated controls. The increased activity was not specific to the avoidance task since it also occurred in the closed field. The enucleation-induced increase in closed field activity did not depend upon age at time of testing or postsurgical recovery time. Several alternative explanations are considered, including the possibility that some information may be processed by the eye in the absence of traditionally conceived photoreceptors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bedrails: choosing the best alternative.

This article discusses the importance of resident assessment in the decision to use bedrails, highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to decision-making, and offers a compendium of care plan interventions and devices that serve as alternatives to bedrails.

Accidental Falls↗