Biomedical subjects

M Haida

Publications and source records attributed to M Haida.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Intracranial paramedian hourglass-shaped dermoid associated with hereditary steatocystoma multiplex.

This is the first report to describe the coexistence of two rare diseases, intracranial paramedian hourglass-shaped dermoid and steatocystoma multiplex. A 46-year-old female with a history of steatocystoma multiplex, bradydactylies and kyphosis showed oscillopsia, ataxia and hemifacial spasm. MRI findings suggested a giant dermoid cyst extending from the left middle temporal fossa to the cerebellopontine angle, and this was confirmed surgically. We propose the involvement of some genetic factor or pathological process common to both disorders, steatocystoma multiplex and dermoid. From the clinical point of view, patients with cystic skin lesion should also be checked for intracranial lesion.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1992

31P-NMR study of skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with chronic respiratory impairment.

To evaluate the energy metabolism of peripheral skeletal muscle during exercise in patients with chronic respiratory impairment, the 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of forearm muscle were investigated in nine patients and nine age-matched control subjects. We calculated the phosphocreatine (PCr) to PCr + inorganic phosphate (PI) ratio, the time constant of PCr recovery and the intracellular pH. The exercise consisted of repetitive hand grips against a 2-kg load every 3 s for 6 min (0.33 W). The patients showed a marked decrease in the PCr/(PCr + PI) ratio and pH in the muscle during exercise in contrast to the control subjects whose PCr/(PCr + PI) showed a minor decrease without any change in pH. The relationship between PCr utilization and pH demonstrated that anaerobic glycolysis switched on earlier in patients with chronic respiratory impairment. A split PI peak was observed in five of nine patients during exercise. The PCr/(PCr + PI) ratio during the last minute of exercise correlated significantly with the vital capacity (% predicted), with the FEV1/FVC, with the body weight, with the maximum strength of hand grip, and with the muscle mass. The results indicate impaired oxidative phosphorylation and the early activation of anaerobic glycolysis in the muscles of patients with chronic respiratory impairment. Several factors related to chronic respiratory impairment, such as disuse, malnutrition and dysoxia, would contribute to the metabolic changes observed in the muscles examined.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Is a trypsin-like protease of mites a Der f III allergen?

A trypsin-like protease was purified from mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) fecal extract. In SDS-PAGE, the mite trypsin-like protease showed a single band at 34 kD. The purified trypsin-like protease possessed potent allergenic activity. Both the twenty N-terminal amino acid sequence and the amino acid composition of the purified protease were very similar to those of Der f III. These data strongly suggest that the trypsin-like protease in the mite is a Der f III allergen.

Allergens↗

PubMed1991

Inhibition of allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in sensitized guinea pigs by orally administered allergen.

Crude mite extract (CME) was orally administered to guinea pigs sensitized to CME. It was shown that such treatment reduces the bronchoconstrictive response upon allergen provocation. Isolated tracheae taken from guinea pigs orally administered CME allergen showed less contraction in response to CME as compared to those obtained from sensitized but not orally treated animals. The oral administration of allergens seemed to attenuate the bronchial hyperresponsiveness of sensitized animals to a non-specific chemical stimulus (histamine). IgE antibodies titrated by 8 days passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, and IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies measured by ELISA were comparable in the sera obtained from animals before and after CME treatment.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1991

Synthesis of biologically active recombinant Der f II.

A cDNA library corresponding to mite protein was screened employing anti-Der f II antibody. Two possible clones containing plasmids pFL1 and pFL11 were obtained. The two plasmids had insertions of about 500 basepairs. The DNA sequences of the two insertions were determined, from which the amino acid sequences were deduced. The amino acid sequence of the purified native Der f II protein could be determined to 45 residues from the N terminus. As a result of comparison, we concluded that the cDNAs prepared from live Dermatophagoides farinae mite corresponded to the mite allergen Der f II. The recombinant Der f II was biologically active.

Allergens↗

PubMed1991

Isolation of cysteine protease in the crude mite extract, Dermatophagoides farinae.

In order to study the relationship between cysteine protease and Der f I, which is one of the major allergens in the mite, Dermatophagoides farinae, isolation of cysteine protease was attempted using various column chromatographies. Both the potent cysteine protease activity and the allergenic activity were detected in the same fractions by anion exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sephacel, gel chromatographies and chelating Sepharose 6B chromatography. In the double immunodiffusion test, the finally isolated fraction and rabbit anti-Der f I sera reacted to give a single precipitation line which fused completely with the precipitation line formed by Der f I and anti-Der f I sera. Sequence analysis for the first 10 N-terminal amino acids from cysteine protease and Der f I were identical. These results strongly suggest that cysteine protease of mites may be Der f I allergen and that measuring cysteine protease activity may possibly become a beneficial method for detecting Der f I allergens.

Allergens↗

PubMed1991

Cloning and expression of cDNA coding for the major house dust mite allergen Der f II in Escherichia coli.

A cDNA library corresponding to mite protein was screened using anti-Der f II, a major allergen from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae, antibody. Three possible clones were obtained that contained cDNA fragments coding for Der f II, and the nucleotide sequences of the fragments were determined. There were minor differences observed affecting the deduced amino acid sequence among the three cDNA fragments. The amino acid sequence of the purified native Der f II protein could be analyzed to 45 residues from the N-terminus. As a result of comparison, all the three cDNA fragments code for a mature protein with a derived molecular weight of about 14,000. The amino acid sequence was not homologous to any known protein sequences and it contained six cysteine residues and no N-glycosylation sites.

Allergens↗

PubMed1991

Quantification of water content in biological tissues by proton nuclear magnetic resonance.

We have made quantitative measurements of water content in biological tissue using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We evaluated the factors which affect the NMR signal intensity measurements in order to quantify the absolute water content of the tissue. It can be said that there is an optimum sample length to achieve the absolute value of water content using NMR. The integrated NMR water signal intensity was determined in the frequency domain. The absolute water content was measured gravimetrically. The NMR detectable water in brain and lung tissue was determined using the signal intensity of the analyzed tissue compared with the signal intensity for the same weight of distilled water. The NMR detectable water was 99% by weight for brain and 60% by weight for peripheral lung tissue. The NMR detectability of water in biological tissues varied for different tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Histamine release test of patients allergic to the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae--analysis according to various clinical backgrounds].

Since the histamine release test is more complicated than some of the other tests, there are smaller number of clinical studies employing this method. In this study, we selected 25 males and 20 females, allergic to the house dust mite, to undergo the histamine release test challenged by 7 serial concentrations of the mite allergen diluted from 10 times to 10 million times the original allergen at a concentration of 0.01%. Histamine release was expressed as a percentage of the total histamine concentration contained in the cells. Allergen induced dose response curve of histamine release was drawn for each patient, and in order to characterize each curve, 5 different indices were selected and were averaged according to the clinical backgrounds of the patients. Significant increases in histamine release were observed in males under 25 and females above 26 years of age. Histamine release rate in patients with RAST score of above 3+ was significantly more enhanced than in those with RAST score of below 2+, though this result was significant only for those under 25 years of age. Blood samples taken in June-August, and September-November, showed significant increases in the histamine release, though the indices for enhancement differed in both seasons. When analyzed according to the numbers of years the patient was desensitized, the results showed, contrary to our expectations, a more increased release in the desensitized group than in the non-desensitized group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

A 1-year time course study of the relaxation times and histology for irradiated rat lungs.

To investigate the NMR relaxation times for irradiated rat lung tissue, we measured T1 and T2 at 11 different times during the injury's 1-year time course. A biexponential analysis of T2 was used to determine T2 fast (T2f) and T2 slow (T2s). In addition, we measured water content and correlated changes in the relaxation times with pathological changes. The correlation indicates the following: (1) Shortly after irradiation, the biexponential T2 decay for 1/3 of the samples became monoexponential and there were no noticeable pathological changes observed using light microscopy. (2) During radiation pneumonitis, T2f and T2s were prolonged. This accompanied acute edematous changes and inflammatory cell infiltration. (3) Finally, during radiation fibrosis T1 shortened and collagen increased. We observed no significant correlation between relaxation time changes and water content changes throughout the 1-year time course.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

T2 of endotoxin lung injury with and without methylprednisolone treatment.

NMR relaxation times (T1 and T2) and the water content (WC) of in vitro rat lungs were measured during the course of endotoxin lung injury in rats. Measurements of normal lungs, untreated endotoxin-injured lungs, and endotoxin-injured lungs treated with methylprednisolone (MPSL) were compared. The untreated endotoxin lungs showed prolongation of the fast and slow T2 components (T2f and T2s), but no significant changes in T1 or water content. Also, there was no correlation between 1/WC and relaxation rates or between T1 and T2. MPSL treatment prevented T2f and T2s prolongation; however, the duration of MPSL effectiveness was limited. Animals which were treated with MPSL more than 7 h prior to measurements showed T2 prolongation. This study indicates that NMR relaxation times, particularly T2, can be useful in evaluating lung injuries and their treatments.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Routed protein migration after protein extravasation and water leakage caused by cold injury.

The movement of extravasated endogenous protein induced by cold injury was investigated in the rat. Extravasated proteins were observed around the cold injury immediately after injury; within 3 hr they had moved into the ipsi- and contralateral hemispheres along the nerve fibres (routed protein migration). The water content in the areas where the extravasated protein was observed was increased, and NMR-CT scans (TR 2000 msec, TE 90 msec) showed high intensity patterns whose distribution and progression coincided with those of extravasated protein. NMR relaxation time, T1, showed a slight increase in the area where the extravasated protein was observed, but T2 value did not show any significant changes. In the opposite hemisphere, CBF decreased within 3 to 6 hours after injury. Local cerebral glucose utilization was reduced, but this change occurred more than 6 hours after injury. These results indicate that water leakage and protein extravasation occur simultaneously after the injury without any significant change of water state or protein conformation. Subsequently, a reduction of CBF is induced, which is followed by changes in cerebral metabolism.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Effect of glutamate and its antagonist on shift of water from extra- to intracellular space after cerebral ischaemia.

The effects of glutamate and the excitatory amino acid antagonist, MK-801, were investigated on the time course of the shift of water from extracellular to intracellular space (progression or cytotoxic oedema) after total brain ischaemia in rats. Administration of sodium glutamate intravenously before ischaemia accelerated the shift of water dose-dependently. On the contrary, preischaemic administration of MK-801, an NMDA antagonist, delayed the progression of cytotoxic oedema due to brain ischaemia. We consider that glutamate and NMDA antagonists may have important roles in the development and prevention of cytotoxic oedema in the ischaemic state.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Suppression of water shift into intracellular space by TA-3090 (calcium entry blocker) measured with NMR.

In order to clarify the effects of TA-3090 (calcium entry blocker) on the suppression of water after ischaemic events, 16 measurements of T2f were continuously performed on brain biopsy (for 2-60 min) obtained from treated and control Wistar rats. The time constant (k) and NMR parameters (T2f,(O) delta T2f, T2fmax(T2f(O) + delta T2f) were obtained from 16 values of T2f. The values of k in Wistar rats treated with intravenously administrated TA-3090 (0.5 mg/kg) were significantly prolonged as compared to that of control. There were no significant differences of maximum prolongation of T2f(T2fmax(T2f(O) + delta T2f) among three groups. Since the prolongation of T2f after biopsy reflects the water shift from extra to intracellular space, the increments of time constant indicates that TA-3090 suppresses the water shift into intracellular space. Our present results suggest that TA-3090 prevents some processes involved in irreversible cell damage and suppresses the cytotoxic brain oedema in the incomplete ischaemic area where non-competitive calcium channel is inactive.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Interpretation of pathophysiology by laboratory data (3). A consultation program based on clinical laboratory data.

Based on previous studies, a consultation program using clinical laboratory data has been constructed. After converting all data into the standard deviation index (SDI), the score for preregistered diseases was calculated by integrating products of SDI and the weighting factors (WF) pre-determined empirically by medical experts for each item. Ten diseases in order of their maximum scores, the most predictable ones, and additional comments were printed out. The principle of our consultation program is based on the modified Bayesian theory which employs, instead of probability a posteriori, weighting factors (WF) corresponding to the grade of membership in the "fuzzy set" concept. Evaluations based on this interpretation performed 2-3 times during the clinical course in nine patients were found to agree qualitatively with each clinical course and diagnosis. This report also contains 1) an outline of the progress of this consultation program in Japan and abroad, 2) the actual level of acceptance of this system by physicians, 3) and the characteristics and problems of our program. We are now planning to report a quantitative evaluation of this program using many cases in some specified field, instead of one case of each disease.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗

PubMed1990

Differentiation of lung cancer and radiation fibrosis using magnetic resonance images: a case study.

We used magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate residual and recurrent lung cancer from the surrounding radiation pulmonary fibrosis in a 62-year-old patient. The cancer's signal intensity was greater than the fibrotic lung tissue's intensity in an ECG-gated image with relatively short repetition and echo times and, also, in images with long repetition and echo times.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1990

Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs corresponding to mite major allergen Der f II.

A cDNA library corresponding to mite protein was screened employing anti-Der f II antibody. Two possible clones were obtained, which contained plasmids, pFL1 and pFL11, respectively. Both plasmids had insertions of about 500 base pairs. The DNA sequences of the two insertions were determined, from which the amino acid sequences were deduced. The amino acid sequence of the purified native Der f II protein could be determined to 45 residues from the N-terminus. As a result of comparison, we concluded that the cDNAs prepared from live mite Dermatophagoides farinae corresponded to the mite allergen, Der f II.

Allergens↗

PubMed1989

Allergens of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae. II. Immunological characterization of four allergenic molecules.

In a previous study, we detected four major allergens from the house dust mite extract prepared from the body of Dermatophagoides farinae, employing radioimmunoelectrophoresis. The four allergenic proteins were designated as Me1, Me2, Me3 and Me4. The most prevalent allergen was found to be Me1 and its molecular weight was determined to be 17,000 daltons. In this study, the molecular weight of the second prevalent allergen, Me2, was determined to be 27,000 daltons using the immunoblotting method. The molecular weights of the other two major allergens, Me3 and Me4, were also estimated.

Allergens↗