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Biomedical subjects

M Guslandi

Publications and source records attributed to M Guslandi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Rioprostil and the gastric mucus-bicarbonate barrier.

The effects of a single oral dose of rioprostil, 150 micrograms, rioprostil, 300 micrograms, or placebo on gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion were investigated in humans under basal conditions and during pentagastrin infusion. The study was carried out in healthy male volunteers according to a double-blind crossover design. Rioprostil, 300 micrograms, significantly stimulated basal mucus secretion and induced a significant increase in mucoprotein and bicarbonate output during pentagastrin infusion. The results suggest that rioprostil enhances the gastric mucus-bicarbonate barrier in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Rioprostil in the treatment of duodenal erosions.

Thirty outpatients with erosions of the duodenal bulb unrelated to peptic ulcer were randomly allocated to an 8-week treatment regimen with either rioprostil, 200 micrograms b.d., or with sucralfate, 1 g t.i.d. At endoscopic control complete disappearance of duodenal erosions was found in 57.2% of rioprostil-treated patients and in 64.3% of patients treated with sucralfate. The difference was not statistically significant. The two drugs were shown to be significantly and equally effective in inducing relief of dyspeptic symptoms. No intestinal side effects were observed during treatment with rioprostil.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Motor effects of locally administered pinaverium bromide in the sigmoid tract of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The effects of pinaverium bromide, a non-absorbable antispasmodic agent, administered locally, on sigmoid-rectal motility was investigated in 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The influence of either pinaverium (10 subjects) or placebo (10 subjects) on a neostigmine-induced increase of sigmoid pressure was assessed and compared by means of computerized electromanometry. The drug was found to counteract significantly the motor effects of neostigmine, thus appearing to be an effective compound for the treatment of functional disorders of the colon.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Noninvolvement of gastric mucus in the mucolytic effect of stepronine lysine salt.

The possible influence of stepronine lysine salt, a mucolytic agent, on human gastric mucus was investigated in ten healthy volunteers. Stepronine was administered by the oral route for ten days at a dose of 810 mg daily. Neither the total amount of mucoproteins in the gastric juice nor the quality of gastric mucus secretion (as assessed by a 'mucoprotective index') were altered after treatment with the bronchial secretolytic. The results indicate that the mucolytic activity of stepronine does not involve the gastric mucous coating and that the drug does not exert adverse effects on the gastric mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of FCE20700, a new PGE2 derivative, on gastric acid secretion and cytoprotective processes in man.

The pharmacodynamic effects of FCE20700, a new PGE2 derivative, have been investigated in 6 healthy volunteers given single intragastric (i.g.) and intraduodenal (i.d.) doses of 1 and 2 mg and placebo, according to a double-blind, within-subjects design. For 30-270 min following i.g. administration the effect of FCE20700 on peptone-stimulated gastric acid secretion (AS) was assessed by i.g. titration, and serum gastrin (G) levels were also determined. For the same period after i.d. dosing the effect of the compound on pentagastrin-stimulated AS and on mucoproteins and bicarbonate content in the gastric juice was measured. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate and possible side-effects were monitored. Following i.g. administration there was a moderate, dose-related, significant inhibition of AS; significant inhibition of G levels was observed only after the highest dose. After i.d. administration there was a very modest though dose-related and significant inhibition of AS; a brief maximal increase in mucoproteins and in bicarbonate levels was apparent after the 1 mg dose. After i.d. but not after i.g. administration of 2 mg there was a modest but significant decrease in BP. No side-effects of clinical relevance were reported. The results appear to suggest a major activity of FCE20700 on cytoprotection rather than in inhibiting gastric acid secretion. The observed change in BP may indicate that after i.d. administration there will be some systemic effects of FCE20700.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gastric effects of leukotrienes.

The effects of leukotrienes on gastric functions have been outlined by recent experimental and clinical studies. Leukotrienes were found to stimulate pepsin secretion, to reduce mucosal blood flow and to interfere with gastric emptying. Lipoxygenase products appear to impair gastric mucosal integrity and to exacerbate the damaging effects of noxious agents such as absolute ethanol. Drugs acting as leukotriene inhibitors may have a place in the future as anti-ulcer agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Interdigestive motility pattern in subjects with duodenogastric bile reflux.

The role of antroduodenal motility in the pathogenesis of duodenogastric biliary reflux is widely accepted, but few and conflicting data are available on the possible motor abnormalities related to this phenomenon in the fed and in the fasting state. In an attempt to define the motility pattern of the antroduodenal region associated with bile reflux in the fasting state, 20 subjects with proven duodenogastric reflux and without disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract have been studied, and the results have been compared with those observed in 6 control subjects without evidence of reflux. The interdigestive motility complex (IDMC) has been evaluated (mean duration of IDMC and frequency and site of onset of migrating motor complexes). In subjects with duodenogastric reflux a significant increase (p less than 0.01) in the mean duration of IDMCs (179 +/- 22.19 min) was observed, in comparison with controls (108.5 +/- 37 min). A considerable reduction in the frequency of migrating motor complexes (MMC) was also observed, while no differences in the site of onset and the propagation of MMCs and in the percentage of time recorded occupied by the single phases of IDMC were found. This evidence suggests a strict relationship between duodenogastric reflux and the occurrence of phase III of IDMC and supports the hypothesis that the IDMC abnormalities are the cause and not the consequence of biliary reflux. The reduced incidence of MMC may also account for the high incidence of chronic gastritis due to prolonged contact in the fasting state between the gastric mucosa and the duodenal content.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Duodenogastric reflux: correlations among bile acid pattern, mucus secretion, and mucosal damage.

Forty-five patients with bile reflux at endoscopic examination, confirmed by titration of bile acids in gastric juice, were admitted to the study and divided into three groups in accordance with histologic results: normal findings, chronic superficial gastritis, and chronic atrophic gastritis. Bile acid pattern was determined in duodenal samples by high-performance liquid chromatography titration, and the mucoprotein content of gastric juice was assessed. The results of qualitative analysis of bile acid showed an increase of deoxycholic acid in patients with atrophic gastritis (p less than 0.05) in comparison with controls; determination of taurine and glycine conjugates showed an increase of taurodeoxycholic acid in patients with atrophic gastritis (p less than 0.01) compared with controls. The composition of mucus was altered only in patients with atrophic gastritis. Whether the increase in deoxycholic acid in biliary reflux is a factor in the development of chronic atrophic gastritis or is secondary to the increase of gastric pH, detectable in this condition, is still uncertain. However, the increase of deoxycholic acid and its taurine conjugates may be a factor that leads to persistence of mucosal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gastric cancer in chronic atrophic gastritis. Associated gastric ulcer adds no further risk.

Atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is generally considered a precancerous lesion. We followed 261 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, with and without gastric ulcer, every 12 months for 9 +/- 2 years by means of endoscopic and histological examination. In the presence of dysplasia, however, studies were carried out every 6 months in moderate cases, or every 3 months in severe cases. Patients with gastric ulcer received medical therapy for 8 weeks; if healing did not occur, treatment was continued. Only subjects with healed ulcers were admitted to the follow-up. To date, 205 subjects have been included in the study. Over a 10-year period, 16 patients with recurrent gastric ulcer and 12 patients with cancer in situ or in an early stage, were subjected to surgery. One case of advanced cancer was observed. Cancer has been found in five of 95 cases of atrophic gastritis with gastric ulcer (5.2%), and in 7 of 166 cases of atrophic gastritis without gastric ulcer (4.2%). The difference was not statistically significant. Our results confirm that gastric ulcer per se is not a high-risk condition, but it must be considered as an epiphenomenon on a background of epithelial atrophy.

Adenocarcinoma↗