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Biomedical subjects

M Guillot

Publications and source records attributed to M Guillot.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The anatomical basis for ultrasonography of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the infratemporal fossa.

The infratemporal fossa and its contents (particularly the pterygoid muscles) is a region difficult to explore, in spite of its importance in odontostomatological pathology. In order to reduce the indications that justify examination by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, for reasons of economy of health, the authors describe by application of orientated anatomical slices the way in which ultrasonography can be performed. Only the posterior approach between the mandible laterally and the mastoid process medially provided consistently adequate exploration of the infratemporal fossa and the pterygoid muscles.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[The capsulo-synovial folds of the intercondylar fossa of the human knee].

The study of the capsular insertions of the synovial membrane in the intercondylar fossa of the knee yielded information on the much debated anatomy of this area. In the cranial region, the insertions are found on the axial surface of each condyle, strengthening the dorsal attachment of the cruciate ligaments but remaining separate from these structures. In contrast, more caudalward, the cruciate ligaments, which are partly bordered by synovial lods recesses, are embedded in the posterior adipose mass and distinct from the bridging passage at a distance from the capsula.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Reliability of cutaneous markers in kinetic studies of the human thoracic and lumbar spine].

The use of cutaneous markers as an accurate method of measuring spine motion was studied in five cadaveric spine samples and two live subjects. The markers were placed on the skin over the spinous processes, a particularly suitable site in thin subjects for determining the displacement of the underlying skeletal segments because the deep layer of the skin is in adherence with their fibrous surrounding sheath. Fairly close correlations were obtained in the sagittal and frontal planes between the two sets of measurements. However in the transversal plane the technique is unreliable because of tightening of the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Anatomic bases of groin strain].

It was attempted to identify the anatomical bases of the syndrome frequently encountered in sportsmen and women and commonly known under the all-encompassing term of "groin strain". The continuity of fasciae and the intersection of the insertion tendinous fibers of the abdominal and thigh muscles in the pre-pubic region binds the muscle elements firmly together and helps to understand why the disorder occurs and how to treat it. In contrast, the articular portion made up of the symphysis pubis, which is greatly exerted both during movement and at rest, has early signs of ageing making articular strain much more difficult to treat.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Human neutrophil gelatinase is a collagenase type IV.

Secreted gelatinase from human neutrophils was purified as a 94 kDa polypeptide. Gelatinolytic and type IV collagenolytic activities of the purified protein were measured and compared. Immunoglobulins purified from antisera raised against gelatinase inhibited both the gelatinase and type IV collagenase activities. There was no cross-reaction in the inhibition with type I collagenase while the three metalloproteases were similarly inhibited by recombinant tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases. Purified gelatinase degraded denatured type I and native type IV collagens; there was no proteolysis of native type I collagen.

Collagenases↗
PubMed1993

Dose-response study of metoclopramide in gastroesophageal reflux in infancy.

Twenty-four infants, 1 to 18 months-old, who were referred to four centers for suspected gastroesophageal reflux and whose esophageal pH after a standard formula meal given at 9 to 10 am (Ho-day 1) fulfilled the criterion of being < 4 for more than 5% of the time between H1 and H6, entered a double-blind placebo-controlled dose-response trial of metoclopramide (M). Twenty-four hours later (day 2), patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or a single 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/kg dose of metoclopramide, 30 min before the formula meal (n = 6/group) and the procedure was repeated. Metoclopramide plasma concentration was measured 1 h after dosing (C1h). On day 1, the time during which the esophageal pH was < 4 (time pH < 4), and five other parameters, were not significantly different in the treatment groups. On day 2, time pH < 4 (m(SD)) decreased from 33(13) to 30(33), 39(27), to 36(47), 42(15) to 18(13) and 48(25) to 31(46) min in the placebo, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg metoclopramide groups, respectively. Possibly due to the large interindividual variability, no significant differences in parameters were observed between the different groups. None of the parameters correlated with the metoclopramide dose. Time pH < 4 expressed as the difference between day 1 and day 2, relative to day 1, decreased significantly as a function of C1h. No side effects were observed. A similar study should be performed after repeated dosing regimen.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

[Antipyretic effect of tiaprofenic acid in children. Comparative study with paracetamol].

The authors report the results of a randomised, multi-centric study comparing the antipyretic activity of tiaprofenic acid to that of acetaminophen. Seventy nine children of both sexes, aged 8 months to 9 years, having an average temperature at inclusion of 38.5 degrees C (+/- 0.5 degree C), received as a single dose 50 mg of tiaprofenic acid (3.7 +/- 0.9 mg/kg) (40 children) or 100 mg of acetaminophen (7.7 +/- 1.7 mg/kg) (39 children) for upper respiratory tract infection. The rectal temperature was taken regularly over a 6-hour period. Whatever the criteria considered (gradient between the initial temperature and the lowest temperature observed, difference of temperature at the different time points between the two groups), tiaprofenic acid appeared as effective an antipyretic as acetaminophen. Tolerance was good in both groups. Tiaprofenic acid appears as an interesting alternative to acetaminophen in the treatment of fever in upper respiratory tract infections in children.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1993

[The axillopectoral muscle].

Extending between the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles, the "pectoro-axillary" muscle, the principal anatomic variation of the axillary wall, forms and ectopic muscle band that can complicate axillary dissection. The origin and features of this supernumerary muscle related to Langer's arch are described with emphasis on its surgical applications.

Breast↗
PubMed1992

Mechanisms of orientation of the pelvifemoral base during static loading of the lumbar spine in weight-lifters.

Under static loading during weight-lifting, the lumbosacral spine essentially exhibits horizontalisation of the base of the sacrum (superior plateau of S1). We have attempted to elicit the mechanism of this horizontalisation by means of radiographs. These do not demonstrate any movements of the sacroiliac joints or plasticity of the hip bones. However, a symmetrical rotation of the hip joints conditions a retroversion of the pelvic girdle which explains the horizontalisation of the upper sacral plateau. This fixation of the block of the pelvic girdle is under muscular control, so that this mechanism can be improved by appropriate training.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Contribution of imaging to the understanding of the female pelvic fasciae.

According to the ultrasound and MRI findings, supported by planned dissections, the female perineum is organised around the musculofascial system converging towards the fibrous structure of the central perineal tendon (CPT). Behind the CPT the fascial layers form part of a fibrous assembly extending from the ventral surface of the sacrum to the anal complex, prolonging the direction of the sacral concavity downwards and forwards. On the other hand, in front of the CPT the fasciae fuse to form two aponeurotic bands circumscribing the urogenital fossa. The fascial system is reinforced cranially by the structures of the hypogastric sheath and the uterosacral ligaments. The weak point of the urogenital fossa is partly filled by the urethral-clitoridal-vulvar complex. The perineum so formed plays a cardinal role in stabilising the pelvic viscera. Stress is placed on the firmness of the posterior perineum, a key element in pelvic stability. The posterior perineum is often involved in pathological conditions and a good acquaintance with these structures is essential in defining therapeutic indications.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cystic fibrosis arthritis. A report of five cases.

In a retrospective study of 206 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), five cases of CF arthritis were recorded. This is a frequency of 2.5% and of 4.5% in patients aged over 10. Four patients had episodic arthritis, which was related to the course of pulmonary disease in two cases. In three patients, synovial fluid examination revealed minimal evidence of inflammation. In one of these three cases, synovial biopsy revealed a mild and non-specific synovitis. The fifth patient had chronic arthropathy and was positive for rheumatoid factor, but did not fulfil the criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. There were no radiographic abnormalities in any of these cases. CF arthritis is a rare syndrome of unknown pathogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Correlations of CT and MRI imaging of the lateral pterygoid muscle].

On the basis of 15 CT scan and MRI studies of normal volunteers, the authors describe the features the lateral pterygoid muscle. A good correlation appears between CT and MR images which would be useful in the staging of tumors in this space, and in the pathophysiology of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Liddle syndrome (or pseudo-hyperaldosteronism). Long-term development and erythrocyte potassium flow study in 4 cases].

BACKGROUND: Liddle's syndrome (or pseudoprimary aldosteronism) is a rare hereditary disease; only 18 cases have been reported since 1963. Its cause remains unclear, but one of its features is increased cell membrane permeability to ions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A diagnosis of Liddle's syndrome was made in 4 new cases, all female, two of them sisters (cases n0 3 and 4), at the ages of 2, 12, 5 and 4 years. The first manifestations were dehydratation with hypokalemia at 6 months (case n0 1), hypertension at 2 years (case n0 2), polydipsia with poor weight and height gain at 5 and 4 years of age (cases n0 3 and 4). At diagnosis, all the patients had severe hypertension, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and hyperkaliuria, low plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone levels. Administration of antihypertensive agents was without effect, but the hypertension was reduced when triamterene and low-sodium diet were used. Hypercalciuria was observed in 2 cases and nephrocalcinosis in 2 (case n0 1 had both hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis). The 2 oldest patients (n0 3 and 4) developed progressive kidney failure, possibly due to reno-vascular disease secondary to hypertension. Patient n0 3 underwent kidney transplantation 18 years after the first symptoms of the disease. This resulted in the complete disappearance of her hypokalemia and hypertension. The red blood cell membrane permeability to K+ and Cl- was studied in all 4 cases before triamterene treatment. The passive permeability to K+ and (K+/Cl-) cotransport were both elevated. A second study, 3 years (cases n0 2 and 3) and 8 years (cases n0 1 and 4) later, of patients treated with triamterene showed low values for passive K+ permeability and (K+/Cl-)-cotransport. CONCLUSIONS: The 4 new cases of Liddle's syndrome had the classic features of the disease, except for hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis in 2 of them. The cell membrane permeability data are difficult to interpret. Hypokalemia and hypertension were immediately corrected after kidney transplantation in one case and remained so for 4 years, suggesting that this disease is tubular in origin.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1991

A study of the lateral pterygoid muscle: anatomic sections and CT appearances.

The authors have studied the relationship between anatomic and CT sections of the lateral pterygoid muscle in 39 anatomic specimens. Good superimposition of the images was found, which seems important in neoplastic invasion of the infratemporal fossa and which may lead to a pathogenic interpretation of the algo-dysfunctional syndrome of the masticatory apparatus.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

The lymphatic drainage of the human ovary in vivo investigated by isotopic lymphography before and after the menopause.

The authors report 14 lymphoscintigraphies of the ovary, 8 before and 6 after the menopause. Injection of colloid labeled with technetium 99 m with elective lymphatic absorption was made into the mesovarium under laparoscopic control. Frontal and lateral images of the lymphatic drainage were made with a gamma camera 4-6 h after injection. Even in this short preliminary series, the premenopausal women showed major local and regional lymphatic circulation with drainage to the lumbo-aortic and pelvic nodes. After the menopause the lymphatic flow decreased and drainage was essentially by the aorto-lumbar nodes.

Adult↗