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Biomedical subjects

M Goldman

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldman.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ventilatory responses of aged male and female rats to hypercapnia and to hypoxia.

Ventilatory parameters such as tidal volume, minute ventilation (VE), and inspiratory flow rate decrease in 24- vs. 12-month-old male and female rats. Differences between male and female values are maintained with age. Ventilatory response male and female rats exhibit to hypercapnia is altered by a decrease of the intercept, but not the slope value. The pattern of breathing exhibited by young females and males in response to hypercapnia (i.e. an increase of VT and f) is different than that noted in old males and females (i.e. an increase in VT only). In contrast, the ventilatory response both of slope and intercept male rats show by 24 months is decreased compared to the 12-month value; but the slope value is actually increased in the older vs. younger female rats in response to hypoxia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Intrathecal triiodothyronine administration causes greater heart rate stimulation in hypothyroid rats than intravenously delivered hormone. Evidence for a central nervous system site of thyroid hormone action.

To determine whether intracerebrally localized iodothyronines produce thyroid hormone-related functional effects, heart rate responses were compared in conscious hypothyroid rats given triiodothyronine (T3) by either the intrathecal or the intravenous route. A significant increase in heart rate occurred within 18 h after 1.5 nmol T3/100 g body wt was delivered intrathecally through a cannula previously placed in the lateral cerebral ventricle. Injection of the same T3 dose intravenously through an indwelling jugular catheter or injection of vehicle only by either route produced no significant increase in heart rate during the 48-h postinjection period of observation. These differences were observed even though integrated serum T3 concentrations were significantly lower after intrathecal than after intravenous T3 injection. The results indicate that thyroid hormone effects on heart rate are exerted within the brain as well as within the heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Usefulness of 99mTc pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy in the survey of dialysis osteodystrophy.

Fogelman's score (FS) was used to determine the usefulness of 99mTc pyrophosphate (Tc-PP) bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of dialysis osteodystrophy. FS correlated well with bone 47Ca accretion rate. It remained stable after six months in patients treated with 1 alpha (OH)D3 and increased significantly in a randomised group of untreated patients. It decreased after two years of 1 alpha (OH)D3 therapy while serum calcium increased and iPTH and alkaline phosphatases decreased. Patients with low FS, treated by 1 alpha (OH)D3, rapidly developed hypercalcaemia. In cases of spontaneous hypercalcaemia, parathyroidectomy did not normalise serum calcium in patients with low FS despite a significant decrease in serum iPTH. Lower FS were associated with a higher increase in serum aluminium after desferrioxamine (DFO) administration and in two cases of proven aluminium osteomalacia, DFO therapy was followed by a dramatic increase in FS.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1985

[Glomerulopathies associated with parasitoses].

Glomerular diseases linked to parasitic infections are frequent in tropical areas: the nephrotic syndrome of African children is often related to malarial infections and hepato-splenic schistosomiasis may be associated with glomerulonephritis. Histological studies indicate that the same parasite can induce a spectrum of glomerular lesions. Immune complexes play a major role in the pathogenesis of these nephropathies but their precise composition is largely unknown. Experimental studies suggest that some of these complexes could be formed by immunoglobulin interactions related to the perturbations induced by the parasite within the immune system.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Hemoglobin A1 in renal transplant recipients.

Studies were undertaken to determine levels of hemoglobin A1 in renal and heart transplant recipients. Hemoglobin A1 was measured by separation from Hb A using an affinity-column chromatography system. Significantly elevated levels of Hb A1 were found in all renal transplant patients; diabetic transplant recipients had the highest levels. There was no correlation between serum creatinine and Hb A1 levels in these transplant recipients. The Hb A1 level did correlate with the prior level of glycemia in these patients. Our findings raised the specter of the consequences of disturbed carbohydrate metabolism in these patients as not being different than that observed with other forms of end-stage renal disease management. Finally, in both diabetic and nondiabetic renal transplant recipients, measurement of Hb A1 can serve as a useful adjunct to assess prior glycemia when such information is not available to the clinician.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of intracoronary streptokinase and intracoronary nitroglycerin infusion on coronary angiographic patterns and mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

We randomly assigned patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction to one of four treatment groups: intracoronary streptokinase, intracoronary nitroglycerin, intracoronary streptokinase and intracoronary nitroglycerin, or conventional therapy without initial angiography. Of 124 patients 122 sustained acute myocardial infarction. Initial angiography revealed total occlusion of the coronary artery responsible for infarction in 67 per cent (61 of 91). Acute recanalization occurred in 74 per cent (32 of 43) of patients receiving streptokinase but in only 6 per cent (1 of 18) of patients treated with nitroglycerin alone (P less than 0.01). At angiography of all four groups on Day 10 to 14 the vessel responsible for acute myocardial infarction was patent in 77 per cent (71 of 92) of patients; there was no difference among groups, indicating gradual, endogenous thrombolysis in patients not treated with streptokinase. Patients with subtotal obstruction initially had significant improvement in left ventricular function, significantly lower peak creatine kinase levels, and a trend toward lower mortality than patients with total occlusion initially. Mortality at six months in patients receiving streptokinase (21 per cent, 13 of 62) did not differ significantly from that in patients not treated with streptokinase (10 per cent, 6 of 61). Additional studies will be necessary to assess treatment effects in the angiographic subsets identified by this trial.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Effect of the dentin smeared layer on tensile strength of cemented posts.

The tensile strengths for post lengths of 4 and 7 mm were compared in vitro with 3 different cementing media. In one group, the post preparation was rinsed with 5.25% NaOCl and in the other with 17% EDTA followed by 5.25% NaOCl. The EDTA-NaOCl flush had a profound effect when unfilled resin was used to cement the posts. A 4 mm post cemented with resin in the EDTA-NaOCl group was one and one-half times as retentive as a 7 mm post cemented with zinc phosphate and twice as strong as the 7 mm post with polycarboxylate cement. The 7 mm post cemented with the resin after the EDTA-NaOCl rinse was twice as resistant to displacement as the 7 mm post cemented with zinc phosphate and three times stronger than the polycarboxylate cement.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural demonstration of retrovirus antigens with immuno-gold staining in prodromal acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

The peripheral lymphocytes of a patient with prodromal acquired immune deficiency syndrome contained giant multivesicular bodies. These were specifically stained by immuno-gold labelled polyclonal antibodies against the major core protein p24 of bovine leukaemia virus and human T cell leukaemia virus I. Moreover, the patient's serum was positive for bovine leukaemia virus by the ELISA method.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

An SEM study of posts cemented with an unfilled resin.

Post preparations in two groups of endodontically treated anterior teeth were completed. In Group I, the preparation was rinsed with 2 ml of 5.25% NaOCL. In Group II, the preparation was rinsed with 1 ml of 17% EDTA, followed by 1 ml of 5.25% NaOCl. A plastic post was fitted and cemented with an unfilled resin. After polymerization, the teeth were decalcified in 5% nitric acid. The decalcified structured was dissolved away with 5.25% NaOCl, leaving a model of the cemented post. This was examined by SEM to determine the extent of resin penetration into the dentinal tubules. In Group I, most of the post was smooth, and there was penetration only in small, random areas. In Group II, there was penetration into the tubules the full length and circumference of the post. Such penetration provides a very strong mechanical lock that enhances the tensile strength of the cemented post. Removing the smeared layer and then cementing a post with a Bis-GMA resin results in greatly increased tensile strength, even with shorter posts.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMed1984

Cement distribution and bond strength in cemented posts.

Rods of lucite were drilled to receive a No. 5 parapost to a depth of 4 mm and 7 mm. Posts were fitted and cemented either by coating the post with cement or by placing the cement in the prepared hole with a lentulo spiral in a low-speed hand-piece and then inserting the pre-coated post. Photographs were taken to determine the distribution of the cement. The lentulo spiral distributed the cement along the entire length of the preparation, but coating alone did not distribute the cement evenly. The tensile strength with these two methods of post cementation was also compared in four groups of extracted teeth. In Groups IA and IIA, the post preparation was rinsed with 2 ml of 5.25% NaOCl and dried with paper points and blasts of air. In Group IA, the post was coated with zinc phosphate cement and seated. In Group IIA, the cement was placed into the post space with a lentulo spiral in a slowly rotating hand-piece; the post was then coated and seated. In Groups IB and IIB, the post preparation was rinsed with 1 ml of 17% Na2 EDTA followed by 1 ml of 5.25% NaOCl to remove the smeared layer at the dentin-cement interface. The posts were then cemented as in IA and IIA. Under the conditions of this experiment, the following conclusions can be drawn: Placing cement into the preparation with a lentulo spiral increased the tensile strength and the overall cement distribution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cementation↗
PubMed1984

Urethral overdilatation in females with lower urinary tract symptoms.

The long-term results of using the Otis urethrotome as a dilator only in females with lower urinary tract symptoms are reported. Out of 103 patients, 80% were symptomatically improved or cured at initial follow up and this was maintained at 18 months in 62% of cases. Optimal, long-term results (78% improvement or cure) were obtained in the subgroup of patients who had recurrent urinary tract infections. The results compare favourably with those reported following urethrotomy. The advantages of urethral overdilatation are discussed.

Adult↗