Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldberg.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Quantification and excretion profiles of pteridines in primate urine.

Biopterin, 6-hydroxymethyl-pterin, isoxanthopterin, neopterin and, pterin were quantified in stress-free collected spontaneous morning urine samples from Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus fuscicollis, Saguinus labiatus, Saimiri sciureus, Presbytis entellus, Cercopithecus albogularis, Cercocebus torquatus, Macaca fascicularis, Hylobates concolor, Pongo pygmaeus, and Gorilla gorilla. In most species, biopterin was the most frequent urinary pteridine followed by neopterin. Sex differences in biopterin and neopterin excretion were observed in Gorilla gorilla and Pongo pygmaeus. Pterin and isoxanthopterin were only present in minor concentrations. 6-hydroxymethyl-pterin was barely detectable and not present in the urine of Saguinus labiatus, Saimiri sciureus, and both male Gorilla gorilla and Pongo pygmaeus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Postoperative hypertension: a multicenter, prospective, randomized comparison between intravenous nicardipine and sodium nitroprusside.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of iv nicardipine with sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of postoperative hypertension after both cardiac and noncardiac surgery. DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label study. SETTING: Six tertiary referral medical centers (recovery rooms and surgical ICUs). PATIENTS: A total of 139 patients with postoperative hypertension: i.v. nicardipine (n = 71), sodium nitroprusside (n = 68). INTERVENTION: Administration of i.v. nicardipine or sodium nitroprusside. MEASUREMENTS: Vital signs (BP, heart rate), hemodynamic variables, medication dosage, total number of dose changes, and time to achieve BP control were recorded. MAIN RESULTS: Both medications were equally effective in reducing BP in both the cardiac and noncardiac surgical groups. Under the conditions of the study, i.v. nicardipine controlled hypertension more rapidly than sodium nitroprusside (i.v. nicardipine 14.0 +/- 1.0 mins and sodium nitroprusside 30.4 +/- 3.5 mins, p = .0029). The total number of dose changes required to achieve therapeutic BP response was significantly less in the i.v. nicardipine-treated patients (i.v. nicardipine 1.5 +/- 0.2 vs. sodium nitroprusside 5.1 +/- 1.4, p < .05). Adverse effects were observed with both drugs (i.v. nicardipine 7% [5/71] and sodium nitroprusside 18% [12/68] [NS]). CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous nicardipine is as effective as sodium nitroprusside in the therapy of postoperative hypertension. Specific advantages have been identified. The use of i.v. nicardipine should be considered in the therapy of postoperative hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Computer-assisted diagnosis and teaching of disorders of electrolyte, acid-base, and water metabolism.

Application of the tools of graphics, animation, sound and hypertext integrated with expert knowledge may help overcome the difficulties in teaching electrolyte and acid-base metabolism and its disorders. Using the Macintosh computer and the application, Hypercard we have developed two related programs with the following characteristics. Each contains graphic maps, consisting of a nomogram for plasma pH, PCO2 and HCO3 with zones representing physiological adaptation for each acid-base disorder (the Acid-Base map), and a nomogram illustrating relationships between plasma [Na+] and osmolality in hypo- and hypernatremic and hypo- and hypertonic states (the Sodium-Osmolality map). These are incorporated graphically and mathematically into each of the two Hypercard programs: The Acid-Base Diagnostician and The Osmotic Diagnostician. In the diagnostic module of each program, a differential diagnosis is developed for each of several zones on each map and, after obtaining additional user-entered clinical information, the program applies the relevant expert algorithms and presents the most likely diagnosis and differential diagnosis on screen and in printout. Each program has a teaching module involving text, hypertext, color graphics, digitized speech, and animation which demonstrate and discuss normal physiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria. The comprehensiveness and flexibility of the programs enable use by students at all levels, residents in medical and surgical disciplines, and physicians in many specialties.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1992

Certified sick leave and work load. A case referent study among nurses.

A case-referent study assessed the association of medically certified sick leave from work with some occupational characteristics: hospital, care unit, and two work-load indices (patients' average length-of-stay, and nurse-patient ratio). Study participants were nurses from seven general hospitals in Quebec City, who had been employed for at least 6 months at the time of study. Cases (n = 1165) experienced at least one episode of medically certified sick leave between January 1, 1984 and May 31, 1987. Referents (n = 1165) were chosen from subjects who had no such leave and were matched to cases on the basis of dates on which sick leave occurred. Occupational data were collected from employment records and administrative files. Analysis was conducted using multiple logistic regression. Statistically significant associations were found between sick leave and one hospital, two care units, and nurse-patient ratio among head nurses. These odds ratios were independent of length of service in the hospital or in the actual job assignment. The study supports the pertinence of using certified sick leave as a nonspecific indicator of health outcomes.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1991

Co-distribution of annexin VI and actin in secretory ameloblasts and odontoblasts of rat incisor.

Annexin VI and actin were detected by immunoblot analysis in the enamel- and dentin-related portions of dental tissues. Annexin VI was found mainly in the particulate fraction whereas actin was detected in both the soluble and particulate fractions. By immunoelectron microscopy, annexin VI antibodies conjugated with colloidal gold were seen to label the mitochondria, the cytosol and the nucleus of secretory ameloblasts and odontoblasts of rat incisor. In the processes of these cells, the plasmalemmal undercoat was labeled. Anti-actin antibodies labeled the desmosome-like junctions, the cytosol, and the mitochondria of the cell bodies. Extensive labeling was seen at the periphery of the Tomes' processes and odontoblast processes. These results suggest that annexin VI may play a role in Ca2(+)-regulation in the cell bodies, especially as a calcium receptor protein in the mitochondria. Moreover, annexin VI and actin seem to be co-distributed in secretory processes. Thus, these proteins might be both involved in exocytotic and endocytotic events.

Actins↗
PubMed1991

Ultrastructure of inter-odontoblastic fibres in the rat molar.

Radially directed inter-odontoblastic collagen fibres were observed in ultra-thin sections of the radicular pulp/predentine complex of rat molars. Bundles of fibres crossed the distal junctional complexes of the odontoblasts, went through the whole thickness of the predentine and were incorporated into the mineralized dentine. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bundles of radial fibres are not found between the coronal odontoblasts of the rat molar but only in the root. The radial fibres were inserted into the predentine along vertical long-axial crests. The intercrest interval was not tightly fixed and the pattern of fibre-bundle insertion did not show a regular periodicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Schistosoma mansoni: two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of antigens uniquely immunoreactive with protective rat serum.

Candidate vaccine antigens are defined by their differential immunoreactivity with antisera which are distinguishable by their capacity to confer passive resistance to infection. This "contrasting antisera" immunoassay has been successfully used in previous analyses of 4-week-old worm biosynthetically radiolabeled Schistosoma mansoni proteins to identify potentially protective antigens. Twice-infected Fischer (F-2x) and Wistar-Furth (W-2x) rat sera were the sources of protective and non-protective antibody, respectively. We have extended our original analysis by applying two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to resolve total and immunoreactive soluble proteins of the 4-week worms. Total proteins were characterized by silver staining and autoradiography. Radiolabeled protein antigens immunoprecipitated by F-2x and W-2x antisera were compared, and several were shown to be uniquely reactive with the protective immune serum. In a companion molecular approach to clone the candidate vaccine antigens, screening of a lambda gt11 adult S. mansoni cDNA expression library by the contrasting antisera assay has identified a clone (lambda 40) producing a fusion protein with epitopes uniquely reactive with F-2x. A rabbit antiserum to the lambda 40 fusion protein (anti-FP40) reacted with radiolabeled worm proteins in the 20-kDa size range. By 2D gel electrophoretic analysis, we can now demonstrate that anti-FP40 specifically immunoprecipitates most of the members of a multicomponent protein antigen subset 18-22 kDa in Mr, focusing over a pI range of 5.3-5.8, and recognized uniquely by F-2x.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The misdiagnosis of conversion disorder in a psychiatric emergency service.

During a 1-year period, 8400 patient presentations to a psychiatric emergency service were screened for the conversion symptom of extremity paresis/paralysis. Of 4220 unduplicated presentations, three patients had this complaint. These cases were reviewed and followed up. All had received a DSM-III diagnosis of conversion disorder, but in each case the patient's conversion symptom was attributed to organic disease. This had medicolegal consequences in one case and threatened legal consequences in the others. Although the frequency of this alleged conversion symptom was 0.07%, in reality it was 0.0%. Guidelines for the management of the alleged conversion symptom of paresis/paralysis are discussed.

Adult↗