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Biomedical subjects

M Garty

Publications and source records attributed to M Garty.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Reduction of serum theophylline levels by terbutaline in children with asthma.

We studied the effect of oral terbutaline on serum theophylline levels in 12 children with asthma. Sustained-release theophylline (10 mg/kg twice a day) was given with placebo or terbutaline (0.075 mg/kg three times a day) in a chronic, randomized, double-blind, crossover design. The trough serum theophylline concentration fell from 13.8 +/- 4.0 to 10.8 +/- 3.6 micrograms/ml and the peak expiratory flow rate increased from 285 +/- 30 to 310 +/- 29 L/min after terbutaline. Further investigation is needed to clarify the mechanism of action by which terbutaline decreases serum theophylline levels.

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

Effects of morphine on the disposition of ampicillin in mice.

Morphine raised the levels of intravenously administered ampicillin in the plasma of mice. Despite higher ampicillin levels in plasma after administration of morphine, levels of this antibiotic in bile and urine were not elevated. After ligation of the common bile duct, ampicillin levels in plasma were elevated. Morphine caused a further rise in drug levels in plasma of duct-ligated mice. Ampicillin levels in plasma were higher in mice made anephric by prolonged ligation of their external urethras. In such animals, morphine also caused ampicillin levels in plasma to be even higher. These experiments suggest that morphine impairs both renal and hepatobiliary elimination of ampicillin. These effects of morphine were completely reversed by naloxone. In contrast to effects on intravenously administered ampicillin, morphine markedly reduced drug levels in plasma when ampicillin was given by gastric intubation. This resulted from delayed absorption because of retardation of gastric emptying by morphine.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of hepatic sinusoidal dilatation.

Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation is a rare complication of oral contraceptive use. A 29-year-old woman who had been taking oral contraceptive pills for eight years was found to have persistently elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates and alkaline phosphatase levels, hepatomegaly, diffuse hepatic sinusoidal dilatation, and a large nonhomogeneous hyperechogenic lesion in the right hepatic lobe. The abdominal ultrasonogram, liver size, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and alkaline phosphatase levels reverted to normal within 24 months after discontinuing oral contraceptives. This case should encourage the use of abdominal ultrasonography in detection and follow-up of hepatic sinusoidal dilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bioavailability of phenytoin: comparison between three preparations.

Crossover studies, following single oral doses given to 19 healthy volunteers were conducted to compare the bioavailability of three phenytoin preparations: DANTOIN and IDANTOIN (Teva, Israel) and EPANUTIN (Parke-Davis, USA). The first has recently replaced the second as the only preparation available in Israel for alleged better bioavailability. The area under the serum concentration time curve (AUCo----48), however, did not significantly differ between preparations, indicating equivalent absorption of the three preparations. These results suggest that no overall adjustments are required when switching from one preparation to another.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Opioid effects on lidocaine disposition and toxicity in mice.

Morphine sulfate, 20 mg/kg, or equivalent doses of the opioids, meperidine and fentanyl, elevated plasma levels of lidocaine after i.v. administration of this antiarrhythmic drug. Plasma levels of the lidocaine metabolites, monoethylglycinexylidine and glycinexylidine, were reduced by opioids as lidocaine levels were elevated. The opioid antagonist, naloxone, 1 mg/kg, reversed the effects of morphine, 20 mg/kg, on lidocaine. After morphine, plasma levels of both lidocaine and indocyanine green were elevated, suggesting that the effect of morphine on lidocaine disposition was related to reduced hepatic blood flow. Morphine and meperidine increased lethality of i.v. lidocaine, as shown by marked reduction of LD50 by either opioid.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Captopril].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Captopril↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous bacterial pleuritis in a patient with cirrhosis.

Empyema of the left pleural cavity developed suddenly in a nonalcoholic cirrhotic patient. Cultures of the pleural fluid under anaerobic conditions grew Clostridium perfringens, an organism normally found in the enteric flora. The infection developed in an old pleural effusion. Since there was no evidence of trauma, necrotizing pneumonitis or subphrenic infection, spontaneous bacterial pleuritis is proposed.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Probucol with colestipol in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

The effects of therapy with 1 g of probucol and 20 g of colestipol were compared with those of the drugs used singly on 47 patients with hypercholesterolemia in a double-blind, double-placebo, diet-controlled, crossover trial that lasted 18 months. The probucol and colestipol combination, but neither drug alone, reduced mean serum low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels from 242 +/- 51 (SE) mg/dL during the diet and placebo phase to 171 +/- 41 mg/dL. Probucol significantly lowered high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels and increased LDL:HDL-cholesterol ratios. Combination therapy did not change LDL:HDL cholesterol ratios. Probucol alone or in combination reduced very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels, despite concomitant elevations of serum triglyceride levels caused by colestipol in the combination protocol. Gastrointestinal side effects of single drugs were abolished when drugs were used in combination. Compared with the values in the diet-placebo phase, LDL-cholesterol levels were reduced by more than 20% in 81% of patients, by more than 30% in 49%, and by more than 40% in 17%. This drug combination proved to be safer and have greater hypocholesterolemic effects in more patients than other marketed drug treatments.

Adult↗