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Biomedical subjects

M Garnier

Publications and source records attributed to M Garnier.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Monoclonal antibodies against the bacterial-like organism associated with citrus greening disease.

Hybridoma clones secreting specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the bacterium-like organism associated with citrus greening disease were produced from homogenates of infected phloem tissues used as immunogens in mice immunizations. Differential ELISA and immunofluorescence were used to screen for hybridomas secreting mAb against the greening organism (GO). Two such hybridoma clones were obtained. The mAb were specific for the GO. No cross-reactions were seen with any of the other phloem-limited prokaryotes tested nor with healthy plant material.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insect cell cultures in the study of attachment and pathogenicity of spiroplasmas and mycoplasmas.

The insect cell lines Dm-1 (Drosophila melanogaster), AS-2 (Aceratagallia sanguinolenta) and AC-20 (Agallia constricta) were infected with spiroplasmas, mycoplasmas and Acholeplasma laidlawii. In Dm-1 cultures maintained at 25 degrees C in M1A medium, all strains multiplied except M. hyorhinis and the uncultivable sex-ratio organism. Spiroplasma citri R8A2, S. floricola BNR-1 and OBMG, S. apis PPS-1 and the strains BC-3, corn stunt spiroplasma (CSS) and 277F produced cytopathogenic effects (CPE), whereas S. mirum SMCA, M. orale, M. arginini and A. laidlawii did not. Cytadsorption was found with the cultivable spiroplasmas and A. laidlawii. At 30 degrees C SMCA, M. orale, M. arginini and A. laidlawii killed the Dm-1 cultures. M. hyorhinis grew without any CPE. In AS-2 and AC-20 cultures grown at 28 degrees C in LB medium, R8A2, B88, 277F, BNR-1 and PPS-1 multiplied and reached titres of 2 X 10(8) to 4 X 10(9) CFU/ml. They produced CPE leading to culture death. CSS did not grow. R8A2 reached higher titres in AS-2 cultures than in fresh LB medium. This stimulating factor was studied by means of conditioned medium. All 6 spiroplasmas cytadsorbed to AS-2 and AC-20 cells. B88 and 277F adsorbed heavily, while the other 4 strains adsorbed only slightly. Fluorescent DNA staining with "Hoechst 33258" revealed the presence of non-helical forms inside the cells.

Acholeplasma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aetiology of citrus greening disease.

Greening disease of citrus is characterized by the presence of procaryotic organisms in the sieve tubes of infected plants. These procaryotes have often been called mycoplasma-like. We have previously shown that the envelope of the organism was composed of two membranes, each with a triple-layered structure: an inner membrane (cytoplasmic membrane) and an outer membrane. Penicillin treatment of greening-affected plants results in remission of symptoms, suggesting the presence of a peptidoglycan (PG) layer in the envelope of the organism. However, when observed by conventional electron microscopy, no PG layer could be detected in the envelope of the greening organism (GO). Recently, we were able to transmit the GO from citrus to periwinkles by dodder. In periwinkles, GO multiply to high titres and, therefore, characterization studies can be carried out directly on the organisms in situ. Using papain treatment of GO in greening-infected periwinkles, we were able to visualize a PG-like layer in the envelope of the GO. This layer was removed by lysozyme treatment. In these respects, the structure of the GO envelope was nearly identical to that of E. coli, a Gram-negative bacterium, but was different from that of Staphylococcus aureus (a Gram-positive bacterium) treated in the same way. From the presence of a membranous PG-containing cell wall, the GO appears to be a true bacterium of the Gram-negative type, and not a mycoplasma.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sulphonamide and dapsone residues in bovine milk following intramammary infusion.

The elimination into bovine milk of sulphonamides (sulphadimidine and sulphamethoxypyridazine) and dapsone following intramammary infusion was studied. Determination of sulphonamides and dapsone in milk was performed by a high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection. The limit of quantification was 0.01 microgram/ml. Withdrawal times were established considering the maximum residue limits fixed by the European Community (100 micrograms/kg for sulphonamides and 25 micrograms/kg for dapsone). The diffusion of residues into milk from a quarter infused by the intramammary route to the untreated quarters was also studied.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibacterial activity of urine after administration of ofloxacin for 5 days].

The antibacterial activity of ofloxacin was evaluated in urine over a period of 96 h after oral administration for 5 days of 200 mg twice a day in 12 healthy female volunteers. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of urines were studied for five strains of enterobacterias recovered from urinary infections: two strains of Escherichia Coli Nal-S and Nal-R, two strains of Proteus mirabilis Nal-S and Nal-R, and one strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae Nal-S. Mean urinary concentrations of ofloxacin were very high during the first 12 h following last intake. They were still above 7 mg/l till the 48th hour and above 1.6 mg/l till the 72nd hour. Bactericidal activity of urine was present for 72 h in respect of four strains studied at that time; urine was not bactericidal as regards E. coli Nal-R. After 5 days of oral treatment with ofloxacin (200 mg b.i.d.), urine retains a bactericidal activity for at least 72 h against bacterial strains of urinary tract infections.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma and erythrocyte lipids. Relation between globular dystrophies and hepatic lesion in ethylism].

Human red cell and plasma lipids are determined in alcoholic patients with various forms of liver diseases including steatosis, cirrhosis and hepatitis. No relation between serum lipids and red cell lipids content have could be demonstrated. A relation is shown between morphology and lipids red cells content, different anatomopathologic states of liver and erythrocyte morphology. In steatosis red cells phospholipids (specially phosphatidyl choline) are increased. In cirrhosis red cells show an increased of both cholesterol and phospholipids content. Target cells show an inchanged cholesterol-phospholipids ratio when acanthocytes show and increased cholesterol phospholipids ratio by a greater increase of cholesterol than phospholipids.

Adolescent↗