Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Garnier.
In this article, the authors propose an original analysis of the cardiac frequency after training. The study of rapid diminution (alactic oxygen debt) and of plateau (lactic debt in oxygen) make possible adjustment of the training. The variations observed in young swimmers during their sporting season and note a tangible improvement of the two components for recovery.
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The helical mycoplasma Spiroplasma citri was examined by electron microscopy with a newly developed transfer technique which preserves the helical morphology of the organism. The smallest viable cell was found to be a two-turn (elementary) helix. During the logarithmic phase of growth, organisms increased in length and divided by constriction, liberating two-turn elementary helices. The most frequently dividing parental helix was one with approximately four turns, yielding two elementary helices. Influence of pH and temperature on the morphology of the organism was also investigated. In unbuffered medium, growth of the organism produced a significant decrease in pH and a consequent formation of abnormal morphological forms and cell lysis. At 37 degrees C, cell division was inhibited, leading to a progressive disappearance of two-turn helices and an increase in the average length of other helices. Finally, helices were never seen to arise from round bodies at any stage of the growth cycle.
We test for CFA and LT toxin 159 E. coli strains issued from endemic diarrheas in hospitalized children. Three strains belong to the CFA1 group but only one is LT toxin producing. This last one is isolated in feces of a child coming from topical areas.
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The effects of left stellate ganglion stimulation (LSGS) on regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) and epicardial S-T segment were investigated in the normal and ischemic myocardium of anesthetized dogs. In nonischemic myocardium LSGS decreased calculated coronary resistance, increased RMBF, and reduced the endocardial-to-epicardial (endo-to-epi) ratio. These effects were reversed after atenolol (1 mg/kg) and abolished after combined atenolol and phenoxybenzamine (3 mg/kg) treatments. In ischemic myocardium LSGS did not change RMBF but increased S-T segment. However, after atenolol, LSGS increased ischemic RMBF and the ischemic-to-nonischemic areas flow ratio (reverse coronary steal phenomenon), these effects being abolished by phenoxybenzamine. We conclude that 1) LSGS increases RMBF and decreases endo-to-epi ratio in nonischemic areas by beta 1-adrenergic stimulation through metabolic autoregulation, 2)beta 1-adrenergic blockade in nonischemic areas unmasks alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction inducing a redistribution of flow towards ischemic areas, and 3) further elevation of S-T segment by LSGS is due to oxygen requirements enhancement by beta 1-adrenoceptors stimulation.
The authors studied changes in erythrocyte lipids in severe infectious syndromes, separating healthy individuals (n = 10) from those with hepatic insufficiency (n = 7). No variations in sphingomyelins were seen. By contrast, the fall in cholesterol and other phospholipids studied (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) was highly significant. The difference between the two groups remained clear on the fourth day. No relationship could be established with prognosis and the organism responsible. In conclusion, the authors stress the need for study of the relationships between these changes and erythrocyte functions.
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A simple and rapid procedure for identification of carbohydrates in serum, urines and faeces is described. A chromatographic separation on silicagel plates is used, followed by a polychromatic visualization of spots, which can allowed a semi-quantitative evaluation of isolated carbohydrates.
beta-Adrenoceptor agonists increase myocardial ischemic injury, mainly by elevating myocardial oxygen consumption. Moreover, it has been shown that isoprenaline may "steal" regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) from ischemic to non ischemic areas and from epicardium to endocardium. The mechanisms of these two isoprenaline-induced redistributions of RMBF have been investigated by the use of radioactive microspheres in an experimental model of canine myocardial ischemia with simultaneous measurement of ST-segment elevation. Isoprenaline increased RMBF in both epi- and endocardial non ischemic areas and in epicardial ischemic areas, leading to a significant decrease in the endo/epi ratio. After atenolol, isoprenaline still increased RMBF but to a lesser extent and the endo/epi ratio was still decreased. Salbutamol, in doses inducing no significant changes in cardiac parameters or myocardial oxygen consumption, produced effects similar to those of isoprenaline. These results indicate a non-homogeneous beta2-stimulation-induced vasodilation in endo- and epicardium, which might be due either to the higher epicardial coronary vasocilatory reserve or to a heterogeneous distribution of transmural beta2-adrenoceptors. Isoprenaline also decreased the ischemic/non ischemic total blood flow ratio (I/NI) and caused further increases in ST-segment elevation. These effects were abolished by atenolol pretreatment, indicating the deleterious effects of isoprenaline-induced tachycardia in this I/NI decrease and in the ischemic injury.
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