[Case of triple cancer co-existent with leprosy].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
M Furuta
Publications and source records attributed to M Furuta.
MRI of malignant melanoma of liver.
We report MR images of primary malignant melanoma of the liver. The tumor showed heterogeneously increased signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. After the administration of gadolinium-DTPA, the lesion presented irregular enhancement. Autopsy revealed a large black mass surrounded by fibrous tissue. The tumor consisted of atypical cells with melanin pigment, and had intratumoral degeneration, necrosis, and hemorrhage.
Aged↗
An autopsy case: limited small cell lung cancer controlled with radiation therapy alone.
We report a patient with limited small cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy alone, who survived more than two years. At autopsy no residual tumor or metastasis was found. This case can be of help in estimating the value of thoracic irradiation for local control of tumor, which is still a subject of controversy.
Aged↗
Effect of krestin (PSK) as adjuvant treatment on the prognosis after radical radiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
From 1976 to 1985, 185 patients with non-small cell lung cancer at stages I-III were treated with definitive radiotherapy in Gunma University Hospital. As a result of analyzing the long-term survivors treated with radiotherapy, suitable conditions of the patients for radical radiotherapy were as follows; 1) stage I or II, and some stage III, 2) as regards the histologic type epidermoid carcinoma or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 3) as regards the primary sites, the upper lobe and the superior segment of the lower lobe, 4) the optimum dose was 60-70Gy, 5) the size of the radiation fields given > 40Gy was 100 cm2 or less, and 6) the host condition was satisfactory (BRM combined use). In particular, as a result of administering PSK as adjuvant treatment to patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung showing satisfactory tumour shrinkage after radiotherapy, the five year survival rate of the patients with stages I or II disease, as well as stage III was 39% and 22% respectively, compared with the non-administered group's 16% and 5%. These differences are statistically significant. Although an improvement in the results of treatment with the combined use of appropriate BRMs is anticipated in the future, when clinical trials for combined BRM and radiotherapy are planned, the subjects should be patients with satisfactory tumour regression after radiotherapy.
Age Factors↗
p53 protein expression and radiation-induced apoptosis in human tumors transplanted to nude mice.
Relationships between p53 protein expression and radiation-induced apoptosis in five human tumors transplanted to nude mice were studied immunohistochemically. They were irradiated with 200 kV X-rays. Six hours after 2, 5, 10, or 20 Gy irradiation, tumors were excised and fixed. Tumors were also examined 1-48 hours after 10 Gy. Immunohistochemical studies were performed for analysis of p53 protein expression. TUNEL and electron microscopic studies were performed to identify apoptosis. In non-irradiated control groups, the incidence of apoptosis was very low in all of the five tumors. Most tumor cells of the ependymoblastoma were p53 protein negative, but the other four tumors were p53 positive. Following irradiation, most tumor cells of the ependymoblastoma became p53 positive, and the incidence of apoptosis increased. However, we could not find significant changes in the percentage of p53 positive cells in the other tumors, and radiation-induced apoptosis in them was low or negligible. These results suggest that radiation-induced apoptosis in a radiosensitive human tumor is related to wild-type p53 protein expression. In contrast, the p53 protein expression of the other four human tumors should be mutant type, and it does not lead to radiation-induced apoptosis.
Animals↗
Apoptosis induced by heavy ion (carbon) irradiation of two human tumours with different radiosensitivities in vivo: relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of carbon beam.
The effect of heavy ion (carbon beam) on apoptosis in vivo was studied. The human brain tumors xenografts of different radiosensitivities were used. The results demonstrated that the effect of carbon beam on apoptosis was similar to photon in radiosensitive tumors; however, carbon beam had the advantage on apoptosis in radioresistant tumors. In ependymoblastoma, a radiosensitive tumor, the incidence of apoptosis induced by photon and by carbon at 6 hours after irradiation were 34.5 +/- 7.85% and 32.5 +/- 7.04%, respectively. In glioblastoma (radioresistant tumor), the incidence of apoptosis induced by photon and by carbon at 6 hours after irradiation were 1.35 +/- 1.68% and 4.4 +/- 2.47%, respectively. Therefore, the incidence of apoptosis was increased more than 3-fold (RBE 3.0) at 6 hours after irradiation in glioblastoma. The heavy ion (carbon) beam is effective in radioresistant tumors in vivo.
Animals↗
Clinical FDG-PET in diagnosis and evaluation of radiation response of patients with nasopharyngeal tumor.
BACKGROUND: We investigated the utility of clinical FDG-PET in patients with nasopharyngeal tumor treated by radiotherapy, retrospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with known or suspected nasopharyngeal tumors underwent FDG-PET. PET images were evaluated with visual interpretation qualitatively. Semiquantitative analysis was also performed on the metabolic ratios (MRs). RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET based on visual inspection were 92.9% (13/14) and 83.3% (10/12), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between histological types in the mean MR. MR was significantly decreased by radiotherapy in patients with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PET scans obtained 1-3 months after radiotherapy indicated decreased levels of FDG uptake in all tumors but one scan did not accurately reflect the status of the disease. CONCLUSION: These results are encouraging as to the clinical usefulness of FDG-PET for evaluating radiation effects in patients with nasopharyngeal tumor.
Adult↗
Radiation therapy for cancer in elderly patients over 80 years of age.
The elderly population has recently increased, and the need for cancer care and treatment for the elderly is likely to grow. We report on radiation therapy for cancer in elderly patients over 80 years of age. During the period from 1985 to 1996, 90 elderly patients (54 men, 36 women) aged over 80 years were treated with radiation therapy. Many patients had primary tumors of the esophagus, head and neck, and lungs, in that order of frequency. Fifty-seven percent of the patients were treated with radical radiotherapy, and 70% were treated with radiotherapy alone. The rate of completion of radiation therapy was 90%, and the response rate was 82%. Radiation therapy played an important role in the treatment of the patients over 80 years of age. The half of our patients had concurrent medical problems, and were dependent on their home physicians both before and after radiation therapy. We consider that radiation oncologists should make an effort to form a good relationship with home physicians.
Aged↗