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Biomedical subjects

M Furuta

Publications and source records attributed to M Furuta.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal bone findings in a patient with Möbius syndrome.

Temporal bone findings in a case of Möbius syndrome are presented. The most striking pathological feature of the case is that the facial nerves ended in the horizontal segment in the temporal bones on both sides. This finding gives direct evidence that the site of nerve lesion in Möbius syndrome is in the peripheral nerve. Despite the disappearance of facial nerve in the horizontal segment, a neural element reappeared in the vertical segment of the fallopian canal, and moreover, the chorda tympani was found to cross the tympanic cavity in the normal position. This finding suggests that fibers of the chorda tympani sometimes take an alternative pathway via Arnold's nerve.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral primary choroidal melanoma treated with bilateral plaque radiotherapy: a report of three cases.

PURPOSE: To report three cases of bilateral primary choroidal melanoma treated with bilateral plaque radiotherapy. METHODS: Retrospective, single-center case series. RESULTS: Case 1: In 1981, a 50-year-old man was diagnosed with a 5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma in the right eye (OD) and treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 1994, a 6.8-mm-thick choroidal melanoma in the left eye (OS) was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was light perception OD and 20/20 OS at 24 years follow-up. Case 2: In 1983, a 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with a 3.5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OS and treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 2001, an enlarging 2.5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OD was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was 20/30 OD and 20/20 OS at 22 years follow-up. Case 3: In 2001, a 92-year-old man was diagnosed with a 7.9-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OD treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 2003, an enlarging 2.8-mm-thick juxtapapillary choroidal melanoma was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was 20/70 OD and 20/60 OS at 2.5 years follow-up. No patient showed ocular melanocytosis. Stable tumor regression was achieved in all six eyes. Metastatic disease did not develop in any case over 16 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring of both eyes of patients with uveal melanoma is important for the remote possibility of melanoma in the second eye. In these three patients, plaque radiotherapy allowed for preservation of the globes and some vision.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supersensitivity by AF64A, a novel inhibitor of neuronal choline-uptake, of the rat iris sphincter smooth muscle.

Effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) on contractile responses to agonists or transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) were examined in rat iris sphincter muscle. The responses to TNS of isolated sphincter muscle were abolished within 1 hr after the addition of 0.1 mM AF64A to the bathing solution, while responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were not changed significantly. In sphincter muscles which were isolated 3 days after the micro-injection of 100 nmol AF64A into the anterior chamber of eyes in vivo, the response to TNS were decreased to about 30% of the control. The injection of AF64A at higher concentrations often resulted in serious chronic damage of the eye. When 100 nmol AF64A was injected twice with an interval of 3 days, the response to TNS was decreased to about 20% of the control. Maximum responses and sensitivities to ACh and 5-HT were markedly enhanced in sphincters from eyes which had been treated with AF64A twice. The sensitivity of depolarized sphincters to external Ca2+ was also increased significantly. Seven weeks after the second injection, responses to TNS recovered to more than 50% of the control and the effects of AF64A mostly disappeared. In conclusion, the acute inhibition of parasympathetic transmission without postsynaptic changes can be achieved within 1 hr after bath-application of 0.1 mM AF64A. The reduction of parasympathetic nerve activity by treatment with AF64A in vivo induces nonspecific supersensitivity in iris sphincter, whereas effects of AF64A were mostly reversible under the present experimental conditions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of AF64A on the mRNA levels of muscarinic receptor subtypes in the rat iris sphincter.

The reduction of parasympathetic nerve activity by the treatment with ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) in vivo induced both specific and non-specific supersensitivities in the rat iris sphincter (Tanaka et al., 1999). Changes in the expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes, which could be a cause of specific supersensitivity induced by the treatment with AF64A, were examined using competitive PCR techniques. Muscarinic receptor population is composed of m2, m3, and m4 subtypes in the rat iris (Furuta et al., 1998). Interestingly, m4 mRNA was much more abundantly expressed than m2 and m3 in the rat iris sphincter. The treatment with AF64A significantly increased the mRNA levels of m2 and m3 subtypes to 370 and 330% of the control but not that of m4 (approximately 90% of the control). In addition, the total protein contents were increased to approximately 125% of the control. The up-regulation of the mRNA levels of m2 and m3 subtypes by the treatment with AF64A was significant when they were compensated for the increase in total protein contents. The down regulation of m4 mRNA expression was not significant even after being corrected for the protein content. These results suggest that the up-regulation of the mRNA levels of m2 and m3 subtypes may be, at least in part, responsible for the supersensitivity to muscarinic agonists after the treatment with AF64A in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation therapy for T1 glottic cancer: involvement of the anterior commissure.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the anterior commissure (AC) involvement in radiation therapy for T1-stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients comprising 50 with AC negative tumor and 14 with AC positive tumor, were retrospectively analyzed. Irradiation was administered using parallel opposed lateral portals and wedge filters from 60 to 70 Gy with 2 Gy daily fraction. The tumor doses were estimated by a computer or by an ionization chamber and a thermoluminescence dosimeter. RESULTS: The 5-year local control rates of the AC negative and positive group were 89% and 58%, respectively. The actual dose on the AC was slightly lower than the expected dose which was calculated by a computer. CONCLUSION: The AC involvement was one of poor prognostic factors. The under dosage which was caused by using wedge filters, might have had an effect on the local control.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retina tomography after vitrectomy for macular edema of central retinal vein occlusion.

PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVE: To report retina tomography after vitrectomy for macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five patients with macular edema caused by CRVO were examined using optical coherence tomography (OCT) through their clinical courses. RESULTS: The retinal thickness through the fixation was reduced in all 5 eyes. Preoperatively, the retina thickness at the foveola was more than 500 microm in three eyes and more than 1000 microm in 2 eyes. The retina thickness was reduced to 311+80 microm within two weeks on average. Visual acuity was improved by two or more lines in 3 of 5 eyes. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy is worthy of consideration when macular edemas are prolonged in patients of CRVO. OCT is a useful instrument for management and treatment of macular edema.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amyloidosis in leprosy.

Histopathologic studies were performed on systemic amyloidosis of leprosy patients in two Japanese leprosaria. Amyloid deposits were observed in 23 of 50 cases (46%) autopsied from 1955 to 1959 (Group A), and in 17 of 110 cases (15.4%) from 1962 to 1971 (Group B). These incidences are higher than those of the pre-chemotherapeutic period in Japan. The average age of amyloidal cases was significantly lower than that of nonamyloidal cases in both groups. There was no predilection for either type of leprosy in Group B. Pyelonephritis was frequently observed in both groups; the incidence of amyloidosis in Group B correlated with pyelonephritis. Amyloid deposits may be related to renal disorders associated with lepra reactions or inflammatory lesions. Amyloidosis has been classified into primary and secondary type, but the criteria seem uncertain. We referred to a classification based on immunologic finginds. In the severely affected lesion of the kidney of one case, we observed foci of foreign body type giant cells, suggesting a possibility of resorptive process in human renal amyloidosis.

Adult↗