Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Fukui.
A case of intracerebral meningioma associated with disseminated plaques of arachnoidal ossification is presented. The osseous plaques were situated on the same side and predominant in the neighborhood of the tumor. Histologically the ossification was thought to have originated from the wall of the pial vessels.
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The smear method for rapid diagnosis of tumors of the central nervous system at operation is not popular in this country, although this has been widely used in North America and Europe since 1930s. During the period from 1958 to 1976 we experienced 1447 histologically verified tumors of the central nervous system. This smear preparation stained by eosin and methylene blue was made for rapid diagnosis in 718 cases of them. We reviewed these cases and described microscopical findings of various kinds of tumors. In over 90% of cases the correct diagnosis will be obtained from the smears. It can be said that the smear method is appropriate for intraoperative rapid diagnosis of neurosurgical cases.
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A case of intraventricular cavernous hemangioma is reported, with a review of the literature, especially that dealing with angiography of intracerebral lesions. Dense venous poolings and a localized area of venous stain were observed in this case.
Preoperative 60Co-irradiation was given in five cases of highly vascular meningioma. Radiation doses ranged from 3,000 to 6,000 rads and were delivered over periods from 17 to 45 days. In one case of tentorial meningioma preoperative irradiation produced a marked reduction in the size and the vascularity of the tumour, as seen on the angiograms, and of the hot area in the brain scan. Papilloedema and abducens palsy also improved. After irradiation the tumour was totally removed. Histopathologically the tumour was a meningioma resembling a haemangiopericytoma. Coagulation necrosis of the parenchyma of the tumour was prominent. In the other four cases (three of meningothelioma type and one of haemangioblastoma type) the preoperative irradiation caused little or no change in the angiograms or in the brain scans. A mild clinical improvement occurred in one case, but deterioration took place in other cases. It may be concluded that preoperative irradiation gives little or no beneficial effect on meningiomas other than those of certain types, such as those resembling haemangiopericytomas, or malignant meningiomas. The clinical and radiological differential diagnosis between the usual types of meningioma and those which are either malignant or resemble haemangiopericytomas is discussed.
The authors present a surgical case of a lipoma of the cerebellopontine angle in a 28-year-old woman.
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Human CSF cells in cases of non-neoplastic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) were examined in vitro by 3H-thymidine autoradiography. Immediately after withdrawl by lumbar or ventricular puncture, the CSF was incubated in a sedimentation chamber at 37 degrees C for 1 hr with an admixture of 3H-thymidine at a concentration of 1-2 muCi/ml CSF. In a few cases the CSF withdrawn was incubated in a glass tube in the same condition as in a sedimentation chamber, and the CSF cells were collected by centrifugation. The CSF cells collected were fixed in methanol and the microautoradiographic procedure was performed. Labeled CSF cells were found in 21 cases out of 22. The average labeling index of the total nucleated cells was 0.22% with the highest labeling of 0.74%. Almost all the labeled cells were thought to be medium to large sized lymphocytes and monocytoids. Peripheral blood was examined by a similar method and the results were compared with those of the CSF. It may be noteworthy that thre exist DNA synthesizing cells in the CSF even in a non-neoplastic state of the CNS, although the number is not large.
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Some basic problems in immunofluorescence were reexamined, limiting the object to kidneys. As to thickness of sections, 4 mum was demonstrated to be the most reasonable also to kidney specimens. Treatment of PBS for a short time before staining was recommended not only for cleanup effect but also for the possibility to disclose covered antigenic determinants. It was also established that fluorescent antibody with adequate F/P molar ratio, as well as with strict specificity, should be used, in order to prevent "false positives".
Three cases of trigeminal neurinoma originating from the Gasserian ganglion were reported. The findings observed on plain roentgenograms, cerebral angiograms and pneumoencephalograms were described in detail. Neuroradiologic examinations used routinely our department for the diagnosis of the skull base tumors were as follows; (1) plain skull examinations, including lateral, straight posterior-anterior, anterior-posterior half axial (Towne), axial, Stenvers, optic canal as well as tomograms in frontal, sagittal and axial projections; (2) angiographies by transfemoral catheter technique including selective internal carotid, external carotid and vertebral angiograms, and orbital-cavernous sinus venography via frontal and femoral veins; (3) pneumoencephalography with tomography. Bone destruction of the middle fossa including foramen ovale, foraman spinosum and lateral aspect of the sella was seen in all cases. Superior orbital fissure, optic canal and anterior surface of the petrous bone were also eroded depending upon the extent of tumors. Sharply circumscribed erosion of the petrous apex was seen in one of 3 cases, indicating the tumor extention into the posterior fossa. A soft tissue mass in the sphenoid sinus and ethmoidal air cells was recognized in all cases. Selective internal and external carotid angiograms demonstrated tumor vessels in 2 of 3 cases. Orbital-cavernous sinus venography was helpful for the interpretation of the lesion extending to the cavernous sinus and its neighboring structures. Conventional gas encephalography showed elevation of the temporal horn, and the concave arch formed by the supracornual cleft and lateral cleft was directed basally and medially in all of the cases. Tomography was also useful in the more detailed analysis of temporal horn. It should be stressed that the plain skull features are most important for deciding which contrast examination should be performed further.
CSF cells in a case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain with diffuse subarachnoid spreading were examined by 3H-thymidine autoradiography. Immediately after lumbar puncture, the CSF withdrawn was incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 hr with an admixture of 3H-thymidine at a rate of 1 muCi/ml CSF. The cells were collected by centrifugation and the microautoradiographic procedure was performed. The labeling index (L.I.) of the total CSF cells was 10.5%, and when non-neoplastic cells, i.e. polymorphonuclear leukocytes, small lymphocytes, monocytes etc., were excluded, the real L.I. of the tumor cells in the CSF was supposed to be more than 14.4%. Referring to the results of various brain tumors reported in the literature, this belongs to the highest labeling group. The high L.I. of the tumor cells in this case was well consistent with the extremely rapid clinical course. It should be stressed that the examination of CSF cells by 3H-thymidine autoradiography in cases of brain tumors could be one of the valuable methods indicating the DNA synthesis of the tumor cells, which is an important parameter of malignancy.
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Electrophoretic and quantitative studies reveal that 85% of Japanese carry an atypical liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The frequency of ADH polymorphism is identical with the reported frequency of alcohol sensitivity in the Japanese population. This identity in population frequencies points to a causative relationship between the two phenomena and suggests that alcohol sensitivity might be due to the increased acetaldehyde formation in individuals carrying the atypical ADH gene.
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A method, by which the more precise localization of immunofluorescent deposits in the glomerulus is easily demonstrated with the fluorescence microscopy, was described. By means of this method, the deposits even in the Bowman's space could be identified, as well as the deposits in the subepithelial, subendothlial and mesangial regions. From this result, it was suggested that this method should be widely used for the immunofluorescence studies on human renal biopsied sections, in order to elucidate the relationship between the localization of deposits and renal diseases.