Intensity of surface-plasmon polariton energy emitted into the air side in an air/Ag-film/prism configuration.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
M Fukui
Publications and source records attributed to M Fukui.
Primary cerebral ganglioneurocytoma in an adult.
A case of an unusual cerebral neuronal tumor in a 37-year-old woman is described. A clearly marginated tumor, which was found to occupy the septum pellucidum, genu of the corpus callosum, and right frontal lobe, was composed of ganglionic and small round cells. These two populations of neoplastic cells were both interpreted as being in the advanced stages of neuronal maturation, and the authors thus designated this tumor as a "ganglioneurocytoma." Related nosologic problems on central neuronal tumors and their possible histogenesis are also discussed.
Adult↗
Experimental observation of attenuated-total-reflection spectra of GaAs/AlAs superlattice.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
In vivo measurement of intra- and extracellular space of brain tissue by electrical impedance method.
An impedance method was applied to evaluate transcellular fluid shifts in ischaemic brain oedema. The admittances (apparent electrical conductivities) of tissues were measured at varied frequencies based on a simple model of an electrical equivalent circuit for tissues, which consisted of Re (resistivity of extracellular fluid), Ri (resistivity of intracellular fluid) and Cm (capacitance of cell membrane). Calculated were Re, Ri, Rinf (resistivity of total fluid), Re/Ri and alpha (Cole-Cole distribution index) of brain tissue by Cole-Cole an arc of a circle. During ischaemia induced by cat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the parameters were examined continuously. After MCAO, cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreased to under 10 ml/100 g/min. Then Re and Re/Ri increased, but Ri decreased. These results indicated that fluid shift from extracellular (EC) to intracellular (IC) space occurred after ischaemic insult. Rinf showed no changes during ischaemia of 30 min, which demonstrated no changes of total fluid volume. Using this impedance technique, fluid accumulation and shift may be examined by changes of Re, Ri, Re/Ri and Rinf in various types of brain oedema in vivo.
Animals↗
Contrary effect of lactic acid on expression of neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein in human glioma cells.
We examined the effect of lactic acid on cultured human glioma cell lines expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The growth of the cells was inhibited by the lactic acid in a dose-dependent manner. At 56 mM of lactic acid, the surviving cells of the KNS-42-c2 cell line developed slender processes and increasingly formed bizzar giant cells. In an immunofluorescence study of the lactic acid-resistant cells, the GFAP-positive cells prominently decreased in number, while the NSE-positive cells clearly increased. The vimentin was not affected throughout the experiment. After removing lactic acid from the medium, the GFAP-positive cells gradually increased in number. The method of dot immunoassay was useful for quantifying GFAP in cellular extracts. It indicated that the amount of GFAP decreased in the cells cultured with lactate-containing media and increased to the primary values after removing the lactic acid. These results may suggest that the morphological and immunochemical diversities of glioma cells are secondarily affected by cellular microenvironments such as lactic acid.
Cell Line↗
Radiation-induced meningiomas and their proliferative activity. Cytokinetic study using bromodeoxyuridine.
Two cases of meningiomas, which are considered to have been caused by the preceding irradiation, are reported. In both cases, the cytokinetic study of the tumour using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was performed. The percent of the tumour cells in the S phase of the cell cycle was less than 1% in both cases. The low labelling indices might suggest a relatively slow growing potential of these tumours, though the radiation-induced meningiomas were reported as being rapidly growing and malignant.
Adolescent↗
Reoperation for moyamoya disease refractory to encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis.
Three cases of Moyamoya disease successfully treated by reoperation are reported with special reference to the operative techniques in the second operation. These children first underwent encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS). Because two of the three postoperative collateral formations through EDAS were either poor or not present at all and their symptoms remained. Encephalo-myo-synangiosis (EMS) was later added in the posterior frontal and/or parietal regions of the same side as the former EDAS. In the remaining one, the collaterals through EDAS were well formed but transient ischaemic attack (TIA) persisted in the lower limb. The collateral to the middle cerebral arterial (MCA) distribution, even though seemingly well formed, was not sufficient to obtain a complete subsidence of the symptoms. In this case encephalo-myo-arterio-synangiosis (EMAS) was later added to the antero-medial frontal region of the same side as the EDAS to form collaterals to the anterior cerebral arterial (ACA) distribution. In all three cases the angiograms after the second operation showed good formation of collaterals, and the symptoms subsided. The causes of poor collateral formation through EDAS and operative techniques for the additional operation for those cases refractory to EDAS are discussed.
Brain↗
Long-term results of wrapping of intracranial ruptured aneurysms.
We report the long term result of the treatment of 29 intracranial ruptured aneurysms by wrapping with or without coating. These patients were followed for a mean period of 11 years. The outcome of all patients was as follows; 19 were categorized as good, 2 were severely disabled, on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and 8 died. The rebleeding occurred in 5 patients within 3 years after surgery, and all died. There was an overall rate of 17% of rebleeding in our series, which is much higher than the rebleeding rate after aneurysm treatment by clipping of the neck but lower than the usual rebleeding rate in conservatively treated cases. In conclusion, the wrapping as a choice of treatment of ruptured aneurysms is not a safe alternative to the direct operative occlusion of the aneurysmal sack.
Adhesives↗
Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis in children with moyamoya disease.
Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) was done in 16 Japanese children with Moyamoya disease on 22 sides. The results were evaluated clinically, angiographically, and by positron emission computed tomography (PET). Postoperative external carotid angiograms showed a good collateral circulation through EDAS in 72 percent of the treated sides. Two-thirds of the sides examined by PET showed improvement in cerebral blood circulation, particularly at the surgically-treated cortex. Postoperatively the symptoms disappeared in those with good new collateral formation. TIA, RIND, and/or involuntary movement disappeared in 31 percent and partially so in 44 percent 6 months after EDAS. The TIA in the lower limb and/or involuntary movement persisted in some children. This surgical approach seems applicable particularly for children with the ischaemic type of Moyamoya disease, however, the procedure also has drawbacks. Development of collateral circulation was insufficient in some cases, and the territories of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) or posterior cerebral artery (PCA) were often not covered, even in those with a good new collateral formation in the middle cerebral arterial (MCA) area.
Cerebral Angiography↗
Immunohistochemical study of ependymal neoplasms: histological subtypes and glial and epithelial characteristics.
An immunohistochemical study on ependymal tumours was performed in order to determine what relationships exist between histological subtypes and epithelial or glial characteristics. Thirty-eight ependymal tumours were examined with antibodies to cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), transthyretin (TTR) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using the avidin-biotin-complex technique. They included 23 ependymomas, 13 anaplastic ependymomas, and 2 myxopapillary ependymomas. Only 3 of the 23 ependymomas were positive with EMA but 19 reacted with GFAP. None of them were positive with CK. Six of the 13 anaplastic ependymomas were positive with EMA, 3 with CK and 10 with GFAP. Five of the 6 anaplastic ependymomas which had epithelial marker proteins were either negative or weakly positive for GFAP. The present study demonstrates that most benign ependymomas exhibit GFAP positivity while the anaplastic ones tend to suppress their glial nature in favour of epithelial differentiation. However, ependymal tumours showed few characteristics of choroid plexus cells; only one of the examined cases was positive for TTR.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
Two pediatric cases with occlusions of the ipsilateral internal carotid and posterior cerebral arteries associated with moyamoya vessels: "unilateral" moyamoya disease.
Two pediatric cases of unilateral Moyamoya disease are reported. The clinical symptoms and the findings of electroencephalography, angiography, and positron emission tomography in these cases were quite the same as those in the cases with bilateral involvement, which is typical of this disease. In both cases angiography demonstrated unilateral occlusion not only of the internal carotid artery but also of the posterior cerebral artery together with so-called Moyamoya vessels on the same side. Although infectious diseases were mentioned in the patients' histories, no obvious basic diseases related to the cerebrovascular occlusion were detected. We consider that these cases with unilateral involvement suggest the presence of unilateral Moyamoya disease without progression onto the opposite side.
Animals↗
Arteries in contact with the cisternal portion of the facial nerve in autopsy cases: microsurgical anatomy for neurovascular decompression surgery of hemifacial spasm.
The cisternal portion of the facial nerve and its contact arteries were examined anatomically in relation to neurovascular decompression surgery to treat hemifacial spasm. Thirty-five sides of brains from 20 autopsied adult patients were examined under a surgical microscope (x 5-x 25). One attaching point was found on 10 facial nerves, two points on 20 nerves, and three points on four nerves. More than two thirds of the facial nerves were attached at two points: the root exit zone and the distal cisternal portion. In a case of distal attachment, the contact artery formed an arterial-nerve complex with the distal portions of the facial and acoustic nerves. The arterial attachment at the root exit zone was evident on 24 of the 35 facial nerves (69%), and most of the contact arteries were the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and its branches. In five nerves, the root exit zone was attached at two points to arteries. The anatomy of autopsied brains without hemifacial spasm is not identical to that of actual clinical cases of hemifacial spasm; nevertheless, the results do aid in intraoperative anatomical orientations.
Adult↗
Magnetic resonance imaging of experimental rat brain tumors: histopathological evaluation.
Using RG-C6 glioma-transplanted rats, we studied precontrast and postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging, extravasation of Evans blue, and histology. In all rats, tumor was enhanced with gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA). The necrotic portion in the tumor, however, was not enhanced. Hemorrhage and hydrocephalus were clearly visualized on both the precontrast and postcontrast images. Blood-brain barrier-disrupted areas stained with Evans blue and areas enhanced with Gd-DTPA on magnetic resonance imaging were nearly consistent. It is suggested that the mechanism of brain tumor enhancement with Gd-DTPA on magnetic resonance imaging is simply related to the degree of alteration of the blood-brain barrier. The Gd-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, even with low magnetic field, is useful for the evaluation of size, shape, and location of experimental rat brain tumors.
Animals↗
"Alternative self-diploidization" or "ASD" homothallism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: isolation of a mutant, nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction and endomitotic diploidization.
A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae representing a novel life cycle, named "alternative self-diploidization" or "ASD" homothallism, was obtained fortuitously. In this life cycle, MAT alpha (or MATa) haplophase and MAT alpha/MAT alpha (or MATa/MATa) diplophase alternate. Germinated cells are haploid and mating. They soon become nonmating and sporogenous as they vegetatively grow. They sooner or later diploidize presumably via endomitosis. The diploid cells haploidize via normal meiosis. A single recessive nuclear mutation, named asd 1-1, is responsible for "ASD" homothallism. In the rho 0 cytoplasm, asd 1-1 cells mate even if at a low efficiency and fail to diploidize. Since pet mutations do not have such effects, we conclude that a certain mitochondrial function other than respiration is required for manifestation of "ASD" homothallism. That is, "ASD" homothallism is the result of some sort of nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction.
Cell Nucleus↗
Desorption kinetics and mobility of some radionuclides in sediments.
The desorption kinetics of five radionuclides, 85Sr, 137Cs, 60Co, 54Mn, and 65Zn, were studied for several coastal sediments, a few limnetic sediments, and one subsoil, using various aqueous solutions for extraction in batch systems. In a 2-wk desorption experiment, greater than 90% of most radionuclides sorbed were extracted by 6N-HCl, whereas in 1N-HCl approximately 30% of the 137Cs was retained within the sediments and a soil due to its fixation following intraparticle diffusion. For longer desorption periods (6 wk), reversible sorption with sediments could be seen for the 137Cs compared with the other four radionuclides in seawater. The EDTA-2Na solution extracted greater than 70% of 65Zn, 54Mn, and 60Co, and the ammonium oxalate extracted greater than 60% of 54Mn and 60Co. Readily exchangeable cations extracted by ammonium acetate were greater than 80% for 85Sr, approximately 50% for 137Cs, and 40% for 60Co and 54Mn. Many of the distribution coefficients for these radionuclides in coastal sediments obtained by desorption experiments were one order of magnitude or more larger than those obtained by the adsorption experiments. For 85Sr, larger-than-expected distribution coefficients were obtained in the desorption experiments, an indication of the irreversible formation of metal-oxyhydroxides during a slow reaction. Using batch and column diffusion experiments, it was recognized that 60Co and 54Mn are less strongly associated with coastal sediments under suboxic conditions, and their migration rates are greater in deeper layers of sediment than in the top layer, an indication that a single Kd model is inappropriate to forecast the behavior of radionuclides near sediment surface layers.
Adsorption↗
Cerebral aspergillosis after burr-hole surgery for chronic subdural hematoma: case report.
We report a case of aspergillosis in the subdural space and frontal lobe in an 83-year-old man. The clinical course simulated that of a brain tumor. The source for the infection was considered to be the previous burr-hole surgery for chronic subdural hematoma, which was performed 2.5 years before the onset of symptoms. The patient was treated by removal of the abscess and granuloma. The clinical features and treatment of aspergillosis after neurosurgical procedures are discussed.
Aged↗
Neuronal migration anomalies causing extensive ventricular indentation.
Neuronal migration disorders include various anomalies of the brain, and cortical heterotopia is the most common type. In this report, we present the radiological findings of two adults with unusually large cortical heterotopia associated with fused-lip schizencephaly that caused extensive ventricular indentation. The lesion showed density on a computed tomographic scan and signal intensity on a magnetic resonance imaging scan similar to normal gray matter. Perifocal edema, contrast enhancement, and calcification were not seen. An abnormally decreased volume of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere, the presence of adjacent microgyri, and deep fissures that contained blood vessels were also characteristic findings, indicating abnormal development. Knowledge of this entity is important in differentiating true intracerebral neoplasms.
Adult↗
Intraoperative localization of a cervicomedullary glioma from the killed end potential: illustrative case.
We recorded the intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials directly from the upper cervical cord and medulla in a patient with an intrinsic tumor at the region of the cervicomedullary junction. The killed end potential, a large positive potential, was obtained at the caudal end of the tumor. This type of potential occurs when an impulse approaches but never passes beyond the recording electrode. Myelotomy guided by the killed end potential enabled appropriate spinal and medullary dissection and led to early encounter with the cervicomedullary tumor.
Adult↗