Characterization of O-linked saccharides from cell surface glycoproteins.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Carbohydrate Conformation↗
Biomedical subjects
M Fukuda
Publications and source records attributed to M Fukuda.
Immunohistological study of the epithelial components of Warthin's tumor.
In order to gain insight into the origin of Warthin's tumor, 10 cases of Warthin's tumor were compared immunohistologically with macroscopically and microscopically normal areas of the same glands, using 6 types of functional markers; carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, lactoferrin, keratin, S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. It was shown that in normal parotid glands, the cells of acini, the intercalated ducts, the striated ducts, and the excretory ducts, as well as myoepithelial cells differed from each other in intensity and distribution of reaction products with antisera against those markers. Although the differences were rather subtle, the results suggested that those markers could differentiate the cell types of the salivary glands. In Warthin's tumors with double-layered tumor epithelia, the staining characteristics of the luminal and basal epithelia differed from each other. Epithelial cells on the luminal side showed immunological characteristics similar to striated duct cells of the parotid gland, while those of the basal side had characteristics similar to those of basal cells of the excretory duct. It is therefore suggested that the epithelia of Warthin's tumor may show differentiation into 2 different cell types.
Adenolymphoma↗
Structural organization of glycophorin A and B genes: glycophorin B gene evolved by homologous recombination at Alu repeat sequences.
Glycophorins A (GPA) and B (GPB) are two major sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane. Here we present a comparison of the genomic structures of GPA and GPB developed by analyzing DNA clones isolated from a K562 genomic library. Nucleotide sequences of exon-intron junctions and 5' and 3' flanking sequences revealed that the GPA and GPB genes consist of 7 and 5 exons, respectively, and both genes have greater than 95% identical sequence from the 5' flanking region to the region approximately 1 kilobase downstream from the exon encoding the transmembrane regions. In this homologous part of the genes, GPB lacks one exon due to a point mutation at the 5' splicing site of the third intron, which inactivates the 5' cleavage event of splicing and leads to ligation of the second to the fourth exon. Following these very homologous sequences, the genomic sequences for GPA and GPB diverge significantly and no homology can be detected in their 3' end sequences. The transition site from homologous to nonhomologous sequences can be localized within Alu repeat sequences. The analysis of the Alu sequences and their flanking direct repeat sequences suggest that an ancestral genomic structure has been maintained in the GPA gene, whereas the GPB gene has arisen from the acquisition of 3' sequences different from those of the GPA gene by homologous recombination at the Alu repeats during or after gene duplication.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Characterization of cDNAs encoding human leukosialin and localization of the leukosialin gene to chromosome 16.
We describe the isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding human leukosialin, a major sialoglycoprotein of human leukocytes. Leukosialin is very closely related or identical to the sialophorin molecule, which is involved in T-cell proliferation and whose expression is altered in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), an X chromosome-linked immunodeficiency disease. Using a rabbit anti-serum to leukosialin, a cDNA clone was isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library constructed from human peripheral blood cells. This lambda gt11 clone was used to isolate longer cDNA clones that correspond to the entire coding sequence of leukosialin. DNA sequence analysis reveals three domains in the predicted mature protein. The extracellular domain is enriched for Ser, Thr, and Pro and contains four contiguous 18-amino acid repeats. The transmembrane and intracellular domains of the human leukosialin molecule are highly homologous to the rat W3/13 molecule. RNA gel blot analysis reveals two polyadenylylated species of 2.3 and 8 kilobases. Southern blot analysis suggests that human leukosialin is a single-copy gene. Analysis of monochromosomal cell hybrids indicates that the leukosialin gene is not X chromosome linked and in situ hybridization shows leukosialin is located on chromosome 16. These findings demonstrate that the primary mutation in WAS is not a defect in the structural gene for leukosialin.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Intraocular penetration of CT-112, an aldose reductase inhibitor, following topical instillation.
Intraocular penetration of 5-(3-ethoxy-4-pentyloxyphenyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (CT-112), an aldose reductase inhibitor, was investigated in rabbits following topical instillation. The concentration of CT-112 in corneal epithelium, stroma, endothelium, lens, and aqueous humor, was sequentially determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. CT-112 peaked in the corneal epithelium, stroma, endothelium and aqueous humor in 30 minutes following instillation, then gradually diminished time-dependently over a period of 24 hours. CT-112 remained detectable in the lens up to 24 hours, with a peak concentration at 2 hours after instillation.
Administration, Topical↗
Results of distal splenorenal shunt with versus without splenopancreatic disconnection.
From December 1973 to December 1987, we performed a distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) in 112 cases of portal hypertension, including 107 with postnecrotic liver cirrhosis and 5 with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH). They comprised about 50% of our surgical cases with esophageal varices. In 1981, we modified our operative procedure towards a more extended splenopancreatic disconnection (SPD) in order to prevent the "stealing" of the shunt through the pancreatic vein. In one group of 69 patients who underwent DSRS alone, the operative mortality was 2.9%; postoperative encephalopathy was seen in 17.4%, late hepatic failure in 40.6%, and recurrence of varices in 4.3%. In the other group, 43 patients who underwent DSRS with SPD, there were no operative deaths, no encephalopathy (better than DSRS alone at p less than 0.05), and late hepatic failure was seen in only 9.3% (better than DSRS alone at p less than 0.025), while the recurrence rate of 7% was the only statistical increase. These data show that DSRS + SPD can improve chances of survival.
Collateral Circulation↗
Apocrine hidrocystoma--a report of five cases and review of the Japanese literature.
Five cases of apocrine hidrocystoma are reported. One is multiple and the others are solitary lesions. There are more than 60 cases reported in the Japanese literature. Apocrine hidrocystomas usually occur as a solitary lesion. Only two cases of multiple apocrine hidrocystoma have been described so far in Japan. We reviewed the literature and discussed the clinicopathologic nature of this tumor. Apocrine hidrocystomas are usually composed of a cystic cavity lined by columnar epithelium, showing apocrine type secretion. Peripheral to this, myoepithelial cells are usually seen; however, they were absent from all of the present cases. Change in hue of the tumor is another characteristic feature. About half of the reported Japanese cases exhibited distinctive coloration, variously light brown, red-brown, or bluish. In contrast, non-Japanese cases tended to have darker coloration.
Adult↗
Psychological intervention can partly alter P300-amplitude abnormalities in schizophrenics.
In the present study, we investigated whether psychological interventions can alter P300-abnormalities, specifically enhancing reduced P300-amplitudes, in schizophrenics. A three-tone discrimination task was employed for recording P300s, in which psychological intervention to facilitate target detection was performed through delivering a buzzer sound one second after each designated target tone that informed its occurrence. This procedure was done exclusively during the third and fourth sessions among the six sessions in total. When the data for all the patients were analyzed as a whole, no significant change was observed. However, when the patients were broken down into two groups based on the P300-amplitudes in the first and second sessions, significant effects of the intervention emerged. The group with smaller P300-amplitudes showed a significant increase in P300-amplitudes as well as improved performance levels during and after the intervention sessions. On the contrary, the group with larger P300-amplitudes displayed a significant decrease in P300-amplitudes in these sessions. Interestingly, the above results were consistent with the subjective difficulty changes experienced by the patients through the sessions. Overall, the above results indicate that psychological interventions can partly enhance reduced P300-amplitudes in schizophrenics.
Adult↗
Cloning and sequencing of two tandem genes involved in degradation of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl to benzoic acid in the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain KKS102.
Two genes involved in the degradation of biphenyl were isolated from a gene library of a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain KKS102, by using a broad-host-range cosmid vector, pKS13. When a 3.2-kilobase (kb) PstI fragment of a 29-kb cosmid DNA insert was subcloned into pUC18 at the PstI site downstream of the lacZ promoter, Escherichia coli cells carrying this recombinant plasmid expressed 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase activity. Nucleotide sequencing of the 3.2-kb PstI fragment revealed that there were two open reading frames (ORFI [882 base pairs] and ORFII [834 base pairs], in this gene order). Results of analysis of Tn5 insertion mutants and unidirectional deletion mutants suggested that the ORFI coded for 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase. When the sequence of ORFI was compared with that of bphC of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 (K. Furukawa, N. Arima, and T. Miyazaki, J. Bacteriol. 169:427-429, 1987), the homology was 68%, with both strains having the same Shine-Dalgarno sequence. The result of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the metabolic product suggested that the ORFII had meta cleavage compound hydrolase activity to produce benzoic acid. DNA sequencing suggested that these two genes were contained in one operon.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the 72-kilodalton dehydrogenase subunit of alcohol dehydrogenase from Acetobacter aceti.
A genomic library of Acetobacter aceti DNA was constructed by using a broad-host-range cosmid vector. Complementation of a spontaneous alcohol dehydrogenase-deficient mutant resulted in the isolation of a plasmid designated pAA701. Subcloning and deletion analysis of pAA701 limited the region that complemented the deficiency in alcohol dehydrogenase activity of the mutant. The nucleotide sequence of this region was determined and showed that this region contained the full structural gene for the 72-kilodalton dehydrogenase subunit of the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme complex. The predicted amino acid sequence of the gene showed homology with sequences of methanol dehydrogenase structural genes of Paracoccus denitrificans and Methylobacterium organophilum.
Acetobacter↗
Further characterization of the biological properties of human hematopoietic survival and growth factor.
Human hematopoietic survival and stem cell growth factor (SCGF), derived from the KPB-M15 myeloid cells, is a heat- and pH-stable protein. Chemical modification with various denaturing agents and proteolytic enzymes abrogated SCGF activity. The granulocyte-macrophage colony-potentiating and erythroid burst-promoting activities of SCGF were proportional to the density of the bone marrow (BM) cells cultured, the optimal BM cell density for delta granulocyte- and delta burst-promoting activities being 5 to 10 X 10(5)/ml. These data could be important in enabling the use of SCGF to induce proliferation of human hematopoietic stem cells in vitro.
Bone Marrow Cells↗
Erythropoietin metabolism and the influence of carbohydrate structure.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amino Sugars↗
[A case of clear cell sarcoma associated with giant metastatic tumor mass in the right atrium].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
[Three cases of transient elevation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen associated with severe malnutrition].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
[Combination effect of photodynamic therapy and microwave hyperthermia on experimental squamous cell carcinoma in vivo].
We investigated the time course of Hematoporphyrin oligomer (HpO) uptake to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) transplanted into C3H mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.)-injection by measuring its fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence intensity was maximum at 83 hr after the i.p.-injection. The tumors once disappeared by the single application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) or microwave hyperthermia at 83 hr after HpO i.p.-injection. However, all the tumors treated with these single modalities recurred within 4 weeks after the treatments. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic effect of microwave hyperthermia in combination with PDT at 83 hr after HpO i.p.-injection. As the results, the combination effect was the strongest when high-dose therapy was used as the first choice of therapy, irrespective of the orders of the treatments and no tumor regrowth occurred over 45 days after tumor disappearance.
Animals↗
Tubular dysfunction in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy.
Renal tubular function was investigated in 98 non-insulin-dependent and 18 insulin-dependent diabetics under conditions of standard glycemic control. Mean urinary excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in both Albustix-negative and positive patients were significantly elevated above the control range. The increased excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and NAG was found in 21, 55 and 62% of the normoalbuminuric patients, and in 40, 57 and 74% of the microalbuminuric patients, respectively. Besides the parameters cited above, urinary acid-soluble glycoprotein (ASP) was measured to assess its potential as an indicator of early renal dysfunction. Mean urinary ASP excretion was also elevated in both Albustix-negative and positive patients. The albumin/ASP ratio increased as nephropathy advanced. Such a mode of excretion was similar to those of low-molecular-weight proteins (lysozyme and beta 2-microglobulin). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that serum creatinine most highly correlated with the excretion of the urinary proteins except for NAG.
Acetylglucosaminidase↗
Intraocular dynamic mode differences of new quinolone antibacterial agents between pigmented and albino rabbit eyes.
The influence of melanin on the intraocular dynamics of a new quinolone anti-bacterial agent, NY-198, was investigated in albino and pigmented rabbit eyes. Drug uptake into the cornea of the removed eye was almost the same in both albino and pigmented eyes. However, drug uptake into the iris-ciliary body and release volume and time from the tissues were significantly higher and longer in pigmented eyes than in albino rabbit eyes. Penetration of NY-198 into the cornea, the iris-ciliary body and the serum, administered either systemically or locally into the living eyes of pigmented rabbit was significantly higher than that observed in albino rabbit eyes. Drug affinity for melanin was examined utilizing synthetic melanin. Regarding OFLX, NY-198, CEZ, LMOX, CMX, SISO and TOB, drug-melanin combined ratios ranged from 9.1% to 95.5%. SISO and TOB showed antibacterial activity reduction against E, Coli and B. Subtilis. The results suggest that melanin influences the intraocular dynamic mode of a new quinolone agent, NY-198, and that useful information about the influence of melanin in the drug dynamics of ocular tissues can be obtained from in vitro experiments.
4-Quinolones↗
Intraocular penetration of topically administered acyclovir.
The aqueous and intracorneal levels of acyclovir administered to rabbit eyes were examined utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography. A 3% ointment of acyclovir was administered into the cul-de-sac and 0.1 ml of a 1.5% solution of acyclovir for intravenous application was injected subconjunctivally. The maximum concentrations of the drugs that penetrated into the aqueous and the cornea after ophthalmic ointment administration were 3.38 micrograms/ml at 60 minutes and 45.78 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes after drug administration, respectively. Subconjunctival application showed 15.32 micrograms/ml in the aqueous at 60 minutes and 111.97 micrograms/ml in the cornea at 30 minutes after administration as a maximum concentration, respectively. Relatively high drug concentrations in the cornea after ointment administration and high drug dose penetrations into the eye can be useful clinically. In particular, subconjunctival administration should be a useful treatment for severe herpetic keratitis.
Acyclovir↗