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Biomedical subjects

M Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to M Friedman.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The posterior triangle in radical neck surgery.

We evaluate the importance of cancer spread to the lymphatic system in the posterior triangle. The posterior triangle tissues of 51 radical neck specimens were serially sectioned and studied for metastic involvement. The findings were correlated with the findings in the anterior triangle and the primary tumor. Of the 51 neck operations performed, 25 were elective and 26 were therapeutic for carcinoma of the larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity. Metastasis in the anterior triangles was detected in 88.4% of the therapeutic group and in 24.0% of the elective group. However, no metastasis in the posterior triangel was found in either group, regardless of the site of the tumor. We suggest that the posterior triangle can be totally preserved in radical neck surgery, which may make preservation of the spinal accessory nerve a more likely practice.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Spinal cord compression in malignant lymphoma. Treatment and results.

The natural history, treatment, and results of 73 spinal cord compressions caused by malignant lymphomas are analyzed. It is found that the spinal cord compression caused by malignant lymphomas is generally a late manifestation of the illness, although primary or early involvements are occasionally seen. In our study, reticulum cell sarcoma is the most frequently variety followed by Hodgkin's disease and lymphosarcoma. The dorsal spinal cord is the most frequently involved segment and pain, weakness, and paresthesia are cardinal symptoms. Radiation treatment delivered in the early phase of the compression is commonly successful in reversing the neurologic symptoms and a dose above 2500 rads appears to be optimal for local control of disease. The low incidence of cerivcal cord compression in Hodgkin's disease patients may be related to frequent manifestation and irradiation of the neck nodes in these patients. Early detection of disease in the deep seated areas along the spinal cord and irradiation of these areas may prevent progression of tumor to the epidural space.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Hodgkin's disease in children.

From 1921 to 1973, 106 children with Hodgkin's disease under the age of 17 years were seen at Roswell Park Memorial Institute and were analyzed retrospectively. Evaluation was separated into three eras: 1921-1949 (early era), 1950-1964 (middle era), and 1965-1973 (recent era). In the early era, suboptimal radiation therapy was employed. In the middle era, radiation therapy techniques were improved, and single-agent chemotherapy was introduced. In the recent era, multiagent chemotherapy routines were frequently used; aggressive external megavoltage radiation therapy became routine in conjunction with improvement in staging procedures. The best survival was observed in the recent era where five-year survival of 96% was noted in early stage disease. Favorable prognostic features included: younger age group (5-9 years), female sex, lymphocytic predominant histology, early stage disease, and complete response to therapy. Nodular sclerosing and mixed cell types had an equal prognosis. The concept of involved area radiotherapy along with combination chemotherapy appears a reasonable approach in children and should be tested in a randomized study against more extensive radiotherapy techniques in early stage disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Multivariate prediction of coronary heart disease during 8.5 year follow-up in the Western Collaborative Group Study.

The Western Collaborative Group Study is a prospective study of 3,154 employed men aged 39 to 59 years. Ischemic heart disease occurred in 257 subjects during 8.5 years of follow-up. Risk of coronary heart disease was studied with use of the multiple logistic risk model. The incidence of coronary heart disease had a highly significant association with serum cholesterol level, behavior pattern, cigarette smoking and systolic blood pressure in younger (39 to 49 years) and older (50 to 59 years) men and also with age and corneal arcus in the younger group. Type A behavior pattern was strongly related to the incidence of coronary disease in both age groups, independent of interrelations of behavior patterns with any other risk factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hepatic cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase activity in neurogenic hypercholesterolemia.

The cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase activity of hepatic microsomal preparations of hypothalamic hypercholesterolemic rats and normal rats was assayed in rats fed diets high and low in cholesterol, and in rats killed at the supposed height and at the nadir of the diurnal cycle of enzyme activity. The activity of this enzyme system appeared to be unimpaired in the hypothalamic hypercholesterolemic rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Phenobarbital as a hypocholesterolemic agent in the rat and rabbit.

The administration of phenobarbital was observed to inhibit the rise in serum cholesterol that occurred in rats after thyroidectomy or hypophysectomy and in rabbits after inclusion of cholesterol in their diet. This hypocholesterolemic effect of phenobarbital was found to be due to its capacity to inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol in both these species. We found no evidence to suggest that phenobarbital altered the endogenous process of cholesterol metabolism in either of these two species of animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Acute transient radiation hepatitis following whole abdominal irradiation.

Sporadic cases or radiation hepatitis have been reported following doses above 3500 rad delivered in 3-4 weeks to the liver. The authors report their experience of radiation hepatitis in two out of 117 consecutive lymphoma cases treated with total abdominal irradiation. These two patients developed clinically overt manifestations which lasted for a short period of time and fully recovered. The dose delivered to the whole liver was 3000 rad in six weeks, but in one an additional 1000 rad in five fractions were delivered to the left lobe in an attempt to boost the dose to the central axis lymphatic system up to 4000 rad. The low incidence of radiation hepatitis and its reversible course, when 3000 rad in six weeks are delivered to the whole liver, is emphasised.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

Relative reactivities of sulfhydryl groups with N-acetyl dehydroalanine and N-acetyl dehydroalanine methyl ester.

The reaction rates in aqueous solutions of aminothiols, thiols, and other compounds with N-acetyl dehydroalanine and its methyl ester (2-acetamindoacrylic acid and methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate) were studied as a function of the structure of the thiol compound in aqueous solutions. Correction of the observed second-order rate constants to identical thiol anion concentration gave a series of computed rate constants whose logarithms showed a linear dependence on the pK's of the thiol group in similar steric environments. Comparison of the addition rates of penicillamine to N-acetyl dehydroalanine and its methyl ester showed the methyl ester to react approximately 11,400 times faster than the acid. Addition rates for thiol acids and aromatic and heterocyclic thiols were also compared; each showed sluggish reactivity with dehydroalanine, but each reacted readily with methyl dehydroalanine. The kinetic data were applied in developing a method for preparing lanthionine in high yield.

Alanine↗
PubMed1976

Multivariate prediction of coronary heart disease in the Western Collaborative Group Study compared to the findings of the Framingham study.

The Western Collaborative Group Study (WCGS) is a prospective epidemiological study of 3,154 initially well men, aged 39059 years at intake in 1960-61, who were employed in ten participating companies in California. Clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 257 men during a follow-up period of eight and one-half years. Coronary heart disease risk is predicted using the additive multiple logistic model with the risk factors: age, cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, hematocrit, ECG status, smoking at intake, and relative body weight. The predicted individual CHS risk levels, using the logistic results derived from the WCGS data, are highly correlated with predicted risk levels using a Framington study (FS) equation for these same risk factors with 12-year follow-up. The observed number of CHS events in the WCGS is not significantly different from the expected number of events derived from the FS logistic equation, after correction of length of follow-up. Multiple logistic analysis of the direct association between CHD incidence and behavior pattern gives an approximate relative risk of 1.9 (P = 0.0006) and 2.1 (P = 0.0015) for Type A compared to Type B men aged 39-49 and 50-59 years, respectively. It is estimated that removal of the excess risk associated with Type A behavior would correspond to a 31% (standard error = 6.6%) reduction of coronary heart disease incidence in the Western Collaborative Group Study population.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Coronary heart disease in Western Collaborative Group Study. Final follow-up experience of 8 1/2 years.

Clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 257 subjects during eight to nine years of follow-up (average, 8 1/2 years) in a prospective study of 39- to 59-year-old employed men. Incidence of CHD was significantly associated with parental CHD history, reported diabetes, schooling, smoking habits, overt behavior pattern, blood pressure, and serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and beta-lipoproteins. The type A behavior pattern was strongly related to the CHD incidence, and this association could not be explained by association of behavior pattern with any single predictive risk factor or with any combination of them.

Adult↗