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Biomedical subjects

M Franz

Publications and source records attributed to M Franz.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Participation refusal by probands in an epidemiologic long-term study--sociodemographic, clinical and psychometric findings].

Usually little is known about probands who participated in an epidemiological longitudinal field survey but refused participation in follow-up investigations. For reasons of data protection and on account of the fact that investigative instruments used in longterm field surveys or panel studies are more focused on well defined issues (opinions, attitudes, assessment of behaviors) and less on personality variables, differentiated statements on probands who explicitly refused cooperation can hardly be made. In our epidemiological longitudinal field study on prevalence and course of psychogenic disorders we have a different situation. Within the limits of our study we had the unique opportunity to gain far-reaching information on probands who refused to participate in preceding investigations in regard to sociodemographic, psychometric and clinical variables. The clientele of refusers we present in our paper mainly comprises elderly, married, rather obsessive-compulsive structured, lower-class females. According to our data interactive aspects are equally responsible for reduced cooperativeness. The significance of our findings for the planning and carrying out of epidemiological longitudinal field surveys is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Chronic lumbar pain syndrome as symptomatic final stage of psychogenic conflict].

The author gives an illustrative survey of the psychosomatic aspects of chronic low back pain syndromes. On the basis of epidemiological data the social relevance of such syndromes is pointed out. Subsequent to a general clinical introduction concerning the pathogenesis and psychosomatic dynamic of symptoms in lumbar vertebral pain syndromes the author describes, by means of case reports, the essential psychodynamic conflict patterns which could be of crucial importance for the development and course of symptomatology. Risks and particular problems of the therapeutic treatment of patients suffering from chronic low back pain syndromes are finally discussed.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1991

A rapid non-radioactive fluorescence assay for the measurement of both cell number and proliferation.

Measuring the incorporation of radioactive thymidine into the cell nucleus gives important information as to cell activation and proliferation. In this study the DNA-intercalating fluorochromes, Hoechst 33342 and Hoechst 33258, were tested as an alternative to the classical [3H]thymidine assay. Mitogen and alloantigen stimulated lymphocytes as well as FK 506 and CsA inhibited lymphocytes were treated with the two dyes, and the cell number and proliferation rates by means of measured fluorescence values. Of these tested fluorochromes H33342 appears to be an appropriate alternative to the [3H]thymidine assay. It mirrors the cell number in a fast and convenient manner without any pretreatment of the cell suspension which can remain in the culture plates. The complete assay procedure including data analysis can be performed rapidly and the standard deviations are small. This dye may also prove to be of value in other assay procedures, e.g., adhesion experiments.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed1991

In vitro effects of 2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole derivatives on microfilariae of Litomosoides carinii, Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae.

Six 2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole derivatives (2-tert-butyl-6-iso-thiocyanato-5-methyl-benzothiazole CGP 21306); 3-[(2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-benzothiazole-6-yl) aminothiocarbonylthiol] propionic acid (CGP 21835); 2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-6-(N-methyl-piperazinyl-thiocarbonylamino)-b enzothiazole (CGP 21833); 2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-6-(4-dimethylamino-piperid-1-yl-thiocarbo nylamino)- benzothiazole (CGP 26702); CGP 20376, the 5-methoxy analogue to CGP 21835 and CGP 20309, the 5-methoxy analogue to CGP 21833) with known, high filaricidal activity in vivo were tested for in vitro efficacy against microfilariae of L. carinii (Lc), B. malayi (Bm) and A. viteae (Av) in order to study intrinsic antifilarial activities. All drugs affected the motility of the microfilariae of the three species in a species, dose and time dependent fashion. Lc was the most sensitive, Av the most resistant species. CGP 20376 and 21835 were the most effective compounds followed by CGP 21306. Complete immobilization of microfilariae was observed after 20 h in protein-free medium RPMI 1640 at drug concentrations of 0.1 to 10 nmol/ml. Effects were still marked 2 when graded on a 4 (full motility) to 0 (immobile) scale at concentrations of 0.01-0.1 nmol/ml. In the case of the thiourea derivatives CGP 21833, 26702 and 20309 concentrations had to be increased 10-100 fold to obtain similar effects. When proteins were present in the incubation medium (10% foetal calf serum, 100% normal serum) the efficacy of the compounds was reduced, i.e. drug concentrations had to be increased up to 100 fold to produce similar effects as in protein-free medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antifilarial efficacy in vitro of 2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole derivatives on adult Litomosoides carinii.

Six 2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole derivatives (2-tert-butyl-6-isothiocyanato-5-methyl-benzothiazole (CGP 21306); 3-[(2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-benzothiazole-6-yl)aminothiocar-bonyl thiol] propionic acid (CGP 21835); 2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-6-(N-methyl-piperazinyl-thiocarbonylamino)- benzothiazole(CGP 21833); 2-tert-butyl-5-methyl-6-(4-dimethylamino-piperid-1-yl-thiocarbo nylamino)- benzothiazole (CGP 26702); CGP 20376, the 5-methoxy analogue to CGP 21835 and CGP 20309, the 5-methoxy analogue to CGP 21833) were tested in vitro against adult Litomosoides carinii. When exposed to the drugs in protein-free medium RPMI 1640 drug concentrations of 1 nmol/ml caused complete immobilization of female worms within 4 h (CGP 21306, 21835, 20376) or 20 h (CGP 21833, 26702, 20309). Short term exposure for 1 h had similar effects with CGP 21306, 21835, 21833 and 20376. However, the levels of CGP 26702 and 20309 (both thiourea derivatives) had to be increased to 10 nmol/ml to obtain complete immobilization after short term exposure. Male parasites were more resistant to the drugs than females under these experimental conditions. When the medium was supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum (FCS) the efficacy of all compounds was reduced. The effect of the compounds during permanent and short term exposure on the release of microfilariae was determined over an incubation period of 7 days (medium RPMI 1640/10% FCS). In general only drug concentrations which affected markedly the motility of the worms within 2 days reduced significantly the number of microfilariae released by treated worms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Uni- and bilateral lung transplantation: patient evaluation and selection. Vienna Lung Transplant Group].

Lung transplantation has been available as a therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease for only a short period of time. Since this procedure is now being successfully performed with increasing frequency in various transplantation centers, we must now begin to consider transplantation as a therapeutic options in patients with lung diseases unresponsive to medical therapy. Physicians are required to know principles involved for determination of suitable candidates and operative procedures of choice. We report here our experiences of preoperative assessment of patients undergoing lung transplantation. Patient selection, indications, contraindications, choice of operation, appropriate timing for transplantation and preoperative rehabilitation methods are discussed. It is concluded that appropriate recipient selection remains an important determinant for the success of this treatment modality.

Austria↗
PubMed1990

In vivo effect of benzothiazole and amoscanate derivatives on the fine structure of adult Brugia spp. and Litomosoides carinii.

Alterations in the fine structures of female Brugia spp. and Litomosoides carinii were investigated after in vivo treatment with curative doses of 4 compounds: CGP 20376 [2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole-5-methoxy-6-dithiocarbamic-S-(2- carboxyethyl)-ester], CGP 21833 (2-tert-butyl-benzothiazole-5-methyl-6- N-methylamino-piperazinylthiocarbonylamide), CGP 6140 [4-Nitro-4'-(N-methyl-piperazinylthiocarbonylamido)-diphenylamine] and amoscanate (4-isothiocyanato-4'-nitrodiphenylamine). All compounds caused early alterations in the somatic muscle cells. These alterations usually appeared within 24 h after treatment; they occurred later only after treatment of L. carinii with amoscanate. In Brugia spp., swelling of the muscle cells occurred in which the glycogen deposits considerably increased in size. The electron density of the cytoplasm surrounding the myofilaments in the fibrillar portion of the muscle cells increased, and light zones appeared between the fibrils. The muscle cell mitochondria swelled, particularly their inner matrix, which became more electron-lucent, with some dense spots. In L. carinii the muscle cells were not increased in size, but their mitochondria were considerably swollen before disintegration; this was followed by disintegration of the myofilaments and vacuolization of the cytoplasm. Vacuolization before mitochondrial swelling was observed only after treatment with CGP 6140. Other tissues of this species were not altered before the 2nd day after treatment. In Brugia spp., electron-lucent appeared in the hypodermis either simultaneously with the alterations in the muscle cells or a few hours later. At 24 h after treatment with amoscanate, blebs were formed on the luminal side of the intestinal membrane.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1990

Fine-structure alterations in female Brugia malayi and Litomosoides carinii after in vivo treatment with flubendazole.

Female filariae of the species Brugia malayi and Litomosoides carinii were investigated by means of electron microscopy after in vivo treatment with flubendazole. The earliest fine-structure alteration in both species was the disappearance of microtubuli from the intestinal cells as soon as 6 h after treatment. There was no further disintegration of intestinal cells for several days. Microtubuli disappeared from the outer zone of the hypodermal cytoplasm 24 h after treatment. At this time, marked alterations were also observed in the oogonia and in the embryonic cells. Many of these were swollen; their nuclear envelope was partly resolved and the chromatin was condensed, but no spindle apparatus was formed. The early fine-structure alterations observed after in vivo treatment with flubendazole consisted of the disappearance of microtubuli from various tissues. This led to the interruption of cell division in oogonia and embryonic cells and, and subsequently, to the disintegration of most other filarial tissues. These morphological alterations differed considerably from those observed after treatment with benzothiazole derivatives, which do not affect the microtubuli of the filariae.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Psychosomatic aspects of neurologic diseases. Experiences with clinical neurology from the viewpoint of the psychoanalyst].

The great relevance of psychoanalytic-psychosomatic aspects for a more profound understanding of neurological diseases is the topic of this article. In terms of medical history, the development of the discipline of neurology especially in Germany is outlined, whereby neurology and psychosomatic medicine share the fate of a handicapped individuation. On the background of this delayed establishment as branches of their own, the mutual denial of neurology and psychosomatic medicine up to the present is discussed. By means of a survey of literature and case examples of several neurological disorders (hysterical conversion symptoms, selected diseases of the extrapyramidal motor system, lumbago, sciatica, cephalgia, epilepsy) the great importance of psychosomatic medicine and psychoanalysis for neurology is pointed out.

Conversion Disorder↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of the bacteriolytic effect of beta-lactam-antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus by the polyanionic drugs suramin and Evans Blue.

The anionic polyelectrolytes suramin and Evans Blue inhibited different autolytic systems involved in wall growth and wall turnover of growing staphylococci and in wall autolysis of resting bacteria. Moreover, both substances lowered the beta-lactam-induced pre-lytic release of cytoplasmic constituents from staphylococci, and inhibited the beta-lactam-induced bacteriolysis as well as the loss of viability. The protective effects of these sulfonated drugs against bacteriolysis were also monitored by electron microscopy. Some medical implications of our results are discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

General dysplasia of the cerebral arteries with persistent primitive acoustic artery and giant aneurysm.

A case of cerebrovascular systemic dysplasia is presented. The anomalies were: persistent primitive acoustic artery, giant aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery, aneurysm of the basilar artery, and an arteriovenous fistula. A review of the literature shows that the association of multiple malformations of cerebral vessels with a persistent primitive acoustic artery has not previously been described. Impairment of embryonic development is suggested as the origin of the malformations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Indication of myocardial "memory". Gradual, persisting modulation of myocardial decrease in excitation following change in the activation sequence].

It is well established that regional differences in electrical repolarization are responsible for the electrocardiographic T-wave. Regional differences in ventricular repolarization traditionally have been attributed to variance of action potential duration (APD), believed to be an intrinsic property of individual cardiac cells (17, 21, 24). To evaluate whether the excitation sequence influences ventricular repolarization we studied the effect of an altered excitation sequence on the APD distribution in isolated rabbit hearts. We found that APD is not primarily a function of the cell's location in the ventricle but rather is modulated by the sequence with which the ventricles are electrically excited. This excitation sequence-dependent modulation of APD occurs with a very slow time-course, requiring hours to develop and hours to dissipate after resumption of the original excitation sequence. Our findings suggest a new, as of yet unrecognized form of intercellular communication by which the myocardial cells adjust their repolarization sequence to a change in excitation sequence.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The morphology of adult Onchocerca volvulus based on electron microscopy.

The fine structures of male and female O. volvulus are described. The sexual dimorphism and the age dependent modifications are mentioned in particular. The cuticle of the male worm consists of more layers than that of the female. The epicuticle of the male is wrinkled, whereas the epicuticle of the female forms protuberances. The outer membrane of the hypodermis is folded to form lamellae, which are associated with a layer of mitochondria. The female worms have only small somatic muscle cells. The intestinal cells are filled with concentric spherules, and the intestinal lumen is reduced. Various types of age dependent alterations of the fine structures are observed. The electron density of the cytoplasm changes. The interspace between basal lamina and cell membrane increases, the number of organelles is reduced and specific structures are decomposed whereas the number of granules, vacuoles and lipid droplets increases with age and the laminae and the cuticle thicken. These age dependent modifications might resemble drug induced alterations.

Aging↗